Ph. D. Thesis
Sports Philosophical Implications of
Exercising Elderly Body
Mi-Jung Lee
Department of Kinesiology
Graduate School
Yeungnam University
(Supervised by Professor Dong-Kyu Kim)
ABSTRACT
In the contemporary societ...
Ph. D. Thesis
Sports Philosophical Implications of
Exercising Elderly Body
Mi-Jung Lee
Department of Kinesiology
Graduate School
Yeungnam University
(Supervised by Professor Dong-Kyu Kim)
ABSTRACT
In the contemporary society, the way of life in the elderly has changed as standards for education and living increased, and as they pursue independent lives beyond the basic survival, there are increasing concerns and needs of active leisure activities and successful aging. Today, healthy and economically powerful new elderly generation has already appeared, and in reality, where the age of the elderly is subdivided, it is required to change the social awareness of the elderly and old age and to formulate new values about the body of the elderly. This study would investigate the philosophical value and meaning of the body of the elderly who participate in exercise and contribute to the establishment of a project for the body of the elderly who participate in exercise corresponding to that. As a result of a discussion of the status and bias of the body of the elderly and an exploration of the social and philosophical meaning of the body of the elderly who participate in exercise, it was found that the body of the elderly who participate in exercise realizes the cultural body with independence while is dominated by the discipline power, and based on this, the project for the body of the elderly who participate in exercise was proposed.
In the past, in Korean society, old people were guaranteed with social authority and could pursue a high level of life, based on the spirit of filial piety, respect for the elderly and Confucian culture. And yet, as the society changed into an industrial society where productivity and labor force were important, the status of the body of the elderly fell, and they came to be regarded as dependent and subordinate subjects to support. The elderly experience alienation from the central generations as their leading role is lost after retirement. In a capitalist society, the elderly fell down to inferior beings, which have material values of reduction. This negative perception of aging deepens the phenomena of the discrimination and alienation of the body of the elderly. It is required to increase the level of activity to overcome the phenomenon of the alienation of the body of the elderly. The elderly can pursue health through exercise and cultivate the subjectivity of the body. Exercise in the elderly should be the recovery of the naturalness of the body, breaking away from a dualistic perspective in which the body and the mind are separated. This is making use of a life value as a subject and furthermore, one can complete one’s own life. It is a suitable physical training to respect individuality by exercise in the elderly for the recovery of subjectivity and awaken the life force. In addition, the body of the elderly who participate in exercise has a personal value of successful aging and a social value of the realization of culture simultaneously. This study connected the characteristics of the meme theory, such as selection, imitation, and diffusion to cultural characteristics and analyzed the cultural structure of the body of the elderly who participate in an exercise with sociality, receptivity and publicity. Through this, it was found that exercise in the elderly is a means to maintain health and at the same time, a slice of culture. In the meantime, the body is controlled by power and knowledge, and one monitors one’s body by internalizing discipline. Prejudices about appearance and age act as a discipline power for the body of the elderly. That is to allow one to build up one’s body of social symbols oneself with the methods of discipline and education, instead of a coercive method. Since this is the loss of subjectivity for the body of the elderly and cruel treatment, it is necessary to break away from the body to be monitored to become the free body. Also, it is necessary to change from the body of social symbols to an individualized body. Based on the above details, three projects for the body of the elderly who participate in the exercise were proposed as follows:
First, a project for the ecological body of the elderly who participate in the exercise. The body constantly communicates with nature through physical activities, which becomes the recovery of human nature. The elderly should break away from excessive obsession to body care, recognize the aging process and become part of nature through asceticism and taking pleasure in acting in an honest way.
Second, a project for the humanistic body of the elderly who participate in the exercise. Exercise in the elderly provides an opportunity to recover sociality in addition to the maintenance of physical and mental health and realizes human values, like providing vitality to a helpless life. In the mechanized contemporary society, the physical activities of the elderly should realize human values.
Third, a project for the post-humanistic body of the elderly who participate in the exercise. The future body can be changed and reconstructed, and the limitation of the human body is overcome. And yet, it is necessary to exercise caution against unnecessary variation in the body by technological civilization and to pay attention to the cultivation of the dignity and identity of the elderly.
Ph. D. Thesis
Sports Philosophical Implications of
Exercising Elderly Body
Mi-Jung Lee
Department of Kinesiology
Graduate School
Yeungnam University
(Supervised by Professor Dong-Kyu Kim)
ABSTRACT
In the contemporary society, the way of life in the elderly has changed as standards for education and living increased, and as they pursue independent lives beyond the basic survival, there are increasing concerns and needs of active leisure activities and successful aging. Today, healthy and economically powerful new elderly generation has already appeared, and in reality, where the age of the elderly is subdivided, it is required to change the social awareness of the elderly and old age and to formulate new values about the body of the elderly. This study would investigate the philosophical value and meaning of the body of the elderly who participate in exercise and contribute to the establishment of a project for the body of the elderly who participate in exercise corresponding to that. As a result of a discussion of the status and bias of the body of the elderly and an exploration of the social and philosophical meaning of the body of the elderly who participate in exercise, it was found that the body of the elderly who participate in exercise realizes the cultural body with independence while is dominated by the discipline power, and based on this, the project for the body of the elderly who participate in exercise was proposed.
In the past, in Korean society, old people were guaranteed with social authority and could pursue a high level of life, based on the spirit of filial piety, respect for the elderly and Confucian culture. And yet, as the society changed into an industrial society where productivity and labor force were important, the status of the body of the elderly fell, and they came to be regarded as dependent and subordinate subjects to support. The elderly experience alienation from the central generations as their leading role is lost after retirement. In a capitalist society, the elderly fell down to inferior beings, which have material values of reduction. This negative perception of aging deepens the phenomena of the discrimination and alienation of the body of the elderly. It is required to increase the level of activity to overcome the phenomenon of the alienation of the body of the elderly. The elderly can pursue health through exercise and cultivate the subjectivity of the body. Exercise in the elderly should be the recovery of the naturalness of the body, breaking away from a dualistic perspective in which the body and the mind are separated. This is making use of a life value as a subject and furthermore, one can complete one’s own life. It is a suitable physical training to respect individuality by exercise in the elderly for the recovery of subjectivity and awaken the life force. In addition, the body of the elderly who participate in exercise has a personal value of successful aging and a social value of the realization of culture simultaneously. This study connected the characteristics of the meme theory, such as selection, imitation, and diffusion to cultural characteristics and analyzed the cultural structure of the body of the elderly who participate in an exercise with sociality, receptivity and publicity. Through this, it was found that exercise in the elderly is a means to maintain health and at the same time, a slice of culture. In the meantime, the body is controlled by power and knowledge, and one monitors one’s body by internalizing discipline. Prejudices about appearance and age act as a discipline power for the body of the elderly. That is to allow one to build up one’s body of social symbols oneself with the methods of discipline and education, instead of a coercive method. Since this is the loss of subjectivity for the body of the elderly and cruel treatment, it is necessary to break away from the body to be monitored to become the free body. Also, it is necessary to change from the body of social symbols to an individualized body. Based on the above details, three projects for the body of the elderly who participate in the exercise were proposed as follows:
First, a project for the ecological body of the elderly who participate in the exercise. The body constantly communicates with nature through physical activities, which becomes the recovery of human nature. The elderly should break away from excessive obsession to body care, recognize the aging process and become part of nature through asceticism and taking pleasure in acting in an honest way.
Second, a project for the humanistic body of the elderly who participate in the exercise. Exercise in the elderly provides an opportunity to recover sociality in addition to the maintenance of physical and mental health and realizes human values, like providing vitality to a helpless life. In the mechanized contemporary society, the physical activities of the elderly should realize human values.
Third, a project for the post-humanistic body of the elderly who participate in the exercise. The future body can be changed and reconstructed, and the limitation of the human body is overcome. And yet, it is necessary to exercise caution against unnecessary variation in the body by technological civilization and to pay attention to the cultivation of the dignity and identity of the elderly.
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