국내산저서단각류 Mandibulophoxus mai와 Monocorophium acherusicum의 생존, 성장 및 민감도에 대한 온도의 영향 Influence of Temperature on the Survival, Growth and Sensitivity of Benthic Amphipods, Mandibulophoxus mai and Monocorophium acherusicum원문보기
본 연구는 최근 한국에서 퇴적물 독성 실험생물로 개발되고 있는 저서 단각류 Mandibulophoxus mai와 Monocorophium acherusicum의 생존과 성장 및 민감도(sensitivity)에 대한 온도의 영향를 평가하기 위한 일련의 실험으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 각 실험 단각류의 생물학적 영향으로 각기 다른 수온 조건에서의 생존과 성장률을 통해 결정하였다. 표준 독성물질인 카트뮴(Cd)을 평가하는데 있어서 독성 민감도에 대한 온도의 영향은 각기 다른 온도에서 카드뮴이 첨가되지 않은 해수와 카드뮴이 첨가된 해수에 노출된 단각류의 생존률을 비교하여 결정하였다. 연구결과, 온도는 두 실험 단각규 모두의 생존, 성장 및 카드뮴 민감도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 평가되었다(p<0.05). 두 실험종 모두 80％이상의 생존율을 보인 온도범위는 13-22℃인 것으로 확인되었다. 두 실험종의 일일 성장률은 M. mai의 경우 20℃, M. acherusicum의 경우 25℃에서 다른 온도 조건에 비해 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 반면, Cd 민감노에 대한 영향은 M. mai는 20℃, M. acherusicum은 15℃가 다른 온도 조건에 비해 상대적으로 큰 것으로 평가되었다. 이상의 연구 결과에 근거할 때, 온도는 단각규를 이용한 치사 및 반치사 생물 검정 연구에 있어 매우 중요한 변수인 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서, 독성평가에 활용되는 생물종에 대한 적절한 실험 온도 범위를 결정하는 것은 표준 독성시험법을 개발하는데 우선적으로 고려되어야 학 사항인 것으로 사료된다.
본 연구는 최근 한국에서 퇴적물 독성 실험생물로 개발되고 있는 저서 단각류 Mandibulophoxus mai와 Monocorophium acherusicum의 생존과 성장 및 민감도(sensitivity)에 대한 온도의 영향를 평가하기 위한 일련의 실험으로 수행되었다. 본 연구에 사용된 각 실험 단각류의 생물학적 영향으로 각기 다른 수온 조건에서의 생존과 성장률을 통해 결정하였다. 표준 독성물질인 카트뮴(Cd)을 평가하는데 있어서 독성 민감도에 대한 온도의 영향은 각기 다른 온도에서 카드뮴이 첨가되지 않은 해수와 카드뮴이 첨가된 해수에 노출된 단각류의 생존률을 비교하여 결정하였다. 연구결과, 온도는 두 실험 단각규 모두의 생존, 성장 및 카드뮴 민감도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 평가되었다(p<0.05). 두 실험종 모두 80％이상의 생존율을 보인 온도범위는 13-22℃인 것으로 확인되었다. 두 실험종의 일일 성장률은 M. mai의 경우 20℃, M. acherusicum의 경우 25℃에서 다른 온도 조건에 비해 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 반면, Cd 민감노에 대한 영향은 M. mai는 20℃, M. acherusicum은 15℃가 다른 온도 조건에 비해 상대적으로 큰 것으로 평가되었다. 이상의 연구 결과에 근거할 때, 온도는 단각규를 이용한 치사 및 반치사 생물 검정 연구에 있어 매우 중요한 변수인 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서, 독성평가에 활용되는 생물종에 대한 적절한 실험 온도 범위를 결정하는 것은 표준 독성시험법을 개발하는데 우선적으로 고려되어야 학 사항인 것으로 사료된다.
A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature on the survival, growth and sensitivity of the benthic amphipods, Mandibuluphoxus mai and Monocnrophium acherusicum, which have been recently developed as new sediment toxicity testing species in Korea. The biological perfo...
A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature on the survival, growth and sensitivity of the benthic amphipods, Mandibuluphoxus mai and Monocnrophium acherusicum, which have been recently developed as new sediment toxicity testing species in Korea. The biological performance for each amphipod species was determined by the survival and growth rates at different water temperatures. The influence of temperature on the sensitivity to reference toxicant, Cd, was determined by the comparison of survival rates of amphipods exposed to control and Cd-spiked seawater at different temperatures. Temperature significantly influenced on the survival, growth and Cd sensitivity of both amphipods. Tolerable ranges of temperature for the >80％ individuals of both M. mai and M. acherusicum with sediment substrates were mostly overlapped (13 to 22℃). The daily growth rates of M. mai and M. acherkisicum increased proportionally with temperature up to 20℃ and 25℃. respectively. Similarly, the sensitivities of M. mai and M. acheyusicum to Cd increased with temperature up to 20℃ and 15℃, respectively. Overall results showed that temperature is a substantially important factor potentially influencing the results of lethal and sublethal bioassays using the amphipods. Therefore, defining the adequate ranges of experimental temperature for the toxicity testing species is the pre-requisite for the development of standardized bioassay protocols.
A series of experiments was conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature on the survival, growth and sensitivity of the benthic amphipods, Mandibuluphoxus mai and Monocnrophium acherusicum, which have been recently developed as new sediment toxicity testing species in Korea. The biological performance for each amphipod species was determined by the survival and growth rates at different water temperatures. The influence of temperature on the sensitivity to reference toxicant, Cd, was determined by the comparison of survival rates of amphipods exposed to control and Cd-spiked seawater at different temperatures. Temperature significantly influenced on the survival, growth and Cd sensitivity of both amphipods. Tolerable ranges of temperature for the >80％ individuals of both M. mai and M. acherusicum with sediment substrates were mostly overlapped (13 to 22℃). The daily growth rates of M. mai and M. acherkisicum increased proportionally with temperature up to 20℃ and 25℃. respectively. Similarly, the sensitivities of M. mai and M. acheyusicum to Cd increased with temperature up to 20℃ and 15℃, respectively. Overall results showed that temperature is a substantially important factor potentially influencing the results of lethal and sublethal bioassays using the amphipods. Therefore, defining the adequate ranges of experimental temperature for the toxicity testing species is the pre-requisite for the development of standardized bioassay protocols.
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가설 설정
mai after the incubation in control (light bar) and Cd-spiked water (dark bar; 0.5 mg/L) for 4 days under 5 different temperature conditions (13, 17, 20, 22 and 25℃) and (b) nor malized survival rates of M. mai exposed to Cd to control mortality at each temperature. Error bars indicate standard deviations (N=3).
제안 방법
Salinity was maintained at 30±l psu and dissolved oxygen was main tained over 80%. Test seawaters were exchanged twice a week for the survival and growth tests with sediment substrates or exchanged everyday for Cd-spiked water-only tests. Negative control was always added to each experiment to confirm the acceptability of test animals condition and the experimental procedure.
대상 데이터
acherusicum at 8 temperatures (5, 10, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25 and 30℃) for 10 days. Twenty individuals of amphipod species were introduced into each replicate beaker and four replicates were employed for each temperature treatment. Overlying seawater was continuously aerated and an individual of both M.
데이터처리
Student t-tests and ANOVA tests were conducted using SPSS® to compare means of survival and growth rate data among treat ments. The median lethal time values (LT50) were estimated for M.
성능/효과
[1998]), and consequently the toxic responses of test animals to pollutants can be also influenced by temperature. Results in the present study showed that the sensitivities of M. mai and M. acherusicum to aqueous Cd varied significantly among different water tempera tures. The survival rates after 96-h exposure to spiked Cd signif icantly decreased from 13 to 20℃ for M.
The survival rates (%) of M. acherusicum in control did not vary from 5 to 15℃ and mostly >95%, and decreased to 40% with increasing temperature to 25℃ after the 4-d incubation period, however, those of M. acherusicum exposed to Cd-spiked seawater (1.0 mg/L) decreased proportionally depending on temperature across the whole temperature range (5 to 30℃).
mai at the lowest and highest temperature was considerably higher for the Cd-spiked treatments compared to controls. The survival rates (%) of M. mai in control seawaters were near 100% in the range of 13 to 20℃, and those were decreased to 87% at 22 and 25℃ in the water-only experiment after the 4-d incubation period, while those of M. mai exposed to Cd-spiked seawater (0.5 mg/L) decreased from 87 to 33% with increasing temperature from 13 to 25℃ (Fig. 4a). The survival rates of M.
후속연구
Contaminated sediments usually contain the mixture of various pollutants. Therefore, the influence of temperature on the sen sitivity of amphipods to various pollutants should be evaluated further to find out more adequate test conditions for sediment bioassays using the indigenous amphipods, M. mai and M. acherusicum.
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