[논문]A Quadrature VCO Exploiting Direct Back-Gate Second Harmonic Coupling

Oh, Nam-Jin

doi:10.5515/jkiees.2008.8.3.134

[국내논문] A Quadrature VCO Exploiting Direct Back-Gate Second Harmonic Coupling 원문보기

Journal of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science, v.8 no.3, 2008년, pp.134 - 137

Oh, Nam-Jin (Department of Electronic Engineering, Chungju National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This paper proposes a novel quadrature VCO(QVCO) based on direct back-gate second harmonic coupling. The QVCO directly couples the current sources of the conventional LC VCOs through the back-gate instead of front-gate to generate quadrature signals. By the second harmonic injection locking, the two LC VCOs can generate quadrature signals without using on-chip transformer, or stability problem that is inherent in the direct front-gate second harmonic coupling. The proposed QVCO is implemented in $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS technology operating at 2 GHz with 5.0 mA core current consumption from 1.8 V power supply. The measured phase noise of the proposed QVCO is - 63 dBc/Hz at 10 kHz offset, -95 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset, and -116 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the 2 GHz output frequency, respectively. The calculated figure of merit(FOM) is about -174 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The measured image band rejection is 46 dB which corresponds to the phase error of $0.6^{\circ}$.

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성능/효과

To set the sequence of in-phase and quadrature signals, a small size PMOS ring oscillator is added in parallel with the tank'씨 The ring osc山ator is designed to con sume around one-seventh 댱f the 쟝scillator core current and thereby degrades the overall phase noise performance very little. Simulation results show that the QVCO can be designed to have the phase error less than 5° by setting up ±0.5 % inductor mismatch and choosing appropriate ring oscillator size.

참고문헌 (12)

M. Tiebout, 'Low-power low-phase-noise differentially tuned quadrature VCO design in standard CMOS', IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 36, pp. 1018-1024, Jul. 2001

상세보기
P. Andreani, A. Bonfanti, L. Romano, and C. Samori, 'Analysis and design of a 1.8-GHz CMOS LC quadrature VCO', IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 37, pp. 1737-1747, Dec. 2002

상세보기
A. Ravi, K. Soumyanath, R. E. Bishop, B. A. Bloechel, and L. R. Carley, 'An optimally transformer coupled, 5 GHz quadrature VCO in a 0.18 ${\mu}m$ digital CMOS process', Symp. VLSI Circuits Digest of Technical Papers, pp. 141-144, Jun. 2003
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상세보기
H.-R. Kim, C.-Y. Cha, S.-M. Oh, M.-S. Yang, and S.-G. Lee, 'A very low-power quadrature VCO with back-gate coupling', IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 39, pp. 952-955, Jun. 2004

상세보기
C. C. Meng, Y. W. Chang, and S. C. Tseng, '4.9GHz low-phase-noise transformer-based superharmonic-coupled GaInP/GaAs HBT QVCO', IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 16, pp. 339-341, Jun. 2006

상세보기
T. M. Hancock, G. M. Rebeiz, 'A novel superharmonic coupling topology for quadrature oscillator design at 6 GHz', IEEE Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits Symp., pp. 285-288, Jun. 2004
D. Guermandi, P. Tortori, E. Franchi, and A. Gnudi, 'A 0.83-2.5-GHz continuously tunable quadrature VCO', IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 40, pp. 2620- 2627, Dec. 2005

상세보기
P. Tortori, D. Guermandi, E. Franchi, and A. Gnudi, 'Quadrature VCO based on direct second harmonic locking', International Symp. Circuits and Systems, pp. I-169-I-172, May. 2004
A. Mazzanti, F. Svelto, 'A 1.8-GHz injection-locked quadrature CMOS VCO with low phase noise and high phase accuracy', IEEE Tran. Circuits and Systems-I:Regular papers, vol. 53, pp. 554-560, Mar. 2006

상세보기
Nam-Jin Oh, Yeon-Guk Ryu, and Jung-Soo Ahan, 'Quadrature VCO based on direct back-gate second harmonic coupling', in Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea(IEEK). Conf., pp. 457-458, Jul. 2007
D. Leenaerts, C. Dijkmans, and M. Thompson, 'A 0.18 ${\mu}m$ CMOS 2.45 GHz low-power quadrature VCO with 15 % tuning range', in Proc. Rad. Freq. Integr. Circuits Symp., pp. 67-70, Jun. 2002

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