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대한생식의학회지= The Korean journal of reproductive medicine, v.36 no.2, 2009년, pp.89 - 100
전성욱 (서울대학교 의과대학 산부인과학교실) , 정경천 (서울대학교 의과대학 병리학교실) , 구승엽 (서울대학교 의과대학 산부인과학교실)
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| 핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
|---|---|---|
| 에스트로겐에 의한 흉선 위축에는 어떤 작용들이 관여하고 있는가? | 에스트로겐에 의한 흉선 위축은 특징적으로 흉선 피질 대 수질 비 (cortex medulla ratio, CMR)의 감소를 동반하며,23 이러한 CMR의 감소는 결과적으로 이중 양성 흉선세포의 상당한 감소를 초래하게 된다. 에스트로겐에 의한 흉선 위축에는 골수로부터 흉선으로 이주하는 전구세포들의 감소와 조 기흉선세포의 결핍, T-림프구 전구세포 수용체의 신호전달에 반응하여 생기는 이중 음성 흉선세포의 증식 능력의 저하 등 다양한 작용들이 관여하고 있으며,20~22 또한 에스트로겐은 T 림프구 생성에 있어 중요한 조절자 중 하나인 IL-7의 생성을 조절함으로써 흉선세포 발달에 영향을 미칠 수 있다.24 IL-7은 적혈구계 골수기질세포와 흉선에서 생산되는 조혈생산인자 (hematopoietic growth factor)로서 T 림프구의 생존과 발달 및 항상성 유지에 있어서 중요한 역할을 담당한다. | |
| 에스트로겐의 생물학적 작용은 에스트로겐 수용체에 대한 어떤 과정의 고전적 기전에 의해 매개되는가? | 이는 서로 다른 세포내 수용체인 α 및 β 수용체에 의하여 매개되며,1,5 이들은 전사인자의 핵수용체군 (nuclear receptor superfamily) 중 하나로서 두 수용체는 공통 및 별개의 생물학적 기능을 보일 수 있다.5~8 에스트로겐의 많은 생물학적 작용은 ER에 대한 결합에 의한 구조적인 변화를 일으키는 고전적 기전 (classical mechanism)에 의해 매개되는데, 이 기전은 이합체화 (dimerization)와 핵전좌 (nuclear translocation), 그리고 ERE (estrogen response element)라고 불리는 특정 DNA 구성요소 와의 결합 등의 과정을 통하여 이루어진다. ERE는 에스트로겐 반응 유전자 (estrogen response gene)의 조절영역 (regulatory region)에 위치하는데, ER-α 와 β는 이 ERE의 동일한 DNA 부위에 유사한 친화성 (affinity)으로 결합할 수 있으며, 이러한 사실은 DNA 결합 도메인 간의 높은 구조적 유사성(homology)에 기인한다고 할 수 있다. | |
| 에스트로겐은 어떤 세포들의 면역작용에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있는가? | 에스트로겐의 생체 면역 및 염증체계에 미치는 영향에 대하여 현재 다양한 면역세포와 그들의 다양한 시토카인과 관련된 연구 결과들이 보고되고 있는데,1 B 및 T 림프구, 단핵세포 (monocyte), 대식 세포 (macrophage), 수지상세포 (dendritic cell), 거대아교세포 (macroglial cells), 미세아교세포 (microglial cells), 자연살해세포 (natural killer cell), 섬유모세포 (fibroblast), 혈관평활근육세포 (vascular smooth muscle cells) 등 다양한 세포들의 면역작용에 에스트로겐이 관여하는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 현재로선 아직도 개척해야 할 분야가 많은 실정이다.1 |
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