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NTIS 바로가기대한생식의학회지= The Korean journal of reproductive medicine, v.36 no.3, 2009년, pp.151 - 162
양광문 (관동대학교 의과대학)
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
T 림프구가 세포 표면에 공통적으로 발현하는 항원은? | T 림프구는 CD 3 (cluster differentiation 3)항원을 세포표면에 공통적으로 발현하며 기타 다른 세포 표면 표식자의 발현 여부에 따라 크게 CD3+ /4+ 림프구와 CD3+ /8+ 림프구로 분류되는데, CD4+ 림프 구는 helper T (Th) 세포로 칭하며 CD8+ 림프구는 cytotoxic T (Tc) 세포로 칭한다. Lachapelle 등은 임신 전 습관성 유산 환자의 자궁내막조직의 T 림프구의 아형을 관찰한 결과 CD4+ /CD8+ 림프구의 비율 이 정상 여성에 비해 유의하게 증가됨을 볼 수 있 었으며, 이는 CD4+ 세포의 증가 혹은 CD8+ 세포의 감소가 습관성 유산의 원인이 될 수 있다고 보고 하였다. | |
decidual associated lymphoid tissue에서 일어나는 염증반응이 미치는 영향은? | 2 이들 면역세포들은 자궁 내의 태아와 모체가 접촉하는 "태아-모체 접촉면, feto-maternal interface" 에 decidual associated lymphoid tissue (DALT)라는 임신 특이의 조직학적 구조물 내에 존재하며 태아에 대한 모체의 면역관용을 획득하는데 중요한 역할을 하고, 착상 및 임신 유지에 수반되는 혈관생성 및 영양막 (trophoblast)의 발달에 필수적인 무 균성 염증반응 (sterile inflammation)을 유발하는 것으로 알려졌다. 3 DALT에서 모체의 면역세포들과 여러 전달물질간의 복잡하고 다양한 연결망의 형성에 의한 적절한 염증반응은 배아의 착상 및 임신의 유지에 필수적인 혈관생성 및 영양막의 발달에 중요한 역할을 하는 반면 적절하지 않거나 과도하게 오랜기간 지속되는 염증반응은 급성 혹은 만성 이식거부 반응과 유사한 작용을 일으켜 태반의 성장, 태아의 성장 및 발달에 심각한 장애를 초래하며 착상부전 (repeated implantation failure), 습관성 유산 (recurrent spontaneous abortion), 임신 자간증 (preeclampsia) 등 그 병인이 유사한 생식능력장애 (defect of reproductive performance)의 원인이 될 수 있다. 4인간 탈락막 또는 자궁내막에 존재하는 면역세포는 극소수의 백혈구만 존재하며 주로 세 가지 아형의 면역세포 즉, T 림프구, 대식세포, 자궁 내 자연살해세포 등이 주를 이루고 B 림프구가 거의 없는 점 등에서 말초혈액의 면역세포의 구성과 많은 차이가 있다. | |
면역관용에 관여하는 면역 세포는 어떤 것이 있는가? | 착상, 태반생성 및 임신 유지 등 생식과정에서 semi-allograft인 배아 및 태아가 생존하기 위해서는 모체 면역계의 면역관용이 요구된다. 면역관용은 분자 생물학적으로 염증반응과 항염증반응의 적절한 균형을 유지하는 인식되고 있으며, 생식과정에서 모체 면역계의 T 림프구, 자연살해세포, 수지상 세포, 대식세포 등 여러 면역세포의 유기적인 협조하에 이루어진다. 면역세포들은 특정 항원 및 사이토카인의 자극에 따라 정반대의 성질을 가진 사이토카인을 생산, 분비할 수 있는 특성을 가지고 있어 각각을 염증성 또는 항염증성 면역세포로 명확히 구분할 수 없으며 면역세포의 이러한 특성에 의해 생산 및 분비되는 사이토카인의 종류에 따라 Th0 형 (Th 0 cell, Tc 0 cell, NK 0 cell), Th1형 (Th 1 cell, Tc 1 cell, NK 1 cell), Th2 형 (Th 2 cell, Tc 2 cell, NK 2 cell), Th3 형 세포 (Th 3 cell, Tc 3 cell, NK 3 cell)로 분류하기도 한다. |
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