[논문]시설수박 연작지 토양특성에 대한 후작물 재배의 영향

안병구; 김대향; 이진호

시설수박 연작지 토양특성에 대한 후작물 재배의 영향
Post Harvest Cropping Impacts on Soil Properties in Continuous Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) Cultivation Plots 원문보기

韓國土壤肥料學會誌 = Korean journal of soil science & fertilizer, v.40 no.1, 2007년, pp.98 - 107

안병구 (전라북도 농업기술원) , 김대향 (전라북도 농업기술원) , 이진호 (전북대학교 생리활성물질연구소)

초록
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수박을 7년간 연작한 시설재배지 토양을 개선하기 위해 수박후작물로 옥수수, 배추, 무, 총각무, 상추, 시금치, 및 양파를 재배한 후 토양특성과 수박의 생산성 및 품질의 변화를 조사하였다. 토양 pH는 무를 제외한 모든 후작물 재배지 토양에서 증가하였고, 토양 중 유기물 함량은 후작물 재배구에서 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 특히 상추 재배구에서 현저하게 감소하였고, 유효인산 함량은 시금치, 양파 재배구에서 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 치환성 Ca 및 Mg은 대부분의 후작물 재배구에서 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 치환성 K은 후작물 재배 후 50% 이상 현저히 감소하였다. 또한 수용성 음이온($Cl^-$, $NO_3{^-}$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$)과 EC는 모든 후작물 재배구에서 감소하였다. 특히 EC의 감소는K와 Ca+Mg의 비율의 감소에 의한 영향으로 보여진다. 모든 후작물 재배구에서 Bacteria/Fungi 비율이 재배전보다 증가하였으며, 수박의 고사주율은 모든 후작물 재배구에서 대조구보다 낮게 나타났으나, 수박의 생산성 및 품질에 있어 후작물 재배의 영향은 뚜렷하게 나타나지 않았다. 그러므로 시설수박 연작지에서 단기윤작의 적용은 토양의 문제점을 개선하는데 있어 효과적인 방법이라고 생각된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Most of plastic film house plots in Korea have salinity problems caused by salt accumulations associated with continuous cropping including the heavy applications of chemical fertilizers, and high evapotranspiration. The objective of this study was to investigate soil properties and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb.) productivity in plastic film houses as influenced by the short-term crop rotation in the continuous watermelon-cultivated soils. The short-term rotational crops selected were corn, Chinese cabbage, radish, young radish, lettuce, spinach, and onion. Soil pH increased in most plots where a short-term crop was added to the crop rotation, except where radish was added. The content of soil organic matter significantly decreased in the lettuce-cultivated plot. The available phosphorus content in the soils increased with the cultivations of spinach and onion. Exchangeable Ca and Mg tended to increase in most of plots where a short-term rotational crop was grown, whereas the exchangeable K was clearly reduced by more than 50% in the same plots. Cultivation of rotational crops during the post-harvest season significantly decreased the electrical conductivity (EC) and the concentrations of soluble anions, such as chloride ($Cl^-$), nitrate ($NO_3{^-}$), and sulfate ($SO{_4}^{2-}$) in the soils. In particular, the EC decrease was related with the decrease in soil $K^+$ to $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ ratio. In all plots cultivated with the shot-term rotational crops, the ratios of bacteria to fungi (B/F) increased. However, the improvement in soil properties after adding a rotational crop did not result in a clear improvement in watermelon quantity or quality as measured by fruit weight and sugar content. Therefore, the addition of short-term rotational crops to a continuous watermelon cropping system would be beneficial to improve target soil properties in plastic film house plots studied.

주제어

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문제 정의

The objective of this study was to investigate soil properties and watermelon productivity as influenced by the post harvest short-term crop rotation in plastic film house plots where soils have been used for continuous watermelon production.

대상 데이터

(6 m × 24 m)] of Kochang Watermelon Experiment Station in Jeonbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Services in March, 2003 through November, 2005. The experimental plot was located at 35º 19' 32"N latitude and 126º 34' 29"E longitude. Before conducting this experiment, the experimental plots had been utilized for continuous watermelon monoculture cropping for seven consecutive years.
Before conducting this experiment, the experimental plots had been utilized for continuous watermelon monoculture cropping for seven consecutive years. Soil texture in the experimental plots is a sandy clay loam containing 51.2 ~ 56.6 % sand, 20.9 ~ 23.1% silt, and 22.5 ~ 26.5% clay.
The plant samples were dried in an air-forced drying oven at 70℃ for 72 hrs and weighed. The dried plant samples were ground using a grinding mill (RM100 Mortar Grinder, Retsch, Germany). Selected inorganic chemicals, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg), in the plant samples were determined using RDA methods (RDA, 2000).
This study was conducted in the plastic film houses [each plot size: 144 m² (6 m × 24 m)] of Kochang Watermelon Experiment Station in Jeonbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Services in March, 2003 through November, 2005. The experimental plot was located at 35º 19' 32"N latitude and 126º 34' 29"E longitude.

이론/모형

The dried plant samples were ground using a grinding mill (RM100 Mortar Grinder, Retsch, Germany). Selected inorganic chemicals, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg), in the plant samples were determined using RDA methods (RDA, 2000). Standard reference material (SRM) used for those inorganic chemicals was commercially prepared apple leaves (National Institure of Standards and Technology (NIST)-1515, USA.

성능/효과

(1999) reported that the highest exchangeable K⁺ / (Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺)^1/2 ratio and EC values were obtained with the highest application of K fertilizer, which indicates that the ratio of soil K⁺ to Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ in soils is closely related to the change in EC value. In this study, exchangeable K content decreased, but exchangeable Ca and/or Mg increased, lowering the soil K⁺ / (Ca²⁺ + Mg²⁺)^1/2 ratios so that EC values in the soils were reduced after cultivating the short-term rotational crops.

참고문헌 (22)

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상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기
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