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Characterization of tensile damage progress in stitched CFRP laminates 원문보기

Advanced composite materials : the official journal of the Japan Society of Composite Materials and the Korea Society for Composite Materials, v.16 no.3, 2007년, pp.223 - 244  

Yoshimura, Akinori (Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo) ,  Yashiro, Shigeki (Research Institute of Instrumentation Frontier, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)) ,  Okabe, Tomonaga (Department of Aerospace Engineering, Tohoku University) ,  Takeda, Nobuo (Graduate school of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

This study experimentally and numerically investigated the tensile damage progress in stitched laminates. In particular, it focused on the effects of stitching on the damage progress. First, we experimentally confirmed that ply cracks and delamination appeared under load regardless of stitching. We ...

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제안 방법

  • First, the monotonic tensile tests were conducted for seven stitched and five unstitched specimens at room temperature. In the tests, the load was applied monotonically until specimen failure, and then tensile stiffness and strength were measured.
  • 05%, and the damage was observed from the polished edge of the specimen using a digital microscope. In addition, the specimens were ultrasonically C-scanned by using the scanning acoustic microscope (UH-3, Olympus Corporation) in 0.2% strain increments to observe the delamination progress.
  • First, the monotonic tensile tests were conducted for seven stitched and five unstitched specimens at room temperature. In the tests, the load was applied monotonically until specimen failure, and then tensile stiffness and strength were measured. The tensile load–unload tests were also conducted for three stitched and three unstitched specimens to observe the damage progress.
  • In the tests, the load was applied monotonically until specimen failure, and then tensile stiffness and strength were measured. The tensile load–unload tests were also conducted for three stitched and three unstitched specimens to observe the damage progress. For both tests, a tensile test machine (Instron 5582, Instron Corp.
  • Note that pure mode I crack growth was considered in this analysis, and we assigned enough large values to the mode II strength and critical energy release rate. We investigated the effect of the mesh size on the crack extension by analyzing the three models, which had three different sizes of elements (1 mm, 2 mm, and 4 mm).

대상 데이터

  • ) [14] were used. Carbon-fiber tows (T800-12kf, Toray Industries Inc.) were used as the inplane tows. The stacking configuration was [−45/45/03/904]s.
  • The tensile load–unload tests were also conducted for three stitched and three unstitched specimens to observe the damage progress. For both tests, a tensile test machine (Instron 5582, Instron Corp.) was employed. The crosshead speed was 0.
  • In this research, carbon-fiber stitched CFRP laminates (Toyota Industries Corp.) [14] were used. Carbon-fiber tows (T800-12kf, Toray Industries Inc.

이론/모형

  • ) was employed. The material was impregnated and molded by the Resin Transfer Molding (RTM) method. For comparison, unstitched laminates were also prepared.
  • [13] to the stitched laminate. The method is based on finite element analysis using cohesive elements. A cohesive element is the cohesive zone model, which is introduced between the solid elements to eliminate the stress singularity around the crack tip and express the creation of crack surfaces.
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참고문헌 (21)

  1. L. Jain and Y.W. Mai, On the effect of stitching on mode I delamination toughness of laminated composites, Compos. Sci. Technol. 51, 331-345 (1994) 

  2. L. Jain and Y. W. Mai, Determination of mode II delamination toughness of stitched laminated composites, Compos. Sci. Technol. 55, 241-253 (1995) 

  3. K. A. Dransfield, L. K. Jain and Y. W. Mai, On the effects of stitching in CFRPs - I. Mode I delamination toughness, Compos. Sci. Technol. 58, 815-827 (1998) 

  4. Y. Iwahori, T. Ishikawa, Y. Hayashi and N. Watanabe, Study of interlaminar fracture toughness improvement on stitched CFRP laminates, J. Japan Soc. Compos. Mater. 26, 90-100 (2000) 

  5. L. Chen, P. G. Ifju and B. V. Sankar, Analysis of mode I and mode II tests for composites with translaminar reinforcements, J. Compos. Mater. 39, 1311-1333 (2005) 

  6. E. Wu and J. Wang, Behavior of stitched laminates under in-plane tensile and transverse impact loading, J. Compos. Mater. 29, 2254-2279 (1995) 

  7. F. Aymerich, P. Priolo and C. T. Sun, Static and fatigue behaviour of stitched graphite/epoxy composite laminates, Compos. Sci. Technol. 63, 907-917 (2003) 

  8. M. Z. Shah Khan and A. P. Mouritz, Fatigue behaviour of stitched GRP laminates, Compos. Sci. Technol. 56, 695-701 (1996) 

  9. F. Larsson, Damage tolerance of a stitched carbon/epoxy laminate, Composites Part A 28A, 923-934 (1997) 

  10. N. A. Warrior, C. D. Rudd and S. P. Gardner, Experimental studies of embroidery for the local reinforcement of composites structures 1. Stress concentrations, Compos. Sci. Technol. 59, 2125-2137 (1999) 

  11. N. Takeda and S. Ogihara, In situ observation and probabilistic prediction of microscopic failure processes in CFRP cross-ply laminates, Compos. Sci. Technol. 52, 183-195 (1994) 

  12. T. Okabe, H. Sekine, J. Noda, M. Nishikawa and N. Takeda, Characterization of tensile damage and strength in GFRP cross-ply laminates, Mater. Sci. Engng A - Struct 383, 381-389 (2004) 

  13. S. Yashiro, N. Takeda, T. Okabe and H. Sekine, A new approach to predicting multiple damage states in composite laminates with embedded FBG sensors, Compos. Sci. Technol. 65, 659-667 (2005) 

  14. R. Kamiya, B. A. Cheeseman, P. Popper and C. T.Wei, Some recent advantages in the fabrication and design of three-dimensional textile preforms: a review, Compos. Sci. Technol. 60, 33-47 (2000) 

  15. P. H. Geubelle and J. S. Baylor, Impact-induced delamination of composites: a 2D simulation, Composites Part B 29, 589-602 (1998) 

  16. D. R. J. Owen, Finite Elements in Plasticity. Pineridge Press, Swansea (1980) 

  17. O. Majima and H. Suemasu, A finite element analysis of delamination propagation in composite laminates, J. Japan Soc. Compos. Mater. 25, 140-148 (1999) 

  18. H. Okamura, An Introduction to Linear Fracture Mechanics. Baifukan, Tokyo (1976) 

  19. H. Suemasu and O. Majima, Multiple delaminations and their severity in circular axisymmetric plates subjected to transverse loading, J. Compos. Mater. 30, 441-453 (1996) 

  20. Y. Yamada, N. Yoshimura and T. Sakurai, Plastic stress-strain matrix and its application for the solution of elastic-plastic problems by the finite element method, Int. Mech. Sci. 10, 343-354 (1968) 

  21. M. A. Crisfield, G. Jelenic, Y. Mi, H. G. Zhong and Z. Fan, Some aspects of the nonlinear finite element method, Finite Elem. Anal. Des. 27, 19-40 (1997) 

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