[논문]사료내 산패 지질 및 비타민 E 첨가가 넙치 치어의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향

김경덕; 강용진; 이해영; 김강웅; 이상민

사료내 산패 지질 및 비타민 E 첨가가 넙치 치어의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향
Effect of Dietary Oxidized Squid Liver oil and DL-${\\alpha}$-Tocopherol Level on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) 원문보기

韓國養殖學會誌 = Journal of aquaculture, v.19 no.2, 2006년, pp.140 - 146

김경덕 (Aquafeed Research Center, Notional Fisheries Research & Development Institute) , 강용진 (Aquafeed Research Center, Notional Fisheries Research & Development Institute) , 이해영 (Aquafeed Research Center, Notional Fisheries Research & Development Institute) , 김강웅 (Aquafeed Research Center, Notional Fisheries Research & Development Institute) , 이상민 (Faculty of Marine Bioscience and Technology, Kangnung National University)

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This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary oxidized oil and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol level on growth and body composition of juvenile flounder. To prepare oxidized diets, squid liver oil was oxidized by aeration at $25^{\circ}C$ for 30 days. The six diets were prepared to contain 6% fresh or oxidized squid liver oil as the lipid sources in combination with three levels of ${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate at 0, 80 and 800 mg/kg diet. Triplicate groups of fish ($3.9{\pm}0.1$) were fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 weeks. Survival was not significantly different among treatments. Weight gain, feed efficiency, daily feed intake, protein efficiency ratio and condition factor of fish fed the fresh oil diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed the oxidized oil diets (P<0.05). The increase of the vitamin E level in diets did not result in any significant improvement on growth performance of fish fed both oil diets. The vitamin E content of the liver and dorsal muscle increased with increasing dietary vitamin E level at both oil diet groups. A decreasing trend in vitamin E content of the tissues was observed in fish fed the oxidized oil diets at the same dietary vitamin E level. Significantly higher moisture content and lower crude lipid content were observed in the whole body of fish fed the oxidized oil diets than fish fed the fresh oil diets (P<0.05). Dietary lipid source affected the fatty acid content of the whole body; higher contents of saturated and monoenoic fatty acids, and lower n-3 HUFA contents such as 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 were observed in fish fed the oxidized oil diets than those of fish fed fresh oil diets. The results of this study suggest that the dietary oxidized oil may impair the growth performance, and an increase in ${\alpha}$-tocopheryl acetate supplementation have no beneficial effect on growth and feed efficiency of juvenile flounder.

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문제 정의

DL-a- tocopherol acetate, a stable form of a-tocopherol, is the most commonly used vitamin E supplement in fish feeds(NRC, 1993). Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary oxidized oil with different a-tocopherol levels on the growth and body composition of juvenile flounder.

제안 방법

1 g) were randomly allocated in eighteen 300 L cylindrical plastic tanks (180 L water volume) with 30 fish each tank in a flow-through aquarium system. Triplicate groups of fish were hand—fed to apparent satiation twice a day (0900 and 1700 h, 6 days per week) for 8 weeks. Filtrated seawater was supplied at a flow rate of 5 L/min in each tank, and the mean water temperature was 20.

대상 데이터

Juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) were purchased from a local fish farm (Gyeongbuk, Korea). They were acclimated to laboratory conditions for 2 weeks before feeding trial.

이론/모형

The livers and dorsal muscles of remaining fish in each tank were removed and pooled for vitamin E analysis. Crude protein was determined by the Kjeldahl method using an Auto Kjeldahl system (VAP50OT/TT125, Germany). Crude lipid was determined with ether extraction in a soxhlet extractor.
3333px;">using a muffle furnace (550°C for 4 h). Peroxide value was determined by AOAC (1990) method. Lipid for fatty acids analyses was extracted by mixture of chloroform and methanol (2:1, v/v) according to the method of Folch et al.

성능/효과

In this study, the fish fed the oxidized oil diets showed lower weight gain, feed efficiency and daily feed intake compared to fish fed the fresh oil diets. Similarly, reduced growth and feed utilization, and loss of appetite had been reported for other species of fish fed the oxidized oil diets (Murai and possible that palatability was an influencing factor governing feed intake and thus growth, since the diets containing oxi-dized oils possessed strong rancid aromas.
The results of this study suggest that the dietary oxidized oil may impair the growth performance, and an increase in a- tocopheryl acetate supplementation have no beneficial effect on growth and feed efficiency of juvenile flounder.

참고문헌 (21)

AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists), 1990. Official Methods of Analysis, 15th edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, VA, USA
Baker, R. T. M., 1997. The effects of dietary $\alpha$ -tocopherol and oxidized lipid on post-thaw drip from catfish muscle. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 65, 35-43

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Baker, R. T. M. and S. J. Davies, 1996. Oxidative nutritional stress associated with feeding rancid oils to African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) and the protective role of $\alpha$ -tocopherol. Aquac. Res. 27, 795-803

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Burton, G. W. and K. U. Ingold, 1989. Mechanisms of antioxidant action: preventive and chain-breaking antioxidants. (in) J. Miquel, A. T. Quintanilha, & H. Weber (es.), Handbook of free radicals and antioxidants in biomedicine (Vol. 2, pp. 29). Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press
Duncan, D. B., 1955. Multiple-range and multiple F tests. Biometrics 11, 1？42

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Folch, J., M. Lees and G. H. Sloane-Stanley, 1957. A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipids from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 226, 496？509
Hung S. S. O., C. Y. Cho and S. J. Slinger, 1980. Measurement of oxidation of fish oil and its effect on vitamin E nutrition of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37, 1248-1253

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Hung S. S. O., C. Y. Cho and S. J. Slinger, 1981. Effect of oxidized fish oil, dl- $\alpha$ -tocopherol acetate and ethoxyquin supplementation on the vitamin E nutrition of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) fed practical diets. J. Nutr. 111, 648-657

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Ketola, H. G., C. E. Smith and G. A. Dindschi, 1989. Influence of diet and oxidative rancidity on fry of Atlantic and coho salmon. Aquaculture 79, 417-423

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Kim, K.-D. and S.-M. Lee, 2004. Requirement of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids for juvenile flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Aquaculture 229, 315？323

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Kim, K.-D., S.-M. Lee, H. G. Park, S. C. Bai and Y.-H. Lee, 2002. Essentiality of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids in juvenile Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). J. World Aquacult. Soc. 33, 432？440
Lee, S.-M., 2001. Review of the lipid and essential fatty acid requirements of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Aquac. Res. 32 (Suppl. 1), 8-17

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McDowell, L. R., 1989. Vitamins in Animal Nutrition: Comparative Aspects to Human Nutrition. (in) McDowell, L.R. (ed.), Vitamin E, Academic press, London, pp. 93-131
Moccia R. D., S. S. O. Hung, S. J. Slinger and H. W. Ferguson, 1984. Effect of oxidized fish oil, vitamin E and ethoxyquin on the histopathology and haematology of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson. J. Fish Dis. 7, 269-282

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Murai T. and J. W. Andrews, 1974. Interactions of dietary $\alpha$ -tocopherol, oxidized menhaden oil and ethoxyquin on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). J. Nutr. 104, 1416-1431

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NRC (National Research Council), 1993. Nutrient Requirements of Fish. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., USA
Sakai, T., H. Murata, K. Yamauchi, T. Sekiya and M. Ukawa, 1992. Effects of dietary lipid peroxides contents on in vivo lipid peroxidation, $\alpha$ -tocopherol contents, and superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver of yellowtail. Nipp. Suisan Gakk. 58, 1483-1486

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Sies, H., 1991. Oxidative Stress: Oxidants and Antioxidants. Academic Press, New York
Stephan, G., J. L. Messafer, F. Lamour and F. Baudin-Laurencin, 1993. Interactions between dietary a-tocopherol and oxidized oil on sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. (in) S.J. Kaushik and P. Luquet (ed.), Fish Nutrition in Pratice, 4th Int. Symp. on Fish Nutrition and Feeding, Biarritz, France, INRA, Paris, pp. 215- 218
Stubbs, C. D. and A. D. Smith, 1984. The modification of mammalian membrane polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in relation to membrane fluidity and function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 779, 89-137

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사료내 산패 지질 및 비타민 E 첨가가 넙치 치어의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향
Effect of Dietary Oxidized Squid Liver oil and DL-${\\alpha}$-Tocopherol Level on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) 원문보기

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사료내 산패 지질 및 비타민 E 첨가가 넙치 치어의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향 Effect of Dietary Oxidized Squid Liver oil and DL-${\\alpha}$-Tocopherol Level on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) 원문보기

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사료내 산패 지질 및 비타민 E 첨가가 넙치 치어의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향
Effect of Dietary Oxidized Squid Liver oil and DL-${\\alpha}$-Tocopherol Level on Growth and Body Composition of Juvenile Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) 원문보기

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