[논문]염수의 탈염을 위한 전기투석 농축실에서의 스케일 형성

문승현; 양정훈; 연경호

염수의 탈염을 위한 전기투석 농축실에서의 스케일 형성
Scale Formation in the Concentrate Compartment of an Electrodialysis Stack During Desalination of Brackish Water 원문보기

멤브레인 = Membrane Journal, v.15 no.2, 2005년, pp.175 - 186

문승현 (광주과학기술원 환경공학과) , 양정훈 (광주과학기술원 환경공학과) , 연경호 (광주과학기술원 환경공학과)

초록
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전기투석 공정에서 이온교환막 표면에 형성되는 스케일 영향을 조사하기 위해 장기간 동안 운전되었다. 탈염공정 동안, $Ca^{2+}$과 $SO_4^{2-}$ 이온의 농도는 농축실에서 연속적으로 증가하였으며 양이온교환막(Neosepta CMX)표면에 침전이 발생하였다. 초기 스케일 형성동안, 공정성능과 막 특성의 변화는 농축실 염농도 증가에 기인하여 일어나는 양이온교환막의 하계전류밀도가 감소하는 것을 제외하곤 미미하였다. 공정운전이 진행됨에 따라 양이온교환막의 한계전류밀도는 물의 해리 현상이 진행되어 $300\;A/m^2$까지 감소하였다. 막 오염은 농축실에서 양이온교환막 표면에 형성된 스케일과 물의 해리현상에 의해 유발된다는 결론을 얻었으며, 이러한 스케일 형성은 $CaSO_4$의 용해도에 의해 예측 가능한 것을 알 수 있었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

An electrodialysis process was operated for a long period to investigate the scale formation on the membrane surface. During the desalination process, concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ and $SO_4^{2-}$ ions increased continuously in the concentrate compartment and eventually caused precipitation on the cation exchange membrane (Neosepta CMX) surface. During the initial scale formation, the performance of the process and membrane characteristics did not show significant changes, except the decrease in limiting current density of the CMX membrane occurring due to increase in the salt concentration in the concentrate compartment. Eventually, the limiting current density of the fouled CMX membrane dropped significantly to $300\;A/m^2$ as water dissociation occurred in the CMX membrane. It was concluded that the fouling was caused mainly by the scale formation on the cation exchange membrane surface in the concentrate and consequent water dissociation. Also the scale formation was reasonably predicted by the solubility of $CaSO_4$.

주제어

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가설 설정

In this study, we investigated the fouling mechanism of electrodialysis in terms of the limiting salt concentration within the concentrate during the desalination of brackish water. Also, the scale layer that formed on the CMX membrane surface itself did not have an effect on the process efficiency.

제안 방법

In this experiment, an automatic electrodialysis system was used for the observation of fouling caused by the inorganic materials in the brackish water. The experimental set up is shown in Fig.
Therefore, it is meaningful to identify the conditions under which the scale is formed and the effect of the scale on an electrodialysis process. In this study, we have investigated the effect of insoluble salts on the process efficiency for a long-period electrodialysis operation to desalinate brackish water by using an automatic electrodialysis system. Furthermore, some phenomena following the formation of scale layers on the membrane surface were observed and analyzed.
The desalination experiment was performed 니sing the stack consisting of two cell pairs with both AMX and CMX membranes (Fig. 1). The AMX and CMX mem branes were selected based on their high mechanical strength allowing for a long-term operation.

대상 데이터

The zeta potential of the membrane surface was obtained by measuring electrophoretic mobility of a standard particle, polystyrene latex (Diameter 52 nm, Otsuka Electronics, Japan) coated with HPC (MW 300, 000, Scientific Polymer Products, Japan). For this experiment, a microelectrophoresis cell unit (ELS-600, Otsuka Electronics, Japan) was used. The dependence of the zeta potential on pH was also determined for the cation exchange membrane.
The AMX and CMX mem branes were selected based on their high mechanical strength allowing for a long-term operation. The stack included seven compartments and the outer compartments contained electrodes, i.e., a platinum anode and a stainless steel cathode. Alternating the AMX and CMX membranes separated the concentrate and the diluate compartments.

참고문헌 (21)

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원문보기 상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
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상세보기
I. Atamanenko, A. Kryvoruchko, L. Yurlova, and E. Tsapiuk, 'Study of the $CaSO_4$ deposits in the presence of scale inhibitors,' Desalination, 147, 257 (2002)
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