풍력(風力) 및 습식비중(濕式比重) 선별(選別)에 의한 혼합(混合)폐플라스틱 종말품(終末品)으로부터 PVC 제거(除去)에 관한 연구(硏究) Removal of PVC from Mixed Plastic Waste by Combination of Air Classification and Centrifugal Process원문보기
가정에서 분리 배출된 폐플라스틱은 일반적으로 수선별 등 분리선별 공정을 거친 후 종말품으로 회수되어, 현재 대부분이 매립이나 소각되고 있다. 혼합폐플라스틱 종말품의 경우 2006년 약 175만톤 발생된 것으로 예측되고 있으나, EPR실시 이후로 발생량은 2000년에 비해 2배 이상 크게 증가한 실정이다. 특히, 혼합폐플라스틱 종말품의 경우 PVC 함량(4 wt.% 이하)이 매우 높아 이들의 재활용에 커다란 제약이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 혼합폐플라스틱 종말품으로부터 풍력 및 습식 비중선별장치를 이용하여 폴리올리핀계 (PE, PP, PS) 플라스틱을 경량물로 회수하는 선별시스템을 개발하였다. 본 선별시스템은 풍력선별, 자력선별, 1단계 파쇄, 정량공급 및 습식 비중선별 공정으로 구성되어 있으며, 습식 비중선별 공정은 원심분리를 기본으로 혼합-세척-선별 및 탈수가 단일장치내에 집약된 특징이 있다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 연질 플라스틱의 분쇄 효율을 크게 개선한 파쇄기를 개발하였다. 개발된 습식 비중선별장치의 용량은 시간당 0.5 톤으로, 이를 이용하여 회수된 경량물의 PVC 함량은 0.3wt.% 이하이며, 경량 및 중량 회수물의 수분 함량도 각각 10% 이하를 달성하였다.
가정에서 분리 배출된 폐플라스틱은 일반적으로 수선별 등 분리선별 공정을 거친 후 종말품으로 회수되어, 현재 대부분이 매립이나 소각되고 있다. 혼합폐플라스틱 종말품의 경우 2006년 약 175만톤 발생된 것으로 예측되고 있으나, EPR실시 이후로 발생량은 2000년에 비해 2배 이상 크게 증가한 실정이다. 특히, 혼합폐플라스틱 종말품의 경우 PVC 함량(4 wt.% 이하)이 매우 높아 이들의 재활용에 커다란 제약이 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 혼합폐플라스틱 종말품으로부터 풍력 및 습식 비중선별장치를 이용하여 폴리올리핀계 (PE, PP, PS) 플라스틱을 경량물로 회수하는 선별시스템을 개발하였다. 본 선별시스템은 풍력선별, 자력선별, 1단계 파쇄, 정량공급 및 습식 비중선별 공정으로 구성되어 있으며, 습식 비중선별 공정은 원심분리를 기본으로 혼합-세척-선별 및 탈수가 단일장치내에 집약된 특징이 있다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 연질 플라스틱의 분쇄 효율을 크게 개선한 파쇄기를 개발하였다. 개발된 습식 비중선별장치의 용량은 시간당 0.5 톤으로, 이를 이용하여 회수된 경량물의 PVC 함량은 0.3wt.% 이하이며, 경량 및 중량 회수물의 수분 함량도 각각 10% 이하를 달성하였다.
The mixed plastic waste generated from households after hand-picking and/or mechanical sorting processes amounts to 1,750,000 ton in 2006, and most of these waste are finally end up with landfill and/or incineration due to the lacks of separation technologies and economical reasons. The mixed plasti...
The mixed plastic waste generated from households after hand-picking and/or mechanical sorting processes amounts to 1,750,000 ton in 2006, and most of these waste are finally end up with landfill and/or incineration due to the lacks of separation technologies and economical reasons. The mixed plastic wastes can not be used as raw materials for chemical and/or thermal recycling processes because of their high content of PVC(upto 4.0 wt.%). In the present research, gravity separation system has been developed to remove PVC from the mixed plastic waste and to recover the PO-type plastics. This system mainly consists of air classification, magnetic separation, one-step crushing, feeding system at fixed rate and wet-type gravity separation system. The gravity system based on centrifugal separation has been developed at capacity of 0.5 ton/h and it consists of mixing, precleaning, separation, dewatering, recovery system and wastewater treatment system, etc. The main objective of this process is to achieve high separation efficiency of polyolefins with less than 0.3 wt.% PVC content and less than 10% moisture content in the final products. In addition, a crushing unit of with 8 rotor system is also developed to improve the crushing efficiency of soft-type plastics. The system with a capacity of 1.0 ton/h is developed and operational results are presented.
The mixed plastic waste generated from households after hand-picking and/or mechanical sorting processes amounts to 1,750,000 ton in 2006, and most of these waste are finally end up with landfill and/or incineration due to the lacks of separation technologies and economical reasons. The mixed plastic wastes can not be used as raw materials for chemical and/or thermal recycling processes because of their high content of PVC(upto 4.0 wt.%). In the present research, gravity separation system has been developed to remove PVC from the mixed plastic waste and to recover the PO-type plastics. This system mainly consists of air classification, magnetic separation, one-step crushing, feeding system at fixed rate and wet-type gravity separation system. The gravity system based on centrifugal separation has been developed at capacity of 0.5 ton/h and it consists of mixing, precleaning, separation, dewatering, recovery system and wastewater treatment system, etc. The main objective of this process is to achieve high separation efficiency of polyolefins with less than 0.3 wt.% PVC content and less than 10% moisture content in the final products. In addition, a crushing unit of with 8 rotor system is also developed to improve the crushing efficiency of soft-type plastics. The system with a capacity of 1.0 ton/h is developed and operational results are presented.
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성능/효과
In addition, fines and/or paper fractions are removed before feeding into the system to improve the separation and dewatering efficiencies. Based on the gravity separation tests with a capacity of 0.5 t/h, the result shows that a purity of PO(polyolefins) 99.65% could be achieved with PVC content of less than 0.3% in the final product. Further development of this system will be continued, and contribute to improving efficiencies and growth of the recycling industry in the near future.
The result of the tests showed that the separation efficiency was about 98% and plastic recovery was 90-95% range. Fig.
참고문헌 (10)
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