[논문]개 심장사상충을 진단하기 위한 중합연쇄반응검사 (PCR)의 진단적 특성 평가

박선일; 김두

개 심장사상충을 진단하기 위한 중합연쇄반응검사 (PCR)의 진단적 특성 평가
Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of a Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Canine Dirofilaria immitis 원문보기

Journal of veterinary clinics = 한국임상수의학회지, v.24 no.2 = no.57, 2007년, pp.77 - 81

초록
AI-Helper

본 연구는 개에서 심장사상충을 검출하기 위하여 표준검사를 적용하지 않은 상황에서 중합연쇄반응검사 (PCR)의 진단 능력을 평가하였다. 효소면역검사법 (ELISA)과 PCR 검사를 동시에 사용한 경우 PCR 검사의 민감도와 특이도는 두 검사의 조건부 독립을 가정한 상태에서expectation-maximization (EM) 알고리즘을 이용한 최대우도법과 Bayesian 기법으로 두 집단 검사 모형으로 분석하였다 2002-2004년 기간 중 심장사상충검사 결과를 기록한 의무기록에서 무작위로 266개 결과를 추출하여 133개씩 2회의 시험으로 배치하였다. 2회의 분석결과를 종합할 때 EM 알고리즘에서 PCR 검사의 민감도와 특이도는 각각 96.4-96.7%와 97.6-98.8%, Bayesian기법에서는 94.4-94.8h와 97.1-98%로 추정되었다. PCR 검사는 심장사상충을 스크리닝하는 도구로 유용하며, 표준검사를 적용하지 않은 상황에서 진단검사의 특성을 추론하는 방법으로 Bayesian 기법은 매우 유용함을 확인하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Diagnostic performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting Dirofilaria immitis in dogs was evaluated when no gold standard test was employed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test kit (SnapTM, IDEXX, USA) with unknown parameters was also employed. The sensitivity and specificity of the PCR from two-population model were estimated by using both maximum likelihood using expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and Bayesian method, assuming conditional independence between the two tests. A total of 266 samples, 133 samples in each trial, were randomly retrieved from the heartworm database records during the year 2002-2004 in a university animal hospital. These data originated from the test results of military dogs which were brought for routine medical check-up or testing for heartworm infection. When combined 2 trials, sensitivity and specificity of the PCR was 96.4-96.7% and 97.6-98.8% in EM and 94.4-94.8% and 97.1-98% in Bayesian. There were no statistical differences between estimates. This finding indicates that the PCR assay could be useful screening tool for detecting heartworm antigen in dogs. This study was provided further evidences that Bayesian approach is an alternative approach to draw better inference about the performance of a new diagnostic test in case when either gold test is not available.

주제어

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.

문제 정의

However, diagnostic performance of the PCR assay with field samples was not fully evaluated. The objective of this study was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR for detection of D. immitis in dogs when the true disease state is unknown.

제안 방법

performance of the PCR. These data were from test results of blood samples referred from military shepherd dogs which were brought to an animal _이inic for routine med ical check-up or testing for heartworm infection. At the time of collection, all dogs were in-service with defined residence throughout the country.
evaluation. This study illustrated two-population model where two diagnostic tests with unknown diagnostic accuracy were simultaneously applied to individuals from two study populations with different prevalences of disease.

대상 데이터

Heartworm database records (Kangwon National University) from May 2002 to September 2004 were used to determine diagnostic performance of the PCR. These data were from test results of blood samples referred from military shepherd dogs which were brought to an animal _이inic for routine med ical check-up or testing for heartworm infection.

성능/효과

In trial 2, 2 and 3 disagreements were observed for sample 1 and 2, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of the PCR was quite similar in both trials: 94.8% and 98.0% for trial 1 and 94.4% and 97.1% for trial 2 (Table 3). The results of Bayesian were close to those of EM algorithm with no statistical difference at significance level of 0.
The prevalence of D. immitis for EM and Bayesian approach was ranged 31.5-31.6% in trial 1 and 30.6-31.0% % in trial 2. In the first sample of trial 1, 12 samples were positive for PCR with 1 disagreement between the two tests, whereas 19 samples in the second sample were positive with 2 disagreements.

참고문헌 (32)

Alonzo TA, Pepe MS. Using a combination of reference tests to assess the accuracy of a new diagnostic test. Stat Med 1999; 18: 2987-3003

상세보기
Boelaert M, Aoun K, Liinev J, Goetghebeur E, van der Stuyft P. The potential of latent class analysis in diagnostic test validation for canine Leishmania infantum infection. Epidemiol Infect 1999; 123: 499-506

상세보기
Brunner CJ, Hendrix CM, Blagburn BL, Hanrahan LA. Comparison of serologic tests for detection of antigen in canine heartwonn infections. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1988; 192: 14231427
Choi BCK. Causal modeling to estimate sensitivity and specificity of a test when prevalence changes. Epidemiology 1997; 8: 80-86

상세보기
Courtney CH, Zeng QY, Bean ES. Sensitivity and specificity of the Diro- $CHEK^{(R)}$ heartworm antigen test for immunodiagnosis of canine dirofilariasis and a comparison with other immunodiagnostic tests. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1988; 24: 27-32
Courtney CH, Zeng QY. Comparison of two antigen tests and the modified Knott's test for the detection of canine heartworm at different worm burdens. Canine Pract 1993; 18: 5-7
Courtney CH, Zeng QY. Comparison of heartworm antigen test kit performance in dogs having low heartworm burdens. Vet Parasitol 2001; 96: 317-322

상세보기
Dempster A, Laird N, Rubin D. Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm. J Roy Stat Soc Ser B 1977; 39: 1-38
Ely ML, Courtney CH. Sensitivity and specificity of FilarochekiR) heartworm antigen test and Dirotect(R) heartworm antibody test for immunodiagnosis of canine filariasi. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1987; 23: 367-371
Enoe C, Georgiadis MP, Johnson WO. Estimation of sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests and disease prevalence when the true disease state is unknown. Prev Vet Med 2000; 45: 61-81

상세보기
Faraone SV, Tsuang MT. Measuring diagnostic accuracy in the absence of a 'gold standard'. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151: 650-657

상세보기
Favia G, Lanfrancotti A, Torre AD, Cancrini G, Coluzzi M. Polymerase chain reaction: identification of Dirofilaria repens and Dirofilaria immitis. Parasitol 1996; 113: 567-571

상세보기
Gardner lA, Stryhn H, Lind P, Collins MT. Conditional dependence between tests affects the diagnosis and surveillance of animal diseases. Prev Vet Med 2000; 45: 107-122

상세보기
Georgiadis MP, Gardner lA, Hedrick RP. Field evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Nucleospora salmonis in rainbow trout. J Aquat Anim Health 1998; 10: 372-380

상세보기
Hui SL, Walter SO. Estimating the error rates of diagnostic tests. Biometrics 1980; 36: 167-171

상세보기
Johnson WO, Gastwirth JL. Bayesian inference for medical screening tests: approximations useful for the analysis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. J Roy Statist Soc Ser B 1991; 53: 427-439
Johnson WO, Gastwirth JL. Dual group screening. J Statist Plann Inference 2000; 83: 449-473

상세보기
Johnson WO, Gastwirth JL, Pearson LM. Screening without a gold standard: the Hui-Walter paradigm revisited. Am J Epidemiol 2001; 153: 921-924

상세보기
Joseph L, Gyorkos TW, Coupal L. Bayesian estimation of disease prevalence and the parameters of diagnostic tests in the absence of a gold standard. Am J Epidemiol 1995; 141: 263-272

상세보기
Mar P, Yang I, Chang G, Fei AC. Specific polymerase chain reaction for differential diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis and Dipetaloma reconditum using primers derived from internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS2). Vet Parasitol 2002; 106: 243-252

상세보기
Martin TE, Collins GH. Prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis and Dipetalonema reconditum in greyhounds. Aust Vet J 1985; 62: 159-163

상세보기
Mendoza-Blanco JTX, Lyengar S. Bayesian inference on prevalence using a missing-data approach with simulation-based techniques: applications to HIV screening. Stat Med 1996; 15: 2161-2176

상세보기
Pak SI, Kim D, Salman M. Estimation of paratuberculosis prevalence in dairy cattle in a province of Korea using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: application of Bayesian approach. J Vet Sci 2003; 4: 51-56

상세보기
Rosa A, Ribicich M, Betti A, Kistermann JC, Cardillo N, Basso N, Hallu R. Prevalence of canine dirofilariasis in the city of Buenos Aires and its outskirts (Argentina). Vet Parasitol 2002; 109: 261-264

상세보기
Smith RD. Veterinary clinical epidemiology: a problem-oriented approach. 2nd ed. CRC Press: Boca Raton, 1995: 31-52
Song KH, Lee SE, Hayasaki M, Shiramizu K, Kim DH, Cho KW. Seroprevalence of canine dirofilariasis in South Korea. Vet Parasitol 2003; 114: 231-236

상세보기
Tanner MA. Tools for statistical inference. In: Methods for the exploration of posterior distributions and likelihood functions. 3rd ed. Springer, New York, 1996: 78-79
Vacek PM. The effect of conditional dependence on the evaluation of diagnostic tests. Biometrics 1985; 41: 959-968

상세보기
Valenstein, P. N. Evaluating diagnostic tests with imperfect standards. Am J Clin Pathol 1990, 93: 252-258

상세보기
Walter SO, Irwig LM. Estimation of test error rates, disease prevalence and relative risk from misclassified data: a review. J Clin Epidemiol 1988; 41; 923-937

상세보기
Walter SO, Frommer DG, Cook RJ. The estimation of sensitivity and specificity in colorectal cancer screening methods. Cancer Detect Prev 1991; 15: 465-469
Watts KJ, Courtney CH, Reddy GR. Development of a PCR-based test for the sensitive and specific detection of the dog heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, in its mosquito intermediate host. Mol Cell Probes 1999; 14: 425-430

저자의 다른 논문 :

LOADING...

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증