빛을 흡수하는 플라즈몬나노입자의 광 여기에 의해 열에너지가 생성되는 효과인 광열 전환은 온도의 국소적인 조절을 요구하는 다양한 생물학적 연구에 널리 적용된다. 예를 들어, 광열 전환 효과에 의해 생성 된 국소적인 열을 이용하여, 세포 행동 제어 및 생체 분자의 전달, 작은 분자 검출, 광열 치료 등에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는, ...
빛을 흡수하는 플라즈몬나노입자의 광 여기에 의해 열에너지가 생성되는 효과인 광열 전환은 온도의 국소적인 조절을 요구하는 다양한 생물학적 연구에 널리 적용된다. 예를 들어, 광열 전환 효과에 의해 생성 된 국소적인 열을 이용하여, 세포 행동 제어 및 생체 분자의 전달, 작은 분자 검출, 광열 치료 등에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는, 금 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과를 이용함으로써 약물 전달 효율 향상 및 고감도 분자 검출을 위한 두 가지 새로운 생물학적 적용기법을 제시하고자 하였다. 첫번째로, 패턴된 플라즈몬 기판을 사용하여 세포의 위치 지정 및 특정 파장의 빛을 조사하였을 때 플라즈몬 구조로 부터의 광열 전환 효과에 의해 약물 전달의 효율이 향상됨을 입증하였다. 적외선을 흡수하는 막대형 금 나노입자 및 폴리 라이신으로 구성된 원형의 패턴은 간단한 마이크로컨택트프린팅 방법을 사용하여 제작되었으며, 형성된 패턴 위로 세포를 위치시키기 위해 세포친화력을 지니는 폴리 라이신의 농도를 최적화 하였다. 적외선에 감응하는 패턴된 막대형 금 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과를 이용하여 패턴 위에 위치한 세포에만 시간 및 공간 특이적으로 약물이 전달될 수 있음을 단일세포 수준에서 관찰하였다. 결과적으로, 광열 전환 효과를 이용하여 6 배의 약물 전달 효율 향상을 달성할 수 있었다. 두번째로, 플라즈몬 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과에 의해 생성된 대류를 따라 형성되는 콜로이드 금 나노입자의 어셈블리를 이용하여 수용액에서 검출하고자 하는 표적 분자의 표면 증강 라만 산란 신호를 고감도로 감지할 수 있음을 입증하였다. 적외선에 감응하는 막대형 금 나노입자와 검출하고자 하는 표적분자는 광열 전환 효과에 의해 형성된 대류를 따라 빛이 조사된 표면 영역에서 신속하게 조립된다. 조립된 어셈블리로부터 표적 분자의 표면 증강 라만 산란 신호를 극대화 하기 위하여 금 나노입자의 농도와 표면 전하를 조절 하였다. 최적화 된 조건으로 형성된 어셈블리를 사용하여, 수용액에 분산 된 아밀로이드 베타펩타이드, 아데닌 및 글루코스와 같은 작은 생체 분자의 고유의 지문 스펙트럼을 샘플 건조 및 표지 분자 부착 등과 같은 전처리 단계 없이 액상에서 고감도로 검출 하였다. 또한, 물에 잘 용해되지 않는 난용성 환경 오염 물질인 벤조 피렌의 경우 아세톤을 용매로 사용하여 제안한 방법을 이용하여 어셈블리를 형성함으로써 라만 산란 신호 측정을 통해 고감도로 검출할 수 있었다. 금 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과를 이용하여 달성된 표적 세포로의 약물 전달의 획기적인 향상과 라만 산란 신호를 고감도 검출 하기 위한 빛을 이용한 콜로이드 어셈블리 형성은 다양한 생물학적 응용 뿐만 아니라 환경 모니터링 에도 폭 넓게적용 가능한 효율적인 방법을 제공 할 것으로 기대된다.
빛을 흡수하는 플라즈몬 나노입자의 광 여기에 의해 열에너지가 생성되는 효과인 광열 전환은 온도의 국소적인 조절을 요구하는 다양한 생물학적 연구에 널리 적용된다. 예를 들어, 광열 전환 효과에 의해 생성 된 국소적인 열을 이용하여, 세포 행동 제어 및 생체 분자의 전달, 작은 분자 검출, 광열 치료 등에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는, 금 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과를 이용함으로써 약물 전달 효율 향상 및 고감도 분자 검출을 위한 두 가지 새로운 생물학적 적용기법을 제시하고자 하였다. 첫번째로, 패턴된 플라즈몬 기판을 사용하여 세포의 위치 지정 및 특정 파장의 빛을 조사하였을 때 플라즈몬 구조로 부터의 광열 전환 효과에 의해 약물 전달의 효율이 향상됨을 입증하였다. 적외선을 흡수하는 막대형 금 나노입자 및 폴리 라이신으로 구성된 원형의 패턴은 간단한 마이크로컨택트프린팅 방법을 사용하여 제작되었으며, 형성된 패턴 위로 세포를 위치시키기 위해 세포친화력을 지니는 폴리 라이신의 농도를 최적화 하였다. 적외선에 감응하는 패턴된 막대형 금 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과를 이용하여 패턴 위에 위치한 세포에만 시간 및 공간 특이적으로 약물이 전달될 수 있음을 단일세포 수준에서 관찰하였다. 결과적으로, 광열 전환 효과를 이용하여 6 배의 약물 전달 효율 향상을 달성할 수 있었다. 두번째로, 플라즈몬 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과에 의해 생성된 대류를 따라 형성되는 콜로이드 금 나노입자의 어셈블리를 이용하여 수용액에서 검출하고자 하는 표적 분자의 표면 증강 라만 산란 신호를 고감도로 감지할 수 있음을 입증하였다. 적외선에 감응하는 막대형 금 나노입자와 검출하고자 하는 표적분자는 광열 전환 효과에 의해 형성된 대류를 따라 빛이 조사된 표면 영역에서 신속하게 조립된다. 조립된 어셈블리로부터 표적 분자의 표면 증강 라만 산란 신호를 극대화 하기 위하여 금 나노입자의 농도와 표면 전하를 조절 하였다. 최적화 된 조건으로 형성된 어셈블리를 사용하여, 수용액에 분산 된 아밀로이드 베타 펩타이드, 아데닌 및 글루코스와 같은 작은 생체 분자의 고유의 지문 스펙트럼을 샘플 건조 및 표지 분자 부착 등과 같은 전처리 단계 없이 액상에서 고감도로 검출 하였다. 또한, 물에 잘 용해되지 않는 난용성 환경 오염 물질인 벤조 피렌의 경우 아세톤을 용매로 사용하여 제안한 방법을 이용하여 어셈블리를 형성함으로써 라만 산란 신호 측정을 통해 고감도로 검출할 수 있었다. 금 나노입자의 광열 전환 효과를 이용하여 달성된 표적 세포로의 약물 전달의 획기적인 향상과 라만 산란 신호를 고감도 검출 하기 위한 빛을 이용한 콜로이드 어셈블리 형성은 다양한 생물학적 응용 뿐만 아니라 환경 모니터링 에도 폭 넓게적용 가능한 효율적인 방법을 제공 할 것으로 기대된다.
Photothermal conversion, an effect whereby thermal energy is produced by the photoexcitation of plasmonic nanoparticles that absorb light, is widely applied to various biological studies requiring the modulation of local temperature. For example, local heat generated by the photothermal conversion e...
Photothermal conversion, an effect whereby thermal energy is produced by the photoexcitation of plasmonic nanoparticles that absorb light, is widely applied to various biological studies requiring the modulation of local temperature. For example, local heat generated by the photothermal conversion effect can control cellular behavior and biomolecule delivery or small molecule detection, as well as hyperthermia. Herein, two novel biological applications were proposed for enhanced drug delivery to cells and sensitive molecular detection by exploiting the photothermal conversion effect of gold nanoparticles. First, a novel method was demonstrated for directed cell positioning and photothermally enhanced drug delivery to cells by using patterned plasmonic substrates. A plasmonic pattern composed of gold nanorods (GNRs) and poly-L-lysine was fabricated using a simple microcontact printing method and optimized for guided cell positioning on the circle patterns. Then, the photothermal conversion effect from the patterned GNRs was further utilized to facilitate the targeted temporal and spatial delivery of the drugs into the cells. When the resonant near infrared light was illuminated in the pattern of the GNRs, drug uptake was dramatically enhanced compared with non-illumination condition This application provides a new means to enhance molecular delivery into the target cell. Secondly, a novel way to detect strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals from liquid samples was developed via photothermal, convection-based, real-time and on-spot colloidal assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles. Under resonant light illumination, plasmonic gold nanoparticles and small molecules in liquid are quickly assembled at the focused surface area by means of the photothermal convection effect of the nanoparticles. Using the assemblies, finger-print spectra of small biomolecules, such as amyloid-β peptides, adenine and glucose dispersed in aqueous solution, were detected at low concentrations without the need for labeling and sample drying steps. In addition, intrinsic SERS signals of the water-insoluble environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, were detected using the light-induced, rapid colloidal assemblies of the gold nanoparticles in acetone. The proposed photothermally enhanced drug delivery and plasmon analysis protocols would provide new and efficient methodologies for biological applications such as drug delivery to target cell and sensitive detection of various small molecules.Photothermal conversion effect of plasmonic nanostructures is considered as a promising technique for cellular and molecular manipulations owing to controllability of local temperature. Therefore, this technique has been extensively applied to biological studies such as controlling cellular behavior, delivery of biologics, and biomolecular detection. Herein, a novel method was proposed for directed cell positioning and photothermally-modulated molecular delivery to the cells using plasmonic patterns. Plasmonic substrates with gold nanorods (GNRs) and cell adhesion molecules fabricated by microcontact printing were optimized for cellular positioning on designated patterns. Through the photothermal conversion effect of GNRs on the pattern, on-demand, light-induced delivery of drug molecules was further demonstrated to the target cells. It is expected that this approach will provide a new way to study single cellular behaviors and enhance molecular delivery to the target cells.Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a representative plasmon-based detection method for various small molecules. It is considered that SERS can detect small molecules via signal amplification of the electromagnetic field generated by photoexcitation of localized surface plasmons. In this regard, a variety of plasmonic structures have been utilized to enhance detection performance with regard to the accuracy, selectivity, reproducibility, and sensitivity of SERS-active structures. However, conventional methods for fabricating SERS-active plasmonic structures have complex, time-consuming steps, and involve the use of expensive instruments for lithography and metal deposition. In this study, a novel method was demonstrated to detect robust SERS signals from various small molecules by using on-spot colloidal assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles on solid surface via photothermal convection lithography. Under resonant light illumination, plasmonic nanoparticles and small molecules in liquid are quickly assembled, induced by the photothermal convection of the plasmonic nanoparticles at the focused surface area. The assemblies for SERS detection were optimized by varying the optical density and surface charge of the plasmonic particles, and light exposure time. Using the optimized conditions for the assemblies, intrinsic SERS signals of biomolecules (i.e., adenine, glucose, and amyloid-β peptide) and a water-insoluble environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, were detected using the light-induced, rapid colloidal assemblies formed in various solvents. It is expected that the proposed method can provide a new and powerful way to sensitively detect biologically and environmentally relevant small molecules in liquid samples.
Photothermal conversion, an effect whereby thermal energy is produced by the photoexcitation of plasmonic nanoparticles that absorb light, is widely applied to various biological studies requiring the modulation of local temperature. For example, local heat generated by the photothermal conversion effect can control cellular behavior and biomolecule delivery or small molecule detection, as well as hyperthermia. Herein, two novel biological applications were proposed for enhanced drug delivery to cells and sensitive molecular detection by exploiting the photothermal conversion effect of gold nanoparticles. First, a novel method was demonstrated for directed cell positioning and photothermally enhanced drug delivery to cells by using patterned plasmonic substrates. A plasmonic pattern composed of gold nanorods (GNRs) and poly-L-lysine was fabricated using a simple microcontact printing method and optimized for guided cell positioning on the circle patterns. Then, the photothermal conversion effect from the patterned GNRs was further utilized to facilitate the targeted temporal and spatial delivery of the drugs into the cells. When the resonant near infrared light was illuminated in the pattern of the GNRs, drug uptake was dramatically enhanced compared with non-illumination condition This application provides a new means to enhance molecular delivery into the target cell. Secondly, a novel way to detect strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) signals from liquid samples was developed via photothermal, convection-based, real-time and on-spot colloidal assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles. Under resonant light illumination, plasmonic gold nanoparticles and small molecules in liquid are quickly assembled at the focused surface area by means of the photothermal convection effect of the nanoparticles. Using the assemblies, finger-print spectra of small biomolecules, such as amyloid-β peptides, adenine and glucose dispersed in aqueous solution, were detected at low concentrations without the need for labeling and sample drying steps. In addition, intrinsic SERS signals of the water-insoluble environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, were detected using the light-induced, rapid colloidal assemblies of the gold nanoparticles in acetone. The proposed photothermally enhanced drug delivery and plasmon analysis protocols would provide new and efficient methodologies for biological applications such as drug delivery to target cell and sensitive detection of various small molecules.Photothermal conversion effect of plasmonic nanostructures is considered as a promising technique for cellular and molecular manipulations owing to controllability of local temperature. Therefore, this technique has been extensively applied to biological studies such as controlling cellular behavior, delivery of biologics, and biomolecular detection. Herein, a novel method was proposed for directed cell positioning and photothermally-modulated molecular delivery to the cells using plasmonic patterns. Plasmonic substrates with gold nanorods (GNRs) and cell adhesion molecules fabricated by microcontact printing were optimized for cellular positioning on designated patterns. Through the photothermal conversion effect of GNRs on the pattern, on-demand, light-induced delivery of drug molecules was further demonstrated to the target cells. It is expected that this approach will provide a new way to study single cellular behaviors and enhance molecular delivery to the target cells.Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a representative plasmon-based detection method for various small molecules. It is considered that SERS can detect small molecules via signal amplification of the electromagnetic field generated by photoexcitation of localized surface plasmons. In this regard, a variety of plasmonic structures have been utilized to enhance detection performance with regard to the accuracy, selectivity, reproducibility, and sensitivity of SERS-active structures. However, conventional methods for fabricating SERS-active plasmonic structures have complex, time-consuming steps, and involve the use of expensive instruments for lithography and metal deposition. In this study, a novel method was demonstrated to detect robust SERS signals from various small molecules by using on-spot colloidal assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles on solid surface via photothermal convection lithography. Under resonant light illumination, plasmonic nanoparticles and small molecules in liquid are quickly assembled, induced by the photothermal convection of the plasmonic nanoparticles at the focused surface area. The assemblies for SERS detection were optimized by varying the optical density and surface charge of the plasmonic particles, and light exposure time. Using the optimized conditions for the assemblies, intrinsic SERS signals of biomolecules (i.e., adenine, glucose, and amyloid-β peptide) and a water-insoluble environmental pollutant, benzo(a)pyrene, were detected using the light-induced, rapid colloidal assemblies formed in various solvents. It is expected that the proposed method can provide a new and powerful way to sensitively detect biologically and environmentally relevant small molecules in liquid samples.
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