세계화의 영향으로 한국 패션 기업들은 생산기지를 해외로 이전하고 있다. 해외 시장 진입 방식은 자원상의 제한과 초기 선택 변경의 어려움을 특징으로 한다. 따라서 해외 시장 진입에 작용하는 다양한 요인들을 분석하는 것은 해외 시장에서의 성공과 직결된다. 본 연구는 해외 진출 이론의 하나인 Dunning의 OLI 패러다임(절충주의) 이론을 패션 산업에 적용해, 패션 기업들의 해외 진입방식에 영향을 주는 요인들을 분석하였다. 자료 수집은 2005년 11월 25일부터 12월 25일까지 이루어졌다. 해외 진출을 한 622개의 업체에 설문을 요청하여 총 67개의 설문이 회수되었으며 회수율은 10.7%였다. 이 중, 61개의 설문이 분석에 이용되었다. SPSS 12.0K를 이용해 기술분석, 요인분석, t-test,판별분석을 수행하였다 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진출 동기의 경우 가격경쟁력을 1순위로 답한 업체가 60%에 달하였다. 진출 지역별 특성을 살펴보면, 선진국으로는 수출을 선택하고 있었고, 동남아시아의 경우 합작투자와 단독투자를 선택하고 있었다. 둘째, 패션 산업의 해외 진입방식에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하기 위해 Dunning의 OLI 패러다임을 적용하였다. 소유 우위는 회사의 능력과 다국적 경험요인, 입지우위는 시장잠재력요인과 투자 안정도요인, 내부화 우위는 계약 안정도 요인으로 나타났다. 또한 추출된 요인들이 해외진입방식을 얼마나 잘 예측해주는지를 알아보기 위해 판별분석을 한 결과 시장잠재력과 투자안정도가 유의한 예측 요인으로 드러났다. 본 연구는 한국 패션 기업 중 해외 진출을 시도한 기업만을 대상으로 하였기 때문에 일반기업 표본보다 데이터 수집에 더 어려움을 겪었으며 따라서 표본이 61개라는 한계를 가진다. 하지만 표본의 한계에도 불구하고, 의류학 영역에서 잘 시도하지 않았던 해외직접투자 이론을 검토하여, 경험적 연구까지 시도하였으며 이를 통해 유의미한 결론을 내릴 수 있었다.
세계화의 영향으로 한국 패션 기업들은 생산기지를 해외로 이전하고 있다. 해외 시장 진입 방식은 자원상의 제한과 초기 선택 변경의 어려움을 특징으로 한다. 따라서 해외 시장 진입에 작용하는 다양한 요인들을 분석하는 것은 해외 시장에서의 성공과 직결된다. 본 연구는 해외 진출 이론의 하나인 Dunning의 OLI 패러다임(절충주의) 이론을 패션 산업에 적용해, 패션 기업들의 해외 진입방식에 영향을 주는 요인들을 분석하였다. 자료 수집은 2005년 11월 25일부터 12월 25일까지 이루어졌다. 해외 진출을 한 622개의 업체에 설문을 요청하여 총 67개의 설문이 회수되었으며 회수율은 10.7%였다. 이 중, 61개의 설문이 분석에 이용되었다. SPSS 12.0K를 이용해 기술분석, 요인분석, t-test,판별분석을 수행하였다 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진출 동기의 경우 가격경쟁력을 1순위로 답한 업체가 60%에 달하였다. 진출 지역별 특성을 살펴보면, 선진국으로는 수출을 선택하고 있었고, 동남아시아의 경우 합작투자와 단독투자를 선택하고 있었다. 둘째, 패션 산업의 해외 진입방식에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석하기 위해 Dunning의 OLI 패러다임을 적용하였다. 소유 우위는 회사의 능력과 다국적 경험요인, 입지우위는 시장잠재력요인과 투자 안정도요인, 내부화 우위는 계약 안정도 요인으로 나타났다. 또한 추출된 요인들이 해외진입방식을 얼마나 잘 예측해주는지를 알아보기 위해 판별분석을 한 결과 시장잠재력과 투자안정도가 유의한 예측 요인으로 드러났다. 본 연구는 한국 패션 기업 중 해외 진출을 시도한 기업만을 대상으로 하였기 때문에 일반기업 표본보다 데이터 수집에 더 어려움을 겪었으며 따라서 표본이 61개라는 한계를 가진다. 하지만 표본의 한계에도 불구하고, 의류학 영역에서 잘 시도하지 않았던 해외직접투자 이론을 검토하여, 경험적 연구까지 시도하였으며 이를 통해 유의미한 결론을 내릴 수 있었다.
As the fashion industry comes under the influence of globalization throughout all fields of industry, the globalization and the market entry strategies are required for Korean fashion firms. This study attempted to analyze the factors influencing foreign entry mode of Korean fashion business based o...
As the fashion industry comes under the influence of globalization throughout all fields of industry, the globalization and the market entry strategies are required for Korean fashion firms. This study attempted to analyze the factors influencing foreign entry mode of Korean fashion business based on Eclectic Theory. Data collection has been carried out from November 25 until December 25, 2005. The questionnaires were sent through e-mail or fax to 622 trading companies. 67 questionnaires were returned for a response rate of 10.7%. Of these returns, 61 usable questionnaires were employed for data analyses. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and t-test were used for data analysis. First, the most important venture motivation was price competitiveness and many firms were engaged in both production and sales in their target countries, which were mainly in Southeast Asia. Second, the firm's ability and experience were found out as ownership advantage factor, investment stability and market potential as location advantage factor, and contract stability as internalization advantage factor. Third, the result of discriminant analysis showed that location advantage factor was a significant factor in predicting the entry of fashion firms into foreign countries.
As the fashion industry comes under the influence of globalization throughout all fields of industry, the globalization and the market entry strategies are required for Korean fashion firms. This study attempted to analyze the factors influencing foreign entry mode of Korean fashion business based on Eclectic Theory. Data collection has been carried out from November 25 until December 25, 2005. The questionnaires were sent through e-mail or fax to 622 trading companies. 67 questionnaires were returned for a response rate of 10.7%. Of these returns, 61 usable questionnaires were employed for data analyses. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and t-test were used for data analysis. First, the most important venture motivation was price competitiveness and many firms were engaged in both production and sales in their target countries, which were mainly in Southeast Asia. Second, the firm's ability and experience were found out as ownership advantage factor, investment stability and market potential as location advantage factor, and contract stability as internalization advantage factor. Third, the result of discriminant analysis showed that location advantage factor was a significant factor in predicting the entry of fashion firms into foreign countries.
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문제 정의
This theory was proposed to provide a framework designed to explain foreign investment in manufecturing industry after World War II(Moon, 2002). It focuses on the monopolistic superiority of the enterprises which would enter foreign markets as a determining factor of success in a foreign country because they are situated in a disadvantageous position in terms of a lack of information of target market and raw material supply, disadvantageous legal-regulatory environment, and discrimination against foreign enterprises. It centers on the firm-specific advantage as a determining factor of success in the foreign direct investment.
However, research on the foreign market entry of fashion firms is still at its early stage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors influencing foreign market entry mode of Korean fashion firms based on Eclectic Theory, one of foreign direct investment theories. The data resulted from the analysis of globalization of fashion industry by specific theoretical framework will be able to provide useful foreign entry strategies with fashion firms which would enter foreign markets in the future.
가설 설정
1. The current situation of overseas ventures of Korean fashion firms will be identified.
제안 방법
Thus, more specific criteria and classification are required in order to grasp the changing aspects in the fashion industry. Considering these factors comprehensively, this study separates OEM producing in Korea from OEM producing in overseas countries.
Thus, this study analyzed the factors influencing foreign entry mode as a globalization in feshion industry and the result showed the followings. First, Korean fashion firms are considered to come under the pressure of globalization due to external environ ment and expand its business overseas in order to secure low-waged competitiveness.
대상 데이터
Data collection has been carried out from November 25 until December 5, 2005. The questionnaires were sent through e-mail or fax to 121 trading companies registered with The Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry and 333 member companies of Korea Apparel Industry Association.
The questionnaires were sent through e-mail or fax to 121 trading companies registered with The Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry and 333 member companies of Korea Apparel Industry Association. The questionnaires were also sent to 168 CEOs who are attending the Advanced Program for Chief Executive Officers in Fashion Business at Seoul National University after they agreed to respond to the survey over the telephone. The first collection of the questionnaires from respondents was only 34, 5.
until December 5, 2005. The questionnaires were sent through e-mail or fax to 121 trading companies registered with The Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry and 333 member companies of Korea Apparel Industry Association. The questionnaires were also sent to 168 CEOs who are attending the Advanced Program for Chief Executive Officers in Fashion Business at Seoul National University after they agreed to respond to the survey over the telephone.
데이터처리
Respon dents were asked to select one of the four entry mode categories which describe how they enter the interna tional business; (1) exporting of finished goods, (2) licensing & as OEM producing in Korea, (3) joint venture & as OEM producing in overseas countries, (4) sole venture. To t-test whether the firms choosing entry modes predicted by Dunning's OLI model showed greater performance satisfoction, we performed a simple t-test. For the t-test between two groups, 'fit' was used as the independent variable of interest.
이론/모형
For the discriminant analysis, independent vari ables consisted of multiple measures of four factors which are based on the three Dunnig's OLI advan tages. We used a discriminate analysis to predict the minimal measure of entry mode by OLI characteris- tics(Table 6).
Tatoglu and Glaister(1998) attempted to examine Dunning's framework for firms investing on Turkey. These studies supported Dunning's framework. More re cently, Brouthers et al.
In addition, many firms were engaged in both production and retail sales and their target coun tries were mainly Southeast Asian countries. Third, in order to analyze the factors influencing foreign entry mode of fashion industry, Dunning's OLI para digm was applied. The firm's ability and experience were found out as ownership advantage factor, investment stability and market potential as location advantage factor, and contract stability as internaliza tion advantage factor.
성능/효과
2. Influential factors on the foreign entry mode of Korean fashion firms will be examined.
Third, in order to analyze the factors influencing foreign entry mode of fashion industry, Dunning's OLI para digm was applied. The firm's ability and experience were found out as ownership advantage factor, investment stability and market potential as location advantage factor, and contract stability as internaliza tion advantage factor. Forth, discriminant analysis was carried out in order to find out how exactly the analyzed factors could predict the foreign entry mode and the result showed investment stability and mar ket potential were significant factors in predicting.
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