This study, assuming that the elderly who live a boring and meaningless life day after day due to the absence of communication between the colleagues in long-term care hospitals and lowered life satisfaction will be able to have much happier life for the rest of their days if they maintain amicable ...
This study, assuming that the elderly who live a boring and meaningless life day after day due to the absence of communication between the colleagues in long-term care hospitals and lowered life satisfaction will be able to have much happier life for the rest of their days if they maintain amicable and intimate relationships and increase life satisfaction, aims to improve life satisfaction and interpersonal relationships through horticultural therapy programs involving friendly activities of pressed flowers and floral decorations, as well as a variety of group activities.
The horticultural therapy was conducted in an auditorium within G long-term care hospital located at 23-3 Nangmin-dong Dongnae-gu Busan. The subjects of horticultural treatment were selected from those who desired for the therapy after they had visited the long-term care hospital, consulting with assigned social workers. The period was 9.4~10.30, 2015, a total of 15 times, 2 times a week, every Monday and Friday. Each therapy took 50 minutes from 10:30 to 11:20.
For running the program, the subjects were divided into an experimental group of 10 who participated in the therapy and a control group of 10 who didn’t. The effectiveness of the horticultural therapy program was assessed using the elderly life satisfaction test, interpersonal relationship assessment scales, and horticultural activities evaluation checklist before and after the program.
As the results of examining the effects of the horticultural therapy program on life satisfaction of the elderly staying in the long-term care hospital, no significant difference was observed between the present life satisfaction and future life satisfaction in the control group. In comparison between the present life satisfaction and future life satisfaction in the experimental group, the positive response of 3.5 in the pre-test increased up to 5.1 in the post-test in significant difference with the degree of **P<0.003; the negative response of 7.8 in the pre-test decreased down to 3.3 in extremely significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000. Therefore, it is concluded that the life satisfaction of the elderly in the experimental group was improved very significantly after the horticultural therapy program as compared with the control group.
According to the interpersonal relationship assessment scales which represent communication, interpersonal relationship within a group, and daily interpersonal relationships, while no significant difference was found in the control group, the experimental group showed that the positive response of 8.6 in the pre-test increased up to 14.2 in the post-test in significant difference with the degree of **P<0.003, and the negative response of 13.8 in the pre-test decreased down to 8.0 in significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.001. Therefore, it is considered that interpersonal relationship of the elderly in the experimental group was improved very significantly after the horticultural therapy program as compared with the control group.
In terms of the horticultural activities evaluation checklist, only with the experimental group, the first-half period assessment, mid-period assessment, and second-half period assessment were conducted over the following 6 items - participation, interest and assistance, communication skills, interpersonal skills, cognition and problem solving skills, and proficiency.
In the category of participation, the average score of 1.2 in the first-half period increased up to 2.7 (mid-period), and then 2.9 (second-half period), which resulted in the very high significant difference with the degree of *** P<0.000. Also in the category of interest and assistance, the average score of 0.8 in the fist-half period increased up to 2.2(mid-period), and then 2.6 (second-half period), which resulted in the extremely significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000. In terms of communication skills, the increase of the average score appeared to be from 1.1 (first-half period) to 2.2 (mid-period) and to 2.4 (second-half period), resulting in the significant difference with the degree of **P<0.004. Interpersonal relationship skills showed the increase from 0.8 in the
first-half period to 1.5 (mid-period), and to 2.8 (second-half period), resulting in the very significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000, while cognition and problem solving skills appeared to be increasing this way: from 0.6 to 1.9 and to 2.6 in the respective period, resulting in the very significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000. Proficiency revealed a great improvement with the increase from 0.7 to 1.6 and to 2.4 in the respective period, resulting in the significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000.
Through such assessment, it was proved that the horticultural therapy has effects on the increase of participation, interest and assistance, as well as the improvement of communication skills, interpersonal relationship skills, cognition and problem-solving skills, and proficiency in the assigned tasks.
Although there have been many studies on the horticultural therapy, almost none have been targeted to the improvement of interpersonal relationship and life satisfaction of the elderly in the long-term care hospitals. In terms of methodology, pressed flower activities in the first step and floral decorations in the second step were employed respectively to provoke interest and excitement, and the amount of materials and activities was increased depending on the program step by step to secure easy access. In addition, a variety of group activities were facilitated to offer more chances to interact with many others. Thus, it is considered that this study resulted in the horticultural therapy program with a new access technique and it is expected that in the future this technique would be applied and utilized in various ways to improve life satisfaction and interpersonal relationship of the elderly in long-term care hospitals.
This study, assuming that the elderly who live a boring and meaningless life day after day due to the absence of communication between the colleagues in long-term care hospitals and lowered life satisfaction will be able to have much happier life for the rest of their days if they maintain amicable and intimate relationships and increase life satisfaction, aims to improve life satisfaction and interpersonal relationships through horticultural therapy programs involving friendly activities of pressed flowers and floral decorations, as well as a variety of group activities.
The horticultural therapy was conducted in an auditorium within G long-term care hospital located at 23-3 Nangmin-dong Dongnae-gu Busan. The subjects of horticultural treatment were selected from those who desired for the therapy after they had visited the long-term care hospital, consulting with assigned social workers. The period was 9.4~10.30, 2015, a total of 15 times, 2 times a week, every Monday and Friday. Each therapy took 50 minutes from 10:30 to 11:20.
For running the program, the subjects were divided into an experimental group of 10 who participated in the therapy and a control group of 10 who didn’t. The effectiveness of the horticultural therapy program was assessed using the elderly life satisfaction test, interpersonal relationship assessment scales, and horticultural activities evaluation checklist before and after the program.
As the results of examining the effects of the horticultural therapy program on life satisfaction of the elderly staying in the long-term care hospital, no significant difference was observed between the present life satisfaction and future life satisfaction in the control group. In comparison between the present life satisfaction and future life satisfaction in the experimental group, the positive response of 3.5 in the pre-test increased up to 5.1 in the post-test in significant difference with the degree of **P<0.003; the negative response of 7.8 in the pre-test decreased down to 3.3 in extremely significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000. Therefore, it is concluded that the life satisfaction of the elderly in the experimental group was improved very significantly after the horticultural therapy program as compared with the control group.
According to the interpersonal relationship assessment scales which represent communication, interpersonal relationship within a group, and daily interpersonal relationships, while no significant difference was found in the control group, the experimental group showed that the positive response of 8.6 in the pre-test increased up to 14.2 in the post-test in significant difference with the degree of **P<0.003, and the negative response of 13.8 in the pre-test decreased down to 8.0 in significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.001. Therefore, it is considered that interpersonal relationship of the elderly in the experimental group was improved very significantly after the horticultural therapy program as compared with the control group.
In terms of the horticultural activities evaluation checklist, only with the experimental group, the first-half period assessment, mid-period assessment, and second-half period assessment were conducted over the following 6 items - participation, interest and assistance, communication skills, interpersonal skills, cognition and problem solving skills, and proficiency.
In the category of participation, the average score of 1.2 in the first-half period increased up to 2.7 (mid-period), and then 2.9 (second-half period), which resulted in the very high significant difference with the degree of *** P<0.000. Also in the category of interest and assistance, the average score of 0.8 in the fist-half period increased up to 2.2(mid-period), and then 2.6 (second-half period), which resulted in the extremely significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000. In terms of communication skills, the increase of the average score appeared to be from 1.1 (first-half period) to 2.2 (mid-period) and to 2.4 (second-half period), resulting in the significant difference with the degree of **P<0.004. Interpersonal relationship skills showed the increase from 0.8 in the
first-half period to 1.5 (mid-period), and to 2.8 (second-half period), resulting in the very significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000, while cognition and problem solving skills appeared to be increasing this way: from 0.6 to 1.9 and to 2.6 in the respective period, resulting in the very significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000. Proficiency revealed a great improvement with the increase from 0.7 to 1.6 and to 2.4 in the respective period, resulting in the significant difference with the degree of ***P<0.000.
Through such assessment, it was proved that the horticultural therapy has effects on the increase of participation, interest and assistance, as well as the improvement of communication skills, interpersonal relationship skills, cognition and problem-solving skills, and proficiency in the assigned tasks.
Although there have been many studies on the horticultural therapy, almost none have been targeted to the improvement of interpersonal relationship and life satisfaction of the elderly in the long-term care hospitals. In terms of methodology, pressed flower activities in the first step and floral decorations in the second step were employed respectively to provoke interest and excitement, and the amount of materials and activities was increased depending on the program step by step to secure easy access. In addition, a variety of group activities were facilitated to offer more chances to interact with many others. Thus, it is considered that this study resulted in the horticultural therapy program with a new access technique and it is expected that in the future this technique would be applied and utilized in various ways to improve life satisfaction and interpersonal relationship of the elderly in long-term care hospitals.
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