Zinc intake and status of South Koreans from rural, urban and metropolitan areas were investigated. The dietary habits of 760 healthy male and female adult subjects with a mean age of 54 were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and were verified using 24 h dietary recall. Daily Zn intakes ...
Zinc intake and status of South Koreans from rural, urban and metropolitan areas were investigated. The dietary habits of 760 healthy male and female adult subjects with a mean age of 54 were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and were verified using 24 h dietary recall. Daily Zn intakes for men and women were 7.4$\pm$5.4 mg and 7.0$\pm$5.4 mg, respectively, which were 62% and 70% of the Korean RDA. The phytate : zinc and phytate ${\times}$ calcium : zinc molar ratios were 38 and 398, respectively. Both the low intake of zinc and the high extremely phytate and phytate ${\times}$ calcium ratios with Zinc suggest that South Koreans may be at risk of zinc deficiency. Plasma zinc (86$\pm$61 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dL), urinary zinc (33$\pm$27 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dL) and plasma alkaline phosphatase (102$\pm$52 mU/mL) levels within the normal range did not however suggest marked Zinc deficiency in these subjects. However, conventional zinc biomarkers aye known to be unreliable for assessment of marginal zinc deficiency. Based on zinc intake alone, it is likely that at least a proportion of these subjects were marginally zinc deficient and the wider consumption of zinc rich, phytate deficient foods, particularly in rural areas, would be beneficial.
Zinc intake and status of South Koreans from rural, urban and metropolitan areas were investigated. The dietary habits of 760 healthy male and female adult subjects with a mean age of 54 were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and were verified using 24 h dietary recall. Daily Zn intakes for men and women were 7.4$\pm$5.4 mg and 7.0$\pm$5.4 mg, respectively, which were 62% and 70% of the Korean RDA. The phytate : zinc and phytate ${\times}$ calcium : zinc molar ratios were 38 and 398, respectively. Both the low intake of zinc and the high extremely phytate and phytate ${\times}$ calcium ratios with Zinc suggest that South Koreans may be at risk of zinc deficiency. Plasma zinc (86$\pm$61 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dL), urinary zinc (33$\pm$27 $\mu\textrm{g}$/dL) and plasma alkaline phosphatase (102$\pm$52 mU/mL) levels within the normal range did not however suggest marked Zinc deficiency in these subjects. However, conventional zinc biomarkers aye known to be unreliable for assessment of marginal zinc deficiency. Based on zinc intake alone, it is likely that at least a proportion of these subjects were marginally zinc deficient and the wider consumption of zinc rich, phytate deficient foods, particularly in rural areas, would be beneficial.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
제안 방법
0) (2). Intake for zinc and phytate, which are not present in CAN Pro 2.0 program, were analyzed using food composition tables, databases, a cross-referenced index, and various values from the literature. The procedure for calculation of zinc, calcium, phytate and phytate : zinc molar ratio has been described previously (3, 5, 6).
Selected anthropometric measurements were made; height and body weight were measured with the subjects wearing light clothing and no shoes. Body fat was measured using a body composition analyzer (inBody 3.
In the same way, the zinc intake information for the previous study may have been incomplete, data for calcium and phytic acid, both of which inhibit zinc absorption, are also likely to have been incomplete. The aims of the present study therefore included a more complete estimation of these zinc absorption inhibitors.
대상 데이터
Precautions were taken to avoid zinc contamination during the collection and analyses of the samples. Samples from 10 — 15 subjects were pooled for analysis. The accuracy and precision of all analytical methods were checked by analyzing a standard reference material (1577b, bovine liver, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, USA).
The subjects (total 760, men 341 and women 416) aged between 40 and 65 yrs were randomly selected from the register of the 2000 ~ 2001 Health Promotion Project in the Andong and Taegu Public Center, supported by Ministry of Health and Welfare. The study was conducted between September 2000 and May 2001. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of Andong National University and written consent was obtained from each subject after the aim of the study had been explained to them.
The subjects in this study were recruited from three different areas (Andong County, Andong City, and Daegu City) representing rural, city and metropolitan city populations, which were reported to be ca 2.6, 190, and 2, 540 thousand people, respectively, at the time of the study. The subjects (total 760, men 341 and women 416) aged between 40 and 65 yrs were randomly selected from the register of the 2000 ~ 2001 Health Promotion Project in the Andong and Taegu Public Center, supported by Ministry of Health and Welfare.
데이터처리
Statistical analyses were performed with the statistical package SPSS. The mean difference between men and women was analyzed using an unpaired Student's f-test at p<0.
Statistical analyses were performed with the statistical package SPSS. The mean difference between men and women was analyzed using an unpaired Student's f-test at p<0.05.
이론/모형
The FFQ, which contained 38 food items, included the major food sources and major zinc-con- taining food items which are commonly consumed by Koreans during the four seasons of each year. In order to verify the reliability and reproducibility of the FFQ, a 24-h recall test was also used.
125 M HC1 (Fluka, BiRhs, Switzerland). Protein level in RBCs was also measured using Lowry method (7). The collected hair and nail clippings were washed thoroughly and were wet-digested for element analyses.
성능/효과
Firstly, the study focused on aging subjects (mean age 54 yrs), and older people generally eat less food. The mean energy intake of the subjects in this study was 1478.4 kcal (75% of the Korean RDA), indicating a lower food intake and therefore a low intake of all nutrients including zinc. South Koreans in this study consumed zinc (7.
Using the data obtained by trained dieticians over a 2-day period in 2000 households, the dietary zinc intakes from the 214 most consumed foods were calculated. The results of this study suggest that dietary zinc intake in large cities is around 80% the Korean RDA for zinc, but that in rural areas, the mean zinc intake is only around 60% of the RDA. What this study did not show was gender- and age-related differences in zinc intake, and since it was only possible to obtain data from foods included in the Survey, the estimation of zinc intake may have been incomplete.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.