음나무(Kalopanax pictus) 추출물과 비타민 C의 항산화, 항암 및 면역활성 상승효과 Synergistic Effect of Methanol Extract from Kalopanax pictus and Ascorbic Acid on Antioxidant, Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Activities원문보기
음나무 (Kalopanax pictus, 이하 KP)의 추출물과 ascorbic acid(AA)의 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼, FRAP 및 NO 소거능 상승효과를 조사하였다. 라디칼 소거능과 항산화능은 농도에 비례하여 증가하였으며, AA 첨가에 의해서 그 활성이 향상되었다. 인간 간암세포주에 대한 KP추출물+AA의 항암능은 MTT법에서 우수한 효과를 나타내었으며 세포 사멸을 유도하였다. 또한 KP 추출물+AA는 세포주기의 G0/G1-phase 또는 G2/M-phase에 영향을 미쳤으며, 농도 의존적인 효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 KP추출물+AA는 대식세포주를 이용한 NO생성과 억제의 면역활성 영향을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 KP추출물의 항산화, 항암 및 면역조절 효과는 KP추출물 단독으로 처리할 때보다, KP 추출물과 AA를 동시에 처리한 경우가 더욱 효과적이었다.
음나무 (Kalopanax pictus, 이하 KP)의 추출물과 ascorbic acid(AA)의 DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼, FRAP 및 NO 소거능 상승효과를 조사하였다. 라디칼 소거능과 항산화능은 농도에 비례하여 증가하였으며, AA 첨가에 의해서 그 활성이 향상되었다. 인간 간암세포주에 대한 KP추출물+AA의 항암능은 MTT법에서 우수한 효과를 나타내었으며 세포 사멸을 유도하였다. 또한 KP 추출물+AA는 세포주기의 G0/G1-phase 또는 G2/M-phase에 영향을 미쳤으며, 농도 의존적인 효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 KP추출물+AA는 대식세포주를 이용한 NO생성과 억제의 면역활성 영향을 나타내었다. 결론적으로 KP추출물의 항산화, 항암 및 면역조절 효과는 KP추출물 단독으로 처리할 때보다, KP 추출물과 AA를 동시에 처리한 경우가 더욱 효과적이었다.
The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities and ferric- reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay against extracts of Kalopanax pictus (KP) were measured. Radical scavenging and antioxidant activities we...
The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities and ferric- reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay against extracts of Kalopanax pictus (KP) were measured. Radical scavenging and antioxidant activities were increased depend on the concentration and the effects were enhanced by ascorbic acid (AA). KP extracts and AA had a good anti-proliferating activity against HepG2 cells by MTT assay and induces cells apoptosis, which was demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis. KP extracts and AA caused the arrest of cell-cycle progression at either G0-G1-phase or G2/M-phase, which might be depending upon the KP extracts concentration. In addition, KP extracts and AA are effective in enhancing immunity and nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophages cells. KP extracts and AA inhibited tumor cell growth and exerted antioxidant effects as compared to controls. These results demonstrate that simultaneous AA and KP extracts treatment could be useful in preventing the oxidative damage and anti-proliferating HepG2 cells, and are effective in enhancing immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity.
The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities and ferric- reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay against extracts of Kalopanax pictus (KP) were measured. Radical scavenging and antioxidant activities were increased depend on the concentration and the effects were enhanced by ascorbic acid (AA). KP extracts and AA had a good anti-proliferating activity against HepG2 cells by MTT assay and induces cells apoptosis, which was demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis. KP extracts and AA caused the arrest of cell-cycle progression at either G0-G1-phase or G2/M-phase, which might be depending upon the KP extracts concentration. In addition, KP extracts and AA are effective in enhancing immunity and nitric oxide production by RAW 264.7 macrophages cells. KP extracts and AA inhibited tumor cell growth and exerted antioxidant effects as compared to controls. These results demonstrate that simultaneous AA and KP extracts treatment could be useful in preventing the oxidative damage and anti-proliferating HepG2 cells, and are effective in enhancing immunomodulatory and antioxidant activity.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
대상 데이터
TNF-az IL-6 and GM-CSF (Pharminggn, San Diego, USA) levels in macrophage culture medium were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DMEM (Dulbeco's modified Eagle's medium), FBS (fetal bovine serum), 0.05% trypsin-0.02% EDTA and 100 units/ml penicillin-streptomycin were purchased from GIBCO Co. (Grand Island, NY, USA). RAW264.
(Grand Island, NY, USA). RAW264.7 cells and HepG2 cancer cells were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea).
데이터처리
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for all data analysis, followed by Dunnett's test for multiple comparisons. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.
이론/모형
7 cells (5xl05 cells/well) were stimulated with LPS or KP and KP+AA for the production of nitric oxide. After 24 hours of culture, the amounts of NO production were measured by the Griess method as described under Materials and Methods. 1The values given are the mean±SD of at least three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate.
성능/효과
In conclusion, KP and KP+AA exhibited a good antioxidant activity in four models studied and showed a good immuno-modulating effect. In addition, our results suggested that cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induce apoptosis as a mechanism by which KP and KP+AA an antiproliferative effect. However, further investigation at molecular level is required to identify the active components that could induce growth inhibition and establish the possible correlation among the mentioned activities of the KP and KP+AA.
NO has been identified as a major effecter molecule produced by macrophages and is involved in the regulation of apoptosis and in host defenses against microorganisms and tumor cells [3]. In conclusion, KP and KP+AA exhibited a good antioxidant activity in four models studied and showed a good immuno-modulating effect. In addition, our results suggested that cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induce apoptosis as a mechanism by which KP and KP+AA an antiproliferative effect.
to tumorigenesis [6]. Our results demonstrated that the antitumor effects of the KP and KP+AA were similar to that of TNF-az one of the most potent antitumor molecules known [2디. In present study, KP and KP+AA was found to inhibit tumor cell growth and also showed potential as an anticancer agent.
3, cells treated with the KP and KP+AA for 24 hr slightly decreased in the number of cells in S phase whereas accumulated in the G2/M and Ml phase of the cell cycle. The results indicated that the KP and KP+AA could suppress HepG2 liver cancer cell lines proliferation via the cell cycle blockage.
KP and KP+AA quenched RNS effectively. Therefore, in this study, NO scavenging activity correlate with total phenolics content, this suggested that KP and KP+AA have the critical ability for the NO scavenging activity. A correlation was found for the total phenolic content and the FRAP assays and this is in correspondence with Schlesier et al.
후속연구
However, further investigation at molecular level is required to identify the active components that could induce growth inhibition and establish the possible correlation among the mentioned activities of the KP and KP+AA. Also, more detailed work is required on the protective effects against cancer cell and immuno-modulating effects to know their exact mechanism of action.
As an antioxidant it may be important to support the antiproliferative effect of KP and KP+AA is correlated with its scavenging ROS. Further investigation are needed to determine whether KP and KP+AA induced apoptosis in HepG2 liver cancer cell lines via modulate the intracellular redox status. As for inhibitory effect of KP and KP+AA on cell proliferation were found to be active against the cancer cell lines and showed a concentration-dependent affectivity.
In addition, our results suggested that cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and induce apoptosis as a mechanism by which KP and KP+AA an antiproliferative effect. However, further investigation at molecular level is required to identify the active components that could induce growth inhibition and establish the possible correlation among the mentioned activities of the KP and KP+AA. Also, more detailed work is required on the protective effects against cancer cell and immuno-modulating effects to know their exact mechanism of action.
참고문헌 (29)
Ajith, T. A., S. Usha and V. Nivitha. 2007. Ascorbic acid and $\alpha$ -tocopherol protect anticancer drug cisplatin induced nephro toxicity in mice : a comparative study. Clin. Chim. Acta. 375, 82-86
Benzie, I. F. F. and J. J. Strain. 1996. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as measurement of 'antioxidant power' : The Frap Assay. Anal. Biochem. 239, 70-76
Campbell, M. J., B. Hamilton, M. Shoemaker, M. Tagliaferri, I. Cohen and D. Tripathy. 2002. Antiproliferative activity of Chinese medicinal herbs on breast cancer cells in vitro. Anticancer Res. 22, 3843-3852
Choi, J., H. W. Chun, S. H. Kim, H. J. Park and Y. N. Han. 2002. Analgesic effect of Kalopanax pictus extract and its saponin constituents and their inhibitory effect on Freund's complete adjuvant reagent-induced rheumatoidal arthritis in the experimental animals. J. Ethnopharm. 79, 199-204
Dalloul, R. A., H. S. Lillehoj, J. S. Lee, S. H. Lee and K. S. Chung. 2006. Immunopotentiating effect of a Fomitella fraxinea-derived lectin on chicken immunity and resistance to coccidiosis. Poult. Sci. 85, 446-451
De La Puerta, R., M. E. M. Domingue, V. Rui-Gutierre, J. A. Flavill and J. R. S. Hoult. 2001. Effects of virgin olive oil phenolics on scavenging of reactive nitrogen species and upon nitrergic neurotransmission. Life Sci. 69, 1213-1222
Hebert-Croteau, N., J. Brisson, J. Latreille, M. Rivard, N. Abdelaziz and G. Martin. 2004. Compliance with consensus recommendations for systemic therapy is associated with improved survival of women with node-negative breast cancer. J. Clinical Oncology 22, 3685-3693
Katsube, N., K. Iwashita, T. Tsushida, K. Yamaki and M. Kobori. 2003. Induction of apoptosis in cancer cells by bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) and the anthocyanins. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51, 68-75
Katsube, T., H. Tabata, Y. Ohta, Y. Yamasaki, E. Anuurad, K. Shiwaku and Y. Yamane. 2004. Screening for the antioxidant activity in edible plant products : comparison of low-density lipoprotein oxidation assay, DPPH radical scavenging assay and Folin-Ciocalteu assay. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52, 2391-2396
Lee, E., M. Y. Choi, H. J. Park, B. C. Cha and S. H. Cho. 1995. Chemical constituents and biological activity of Kalopanax Cortex. Korean J. Pharm. 26, 122-129
Marcocci, L., J. J. Maguire, M. T. Droy-Lefaix and L. Packer. 1994. The nitric oxide-scavenging properties of Ginkgo biloba extract EGb 761. Biochem. Biophys. Res.Commun. 201, 748-755
Namba, T. 1994. The Encyclopedia of Traditional Sino - Japanese Medicine with Color Pictures. Vol. II. Hoikusha Co. Ltd, Osaka, Japan
Ormerod, M. G. A. 1990. Practical Approach in Flow Cytometry. Oxford University Press, New York, USA
Parejo, I., F. Viladomat, J. Bastida, A. Rosas-Romero, N. Flerlage, J. Burillo and C. Codina. 2002. Comparison between the radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity of six distilled and nondistilled Mediterranean herbs and aromatic plants. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 6882-6890
Re, R., N. Pellegrini, A. Proteggente, A. Pannala, M. Yang and C. Rice-Evans. 1999. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biol. Med. 26, 1231-1237
Schlesier, K., M. Harwat, V. Bohm and R. Bitsch. 2002. Studies on the antioxidant activity of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel and seed extracts using in vitro models. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50, 81-86
Shimada, K., K. Fujikawa, K. Yahara and T. Kakamura. 1996. Antioxidative properties of xanthan on the autoxidation of soybean oil in cyclodextrin emulsion. J. Agric. Food Chem. 23, 324-329
Siddhuraju, P. and K. Becker. 2007. The antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of processed cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) seed extracts. Food Chem. 101, 10-19
Sun, H. X., F. Qin and Y. J. Pan. 2005. In vitro and in vivo immunosuppressive activity of Spicaprunellae ethanol extract on the immune responses in mice. J. Ethnopharm. 101, 31-36
Tabata, Y., Y. Noda, Y. Matsui and Y. Ikada. 1999. Targeting of tumor necrosis factor to tumor by use of dextran and metal coordination. J. Control Release 59, 187-196
Tanaka, Y., K. Fujiwara, H. Tanaka, K. Maehata and I. Kohno. 2004. Paclitaxel inhibits expression of heat shock protein 27 in ovarian and uterine cancer cells. Inter. J. Gyne. Cancer 14, 616-620
Yee, N. O., S. T. Jeong, Y. R. Ha, M. H. Kim, M. W. Byun and S. K. Jo. 2000. Induction of nitric oxide and TNF- $\alpha$ by herbal plant extract in mouse macrophage. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 29, 342-348
Zhang, D. L. and Y. Hamauzu. 2003. Phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, carotenoids and antioxidant properties of green, red and yellow bell peppers. J. Food Agric. Environ. 1, 22-27
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.