(Abstract)
With the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, many achievements have been made in the road transportation industry. The proportion of fatalities in traffic accidents in the number of fatalities in work safety accidents is on the rise as a whole, indicating that the...
(Abstract)
With the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, many achievements have been made in the road transportation industry. The proportion of fatalities in traffic accidents in the number of fatalities in work safety accidents is on the rise as a whole, indicating that the severity of traffic accidents is escalating, and the traffic safety situation is not yet optimistic. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents is an urgent problem for road workers. Taking China's highway accident-prone sections as the research object, in view of the current traffic safety situation, this paper proposes "color pavement with bionic design concept", a road warning form with traffic safety auxiliary function. Provide drivers with a new driving environment, use the color warning function, set warning graphics, colors or warning pavements on the road, and actively intervene in the driver's driving psychology to improve driving behavior and reduce traffic accidents.
In the theoretical part, the concepts of color perception and bionic design are sorted out, and the concept of biological hazard warning color is proposed according to the bionic principle of warning color. The warning color will cause a visual warning, and its bright and dazzling body color will become an early warning signal to achieve the purpose of avoiding danger. The bionic design of colored pavement using this characteristic of creatures will produce the same warning signal to the driver, which will produce significant engineering effects; through the psychological semantics of color physiology and the influence of different colors on its alertness level, the relationship between color and driver physiology will be established. The interrelationship generated by psychology provides physiological and psychological basis for the bionic design of colored pavement.
Secondly, the concept of color pavement marking is expounded and its constituent elements are analyzed, which are mainly composed of three parts: information element, carrier form, and spatial position. The information elements of color pavement signs are mainly composed of color information elements and graphic information elements, and symbols are used as information communication media, and their information is mainly visual symbol information. Management information, a safety management facility used to control and direct traffic;
Finally, the theoretical investigation of the factors affecting safe driving is discussed in depth. Study the influence of the driver's driving characteristics and psychological characteristics on traffic accidents, study the driver's driving characteristics, and analyze the relationship between driving psychology, driving vision and traffic safety, in which the driver's information processing affects safe driving. The key factor. The prevention of traffic accidents should be based on the physiological and psychological role of the driver, so as to interfere with the driver's driving behavior. This is the root of prevention from the perspective of the driver's subjective initiative.
In the case analysis part, regarding the positioning of the accident-prone sections of China's highways, the road traffic safety status was analyzed and evaluated, and the main accident-prone sections were classified into 4 categories: long downhill sections, tunnel entrance sections, long straight sections, On the ramp section of the expressway, summarize the characteristics of the accident-prone sections, and sort out the different factors that affect the driver's safe driving in different sections.
Secondly, the cases of bionic design of colored pavements in accident-prone sections are collected and sorted out. According to the principles of color perception, psychology, physiology and bionics, taking the warning color creature as the main bionic object, and extracting the interaction relationship between the warning color and visual information according to its characteristics, the bionic design method of color pavement marking is studied. The bionic forms of bionics + monochromatic bionics”, “color rendering bionics + multi-color bionics” and graphic bionic forms of “figurative form bionics”, “order structure bionics”, and “abstract bionics” are targeted for 4 accident-prone road sections analysis. The analysis of accidents on the highway accident-prone sections shows that people's driving behavior is the main factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents, and paving colored pavement on the accident-prone sections can help drivers to obtain information and prevent traffic accidents. The visual symbol of the colored road marking, the driver's recognition, warning, attention and the interaction with the driver's psychology and physiology, thus affecting the driver, changing the driver's behavior, and achieving the purpose of safe driving.
In the research plan and empirical analysis part, the first step is to measure the heart rate growth rate of ECG signals, LF/HF and HFnorm indicators through simulation experiments, and analyze the color road warning effect of different colors. The changes of , LF/HF and HFnorm when entering these four accident-prone sections, combined with the changes of indicators, make a specific analysis of the changes in the driver's cardiophysiology when they enter the accident-prone section when they pass through the colored road. It is shown that paving colored pavement in sections is obviously helpful to improve the driver's attention and alertness, and enables the driver to make safety adjustments to his visual behavior, psychological behavior and vehicle handling behavior. So as to achieve the purpose of driving safely and reducing traffic accidents.
The second is to identify research questions and research methods. Among them, frequency analysis explores demographic characteristics; reliability and validity analyzes the reliability and accuracy of scales. descriptive analysis explores mean analysis between dimensions; one-way analysis of variance explores differences between dimensions of different demographic characteristics. Multiple linear regression explores research issues, focusing on three main issues: color road surface on drivers' psychological feelings, driving behavior, and whether drivers' psychological feelings have an impact on driving behavior; principal component analysis mainly discusses the comprehensive score ranking analysis of each road section and each scheme.
The last is empirical analysis. The first is to descriptively analyze the distribution of basic demographic characteristics of the respondents of the formal questionnaire and to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The second is to analyze the color symbols, graphic symbols, The mean value analysis of attention, recognition, vigilance and driving behavior scores, and the difference analysis of these six dimensions under different demographic characteristics. The second is to study and verify the research questions, whether the colored road has any influence on the driver's psychological feeling, driving behavior, and whether the driver's psychological feeling has any influence on the driving behavior. Finally, under the analysis of different road sections, principal component analysis extracts the important components to obtain the comprehensive score of each scheme, and sorts the road section design schemes to obtain the road features that rank in the front of the scheme.
In the conclusion part, the research results are summarized and the research significance is put forward; finally, the color pavement design strategy is proposed and the future research direction and suggestions are given.
Key words:Bionic Design;colorful pavement;driving behavior;driving psychology
(Abstract)
With the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, many achievements have been made in the road transportation industry. The proportion of fatalities in traffic accidents in the number of fatalities in work safety accidents is on the rise as a whole, indicating that the severity of traffic accidents is escalating, and the traffic safety situation is not yet optimistic. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents is an urgent problem for road workers. Taking China's highway accident-prone sections as the research object, in view of the current traffic safety situation, this paper proposes "color pavement with bionic design concept", a road warning form with traffic safety auxiliary function. Provide drivers with a new driving environment, use the color warning function, set warning graphics, colors or warning pavements on the road, and actively intervene in the driver's driving psychology to improve driving behavior and reduce traffic accidents.
In the theoretical part, the concepts of color perception and bionic design are sorted out, and the concept of biological hazard warning color is proposed according to the bionic principle of warning color. The warning color will cause a visual warning, and its bright and dazzling body color will become an early warning signal to achieve the purpose of avoiding danger. The bionic design of colored pavement using this characteristic of creatures will produce the same warning signal to the driver, which will produce significant engineering effects; through the psychological semantics of color physiology and the influence of different colors on its alertness level, the relationship between color and driver physiology will be established. The interrelationship generated by psychology provides physiological and psychological basis for the bionic design of colored pavement.
Secondly, the concept of color pavement marking is expounded and its constituent elements are analyzed, which are mainly composed of three parts: information element, carrier form, and spatial position. The information elements of color pavement signs are mainly composed of color information elements and graphic information elements, and symbols are used as information communication media, and their information is mainly visual symbol information. Management information, a safety management facility used to control and direct traffic;
Finally, the theoretical investigation of the factors affecting safe driving is discussed in depth. Study the influence of the driver's driving characteristics and psychological characteristics on traffic accidents, study the driver's driving characteristics, and analyze the relationship between driving psychology, driving vision and traffic safety, in which the driver's information processing affects safe driving. The key factor. The prevention of traffic accidents should be based on the physiological and psychological role of the driver, so as to interfere with the driver's driving behavior. This is the root of prevention from the perspective of the driver's subjective initiative.
In the case analysis part, regarding the positioning of the accident-prone sections of China's highways, the road traffic safety status was analyzed and evaluated, and the main accident-prone sections were classified into 4 categories: long downhill sections, tunnel entrance sections, long straight sections, On the ramp section of the expressway, summarize the characteristics of the accident-prone sections, and sort out the different factors that affect the driver's safe driving in different sections.
Secondly, the cases of bionic design of colored pavements in accident-prone sections are collected and sorted out. According to the principles of color perception, psychology, physiology and bionics, taking the warning color creature as the main bionic object, and extracting the interaction relationship between the warning color and visual information according to its characteristics, the bionic design method of color pavement marking is studied. The bionic forms of bionics + monochromatic bionics”, “color rendering bionics + multi-color bionics” and graphic bionic forms of “figurative form bionics”, “order structure bionics”, and “abstract bionics” are targeted for 4 accident-prone road sections analysis. The analysis of accidents on the highway accident-prone sections shows that people's driving behavior is the main factor in the occurrence of traffic accidents, and paving colored pavement on the accident-prone sections can help drivers to obtain information and prevent traffic accidents. The visual symbol of the colored road marking, the driver's recognition, warning, attention and the interaction with the driver's psychology and physiology, thus affecting the driver, changing the driver's behavior, and achieving the purpose of safe driving.
In the research plan and empirical analysis part, the first step is to measure the heart rate growth rate of ECG signals, LF/HF and HFnorm indicators through simulation experiments, and analyze the color road warning effect of different colors. The changes of , LF/HF and HFnorm when entering these four accident-prone sections, combined with the changes of indicators, make a specific analysis of the changes in the driver's cardiophysiology when they enter the accident-prone section when they pass through the colored road. It is shown that paving colored pavement in sections is obviously helpful to improve the driver's attention and alertness, and enables the driver to make safety adjustments to his visual behavior, psychological behavior and vehicle handling behavior. So as to achieve the purpose of driving safely and reducing traffic accidents.
The second is to identify research questions and research methods. Among them, frequency analysis explores demographic characteristics; reliability and validity analyzes the reliability and accuracy of scales. descriptive analysis explores mean analysis between dimensions; one-way analysis of variance explores differences between dimensions of different demographic characteristics. Multiple linear regression explores research issues, focusing on three main issues: color road surface on drivers' psychological feelings, driving behavior, and whether drivers' psychological feelings have an impact on driving behavior; principal component analysis mainly discusses the comprehensive score ranking analysis of each road section and each scheme.
The last is empirical analysis. The first is to descriptively analyze the distribution of basic demographic characteristics of the respondents of the formal questionnaire and to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. The second is to analyze the color symbols, graphic symbols, The mean value analysis of attention, recognition, vigilance and driving behavior scores, and the difference analysis of these six dimensions under different demographic characteristics. The second is to study and verify the research questions, whether the colored road has any influence on the driver's psychological feeling, driving behavior, and whether the driver's psychological feeling has any influence on the driving behavior. Finally, under the analysis of different road sections, principal component analysis extracts the important components to obtain the comprehensive score of each scheme, and sorts the road section design schemes to obtain the road features that rank in the front of the scheme.
In the conclusion part, the research results are summarized and the research significance is put forward; finally, the color pavement design strategy is proposed and the future research direction and suggestions are given.
Key words:Bionic Design;colorful pavement;driving behavior;driving psychology
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