The product density of Spent Coffee Grounds(SCG) was used to select the size of the dryer during the coffee coal development process, and the maximum required capacity was analyzed to be 5,660L. In the case of SCG with high moisture in the SCG-briquette development process, during transport, it is a...
The product density of Spent Coffee Grounds(SCG) was used to select the size of the dryer during the coffee coal development process, and the maximum required capacity was analyzed to be 5,660L. In the case of SCG with high moisture in the SCG-briquette development process, during transport, it is attached to the inner wall of the tank or transport pipe. Considering this, it is judged that the inner wall is made of a smooth material or a flat design should be made as possible. do. Through the test on the adhesion and cohesiveness of SCG, it was found that the cohesion and adhesion of SCG2 and SCG3 with low moisture content among 60% and 80% moisture content were high, and the cohesion and adhesion of SCG3 with fine particles at the same moisture content of 60% were high. It is judged that the moisture content and the particle size of the SCG should be considered first in order to maintain the proper durability (strength) of the SCG-briquette in the SCG-briquette manufacturing process. It is judged that it is not necessary to dry up to a parallel section of moisture content because the required moisture content of SCG is about 15% under the conditions of the SCG-briquette manufacturing process, and the moisture content can be adjusted in the transfer process and in the additional drying and conditioning process. Drying time can cause a delay in the whole process, so it is judged that drying at a higher temperature than a drying condition at a lower temperature is more efficient in the whole process. As for the SCG torrefaction conditions, among the four conditions with an energy yield of 80% or more, 270°C 30 minutes, 290°C 20 minutes, 230°C 50 minutes, and 250°C 40 minutes, 270°C 30 minutes with the highest mass yield is appropriate. was judged However, this corresponds to the lab scale experimental conditions, and a comprehensive review was required for the development of SCG. Considering the above, a planar design is required for the design factors of the SCG-briquette development pre-processing part, and it was judged that it would be efficient to use the same heat source for the drying part and the torrefaction part. In order to dry SCG at high temperature for a short period of time, it was determined that the torrefaction temperature should be significantly higher than the laboratory-scale experimental conditions.
The SCG-briquette pretreatment device developed in this study is: ① SCG supply hopper, that dries the SCG supplied at a constant speed and a fixed amount from the SCG supply hopper, ② SCG drying unit, carbonizes the SCG (torrefaction part), It consists of a carbonized gas re-burning heat dissipating unit that radiates heat while re-burning the carbonized gas generated in the SCG drying unit and the carbonizing unit. At the carbonization part temperature of 727℃, the drying part temperature of 247℃, and the scraper driving speed of 0.75 m/min, the carbide yield was the highest at 20 wt%, resulting in the highest energy efficiency. The SCG-briquette molding machine developed in this study was made based on the briquette molding machine using anthracite as a raw material. This is possible, and by supplementing the problems that may occur in the existing briquettes molding press, moisture and oil movement paths are secured for the molding of mixed raw materials. An additional hole was machined in the upper part of the mold, and only air and moisture were discharged from the SCG-briquette mixture by using a specially coated nylon-based ripstop fabric woven fabric. In addition, it was designed so that the drive unit and the mold can be detached for smooth SCG-briquette production. Using the SCG-briquette production preprocessor and SCG-briquette molding machine developed in this study, SCG-briquette was made at 5 levels (20%, 30%, 50%, 60%, 70%) according to the mixing ratio of the coffee grounds and compared with briquettes. analyzed. In the case of coffee coal, the CO and CO concentrations were measured to be 8 ~ 48 ppm (13% O) and 929 ~ 2180 ppm (13% O), and in the case of briquettes, the CO and CO concentrations were 995 ppm (13% O), 2900 ppm Measured in (13% O). In the case of NO and SO, the content of BA and KC was measured to be higher than that of SCG at 20%, but it was confirmed that they were emitted significantly lower than the emission standard. In a test comparing the duration and calorific value of SCG-briquette, the LHV (lower calorific value) of the briquettes was found to be 18.4 MJ/kg, and it was analyzed that the LHV of the SCG-briquettes increased as the SCG content increased. At SCG content of 20 and 30 wt%, LHV was similarly shown at 15.8 MJ/kg, SCG content of 50 wt% was 16.8 MJ/kg, 60 wt% was 17.1 MJ/kg, and 70 wt% was 19.7 MJ/kg. appeared the highest. For the SCG-briquettes formed with a weight of 2.9 kg, the combustion time was 570 min, and among the SCG-briquettes formed with a weight of 2.4 kg, the SCG content of 20 wt% was the longest with a combustion time of 555 min. The combustion time decreased as the SCG content of SCG-briquettes increased. The physical and chemical characteristic values of SCG-briquettes analyzed in accordance with Article 9 of Chapter 2 of the Quality Inspection Regulations for Coal and Coal Processed Products are the Sulfur content of the SCG-briquette, and the moisture content is the quality standard of anthracite ( Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy No. 17) and BIO-SRF quality standard (Ministry of Environment Examination No. 20) were all satisfied. The reason why the volatile matter content of anthracite is less than 7.0% in the quality standard was analyzed because the coal with high N and S components is oxidized and NO and SO harmful gases are generated. However, it has been reported that burning SCG mixed with coal fuel not only lowers the nitrogen content of biomass materials, but also reduces NOx emissions because of the synergistic effect on combustion (Koppejan, 2012). Ash content was higher than the quality standard of BIO-SRF and did not satisfy the quality standard, but the higher the ash content, the higher the stability of shape maintenance. In the case of LHV, it did not satisfy the anthracite quality standard, but it was found to satisfy the SRF quality standard, so it had value as a solid fuel. As a result of the coffee coal performance test with a briquette boiler for 50 hours, the 20wt.% SCG briquette showed that the sp-line temp was the highest at 49.2℃ and the lowest at 35.6℃. The inlet temperature (return temp) was maintained at an average of 3°C lower than the outlet temperature. During the test, the maximum indoor temperature (inside temp) was 27.2°C and the minimum 18.6°C, with the outlet temperature dropping rapidly immediately after SCG-briquette replacing, but the indoor temperature was not significantly affected. Considering the combustion state of the SCG-briquette and the internal temperature, it was analyzed that it was most effective when the SCG-briquette was ground at a cycle of 720 min. As a result of comparative testing of the SCG-briquettes, the highest temperature of the outlet temperature was 52.7 ℃, and the lowest temperature was measured to be 37.7 ℃. The inlet temperature was measured as the highest temperature of 49.3℃ and the lowest temperature of 36.1℃, and the average temperature difference between the outlet temperature and the inlet temperature was 3.3℃. The highest indoor temperature was measured to be 27.8°C and the lowest temperature was measured to be 21.1°C. The development of the SCG-briquette manufacturing process model was simulated using simulation modeling ARENA V16.0 (Rockwell Automation Inc., Pittsburgh, USA). As a result, the total production was calculated to be 15 tons based on 12 hours a day, and 3,600 tons of SCG-briquette is produced annually. The initial investment cost of the system was about 530 million won, and the annual usage cost was analyzed to be 1.12 billion won when the lifespan was set to 20 years. When the unit price of SCG-briquette produced was applied at 350 won/kg, the annual sales were 1.26 billion won, and the break-even point compared to the investment cost was analyzed to be about 4 years.
The product density of Spent Coffee Grounds(SCG) was used to select the size of the dryer during the coffee coal development process, and the maximum required capacity was analyzed to be 5,660L. In the case of SCG with high moisture in the SCG-briquette development process, during transport, it is attached to the inner wall of the tank or transport pipe. Considering this, it is judged that the inner wall is made of a smooth material or a flat design should be made as possible. do. Through the test on the adhesion and cohesiveness of SCG, it was found that the cohesion and adhesion of SCG2 and SCG3 with low moisture content among 60% and 80% moisture content were high, and the cohesion and adhesion of SCG3 with fine particles at the same moisture content of 60% were high. It is judged that the moisture content and the particle size of the SCG should be considered first in order to maintain the proper durability (strength) of the SCG-briquette in the SCG-briquette manufacturing process. It is judged that it is not necessary to dry up to a parallel section of moisture content because the required moisture content of SCG is about 15% under the conditions of the SCG-briquette manufacturing process, and the moisture content can be adjusted in the transfer process and in the additional drying and conditioning process. Drying time can cause a delay in the whole process, so it is judged that drying at a higher temperature than a drying condition at a lower temperature is more efficient in the whole process. As for the SCG torrefaction conditions, among the four conditions with an energy yield of 80% or more, 270°C 30 minutes, 290°C 20 minutes, 230°C 50 minutes, and 250°C 40 minutes, 270°C 30 minutes with the highest mass yield is appropriate. was judged However, this corresponds to the lab scale experimental conditions, and a comprehensive review was required for the development of SCG. Considering the above, a planar design is required for the design factors of the SCG-briquette development pre-processing part, and it was judged that it would be efficient to use the same heat source for the drying part and the torrefaction part. In order to dry SCG at high temperature for a short period of time, it was determined that the torrefaction temperature should be significantly higher than the laboratory-scale experimental conditions.
The SCG-briquette pretreatment device developed in this study is: ① SCG supply hopper, that dries the SCG supplied at a constant speed and a fixed amount from the SCG supply hopper, ② SCG drying unit, carbonizes the SCG (torrefaction part), It consists of a carbonized gas re-burning heat dissipating unit that radiates heat while re-burning the carbonized gas generated in the SCG drying unit and the carbonizing unit. At the carbonization part temperature of 727℃, the drying part temperature of 247℃, and the scraper driving speed of 0.75 m/min, the carbide yield was the highest at 20 wt%, resulting in the highest energy efficiency. The SCG-briquette molding machine developed in this study was made based on the briquette molding machine using anthracite as a raw material. This is possible, and by supplementing the problems that may occur in the existing briquettes molding press, moisture and oil movement paths are secured for the molding of mixed raw materials. An additional hole was machined in the upper part of the mold, and only air and moisture were discharged from the SCG-briquette mixture by using a specially coated nylon-based ripstop fabric woven fabric. In addition, it was designed so that the drive unit and the mold can be detached for smooth SCG-briquette production. Using the SCG-briquette production preprocessor and SCG-briquette molding machine developed in this study, SCG-briquette was made at 5 levels (20%, 30%, 50%, 60%, 70%) according to the mixing ratio of the coffee grounds and compared with briquettes. analyzed. In the case of coffee coal, the CO and CO concentrations were measured to be 8 ~ 48 ppm (13% O) and 929 ~ 2180 ppm (13% O), and in the case of briquettes, the CO and CO concentrations were 995 ppm (13% O), 2900 ppm Measured in (13% O). In the case of NO and SO, the content of BA and KC was measured to be higher than that of SCG at 20%, but it was confirmed that they were emitted significantly lower than the emission standard. In a test comparing the duration and calorific value of SCG-briquette, the LHV (lower calorific value) of the briquettes was found to be 18.4 MJ/kg, and it was analyzed that the LHV of the SCG-briquettes increased as the SCG content increased. At SCG content of 20 and 30 wt%, LHV was similarly shown at 15.8 MJ/kg, SCG content of 50 wt% was 16.8 MJ/kg, 60 wt% was 17.1 MJ/kg, and 70 wt% was 19.7 MJ/kg. appeared the highest. For the SCG-briquettes formed with a weight of 2.9 kg, the combustion time was 570 min, and among the SCG-briquettes formed with a weight of 2.4 kg, the SCG content of 20 wt% was the longest with a combustion time of 555 min. The combustion time decreased as the SCG content of SCG-briquettes increased. The physical and chemical characteristic values of SCG-briquettes analyzed in accordance with Article 9 of Chapter 2 of the Quality Inspection Regulations for Coal and Coal Processed Products are the Sulfur content of the SCG-briquette, and the moisture content is the quality standard of anthracite ( Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy No. 17) and BIO-SRF quality standard (Ministry of Environment Examination No. 20) were all satisfied. The reason why the volatile matter content of anthracite is less than 7.0% in the quality standard was analyzed because the coal with high N and S components is oxidized and NO and SO harmful gases are generated. However, it has been reported that burning SCG mixed with coal fuel not only lowers the nitrogen content of biomass materials, but also reduces NOx emissions because of the synergistic effect on combustion (Koppejan, 2012). Ash content was higher than the quality standard of BIO-SRF and did not satisfy the quality standard, but the higher the ash content, the higher the stability of shape maintenance. In the case of LHV, it did not satisfy the anthracite quality standard, but it was found to satisfy the SRF quality standard, so it had value as a solid fuel. As a result of the coffee coal performance test with a briquette boiler for 50 hours, the 20wt.% SCG briquette showed that the sp-line temp was the highest at 49.2℃ and the lowest at 35.6℃. The inlet temperature (return temp) was maintained at an average of 3°C lower than the outlet temperature. During the test, the maximum indoor temperature (inside temp) was 27.2°C and the minimum 18.6°C, with the outlet temperature dropping rapidly immediately after SCG-briquette replacing, but the indoor temperature was not significantly affected. Considering the combustion state of the SCG-briquette and the internal temperature, it was analyzed that it was most effective when the SCG-briquette was ground at a cycle of 720 min. As a result of comparative testing of the SCG-briquettes, the highest temperature of the outlet temperature was 52.7 ℃, and the lowest temperature was measured to be 37.7 ℃. The inlet temperature was measured as the highest temperature of 49.3℃ and the lowest temperature of 36.1℃, and the average temperature difference between the outlet temperature and the inlet temperature was 3.3℃. The highest indoor temperature was measured to be 27.8°C and the lowest temperature was measured to be 21.1°C. The development of the SCG-briquette manufacturing process model was simulated using simulation modeling ARENA V16.0 (Rockwell Automation Inc., Pittsburgh, USA). As a result, the total production was calculated to be 15 tons based on 12 hours a day, and 3,600 tons of SCG-briquette is produced annually. The initial investment cost of the system was about 530 million won, and the annual usage cost was analyzed to be 1.12 billion won when the lifespan was set to 20 years. When the unit price of SCG-briquette produced was applied at 350 won/kg, the annual sales were 1.26 billion won, and the break-even point compared to the investment cost was analyzed to be about 4 years.
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