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NTIS 바로가기保健敎育健康增進學會誌 = Korean journal of health education and promotion, v.26 no.1, 2009년, pp.141 - 158
Community-Based Participatory Research(CBPR) has gained attention as a public health approach to develop community health interventions to address health disparities in recognition of the community relevance of specific health issues associated with social determinants of health. It emphasizes commu...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
CBPR에서의 community가 포괄하는 것은? | CBPR에서의 community는 행정구역상의 지리적 지역사회에 국한되지 않고 정체성을 공유하는 공동체를 포괄한다. 따라서 관심사, 문화, 체제 등을 공유하고 소속감, 공동체의식을 공유하는 집단으로서의 community에는 학교나 직장, 군대와 같은 조직과 동호회, 부녀회, 소비자단체, 학부모회, 환우회, 소수자단체 등의 모임이 다양하게 포함되는데 이를 Israel 등(2003)은 정체성 공동체 (community of identity)라고 하였다. | |
CBPR 프로젝트의 평가가 초점을 맞추는 것은? | CBPR의 결과 측정 지표와 평가 틀의 정립이 과제로 지적되는 가운데(Faridi 등, 2007) Green 등(2003)은 CBPR 프로젝트의 평가 원칙으로 연구가 지역사회의 의견으로 시작되었는지, 참여의 형평성을 고려했는지, 참여에 제약이 되는 요소에 대한 개선 노력이 있는지, 참여자와 외부 자원 간의 협력이 추진되는지, 연구 참여자들이 연구결과로부터 이익을 얻는지, 연구자와 참여자 간에 연구결과의 소유권과 전파에 대한 구체적인 합의가 있는지 등을 제시했다. 즉 CBPR의 평가는 CBPR의 결과로 지역사회에 새로운 구조나 문제해결 체계가 생겨났는지, 새로운 지도자들이 나타났는지, 주인의식과 시민참여가 심화되었는지 처럼 지역사회의 참여의 효과로 어떤 중간 결과가 나타났는가에 초점을 맞추는 것이다(Minkler 등, 2003). Minkler 등(2003)은 이러한 평가항목들의 적용을 통해서 CBPR의 수행과 건강증진의 관계상 중요한 매개변인을 도출해낼 수 있으리라고 제안하였다. | |
CBPR의 핵심은? | 지역사회의 사회, 인구, 문화적 다양화를 고려한 보건 연구의 필요성이 강조되고 다양한 지역사회 특색과 맥락에 맞는 맞춤형 보건사업에 대한 관심이 높아진 가운데, 해당 지역사회와 당면 보건문제에 대한 이해 및 현장성과 실천력을 중심에 둔 지역사회 기반 참여연구 (Community-Based Participatory Research: CBPR)가 건강증진 연구 및 사업의 지향점으로 제시되고 있다. CBPR의 핵심은 해당 지역사회 구성원들이 보건전문가, 연구자들과 동등한 협력자로서 당면 보건문제를 파악하고, 결정한 해결책을 실행에 옮기는 일련의 과정에 주도적으로 참여하는 것이며, 그 과정을 통해 지역사회 내의 관련 조직, 단체들의 연결망이 조성, 확대, 강화되고 지도력이 개발되어 지역사회의 건강증진을 위한 자생적, 지속적인 역량(community capacity)이 향상되는 것이다. 지금까지 국내에서는 CBPR 또는 참여형 실행연구 (Participatory Action Research: PAR)가 보건, 사회복지, 교육 등의 분야에서 언급되었지만 실제 적용은 미약하거나 단편적인 사례들이고, 전반적으로 CBPR을 지역사회 현장에서 어떻게 실현할 것인지에 대한 구체적인 조작화(operationalization) 방안의 제시와 논의는 아직 미흡한편이다. |
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