야간 저온조건이 파프리카 화분 활력 및 생식기관 발달에 미치는 영향 Effect of Low Night Temperature on Reproductive Organ Development in Relation to Pollen Viability of Bell Pepper원문보기
고랭지 파프리카 재배 초기에 기형과 및 단위결과 과실이 많이 발생하는데 야간 저온이 화분 활력 및 생식기관 발달에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 주간 $28^{\circ}C$ 동일 조건에서 야간온도를 $13^{\circ}C$ (LNT)와 $20^{\circ}C$ (ONT)로 달리 처리하여 생장상에서 파프리카(Capsicum annuum cv. Plenty)를 재배하였다. ONT와 LNT에서 화분을 채취하여 10, 15, 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$에서 발아시켰다. 24시간 후 화분의 활력을 살펴 본 결과, 처리에 관계 없이$25^{\circ}C$ 에서 화분 활력이 가장 좋았고 다음이 $30^{\circ}C$였다. $25^{\circ}C$에서 발아율은 ONT화분이 42%, LNT 화분이 21%였다. 화분관 신장길이는 화분발아 온도에 관계 없이 ONT화분이 가장 길었다. 화분관 신장 속도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 에서 발아시킨ONT화분이 가장 빨랐다. 파프리카가 재배된 ONT와 LNT 조건에서 화분 활력의 차이를 알아보기 위해 배지에 화분을 치상 후 ONT와 LNT에서 화분발아 시험을 실시하였다. LNT에서는 야간($13^{\circ}C$) 동안 화분이 발아되지 않았지만 주간($13^{\circ}C$)조건으로 전환되자 화분이 발아되기 시작하였다. 하지만 ONT에서는 야간($20^{\circ}C$) 초기부터 화분이 발아되기 시작하여 주간($28^{\circ}C$)까지 계속 발아가 진행되었다. LNT에서는 과병길이, 자방지름, 수술길이, 화중 및 과중이 증가하였다. 종자수는 처리간 차이가 없었다. LNT처리구에서도 종자가 잘 형성되었던 것은 주간에 수분수정이 이루어졌기 때문인 것으로 보여지지만 기형과나 단위결과 발생 방지를 위해서는 화분발아를 저해하는 저온범위에 대한 정밀한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 보여진다.
고랭지 파프리카 재배 초기에 기형과 및 단위결과 과실이 많이 발생하는데 야간 저온이 화분 활력 및 생식기관 발달에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 주간 $28^{\circ}C$ 동일 조건에서 야간온도를 $13^{\circ}C$ (LNT)와 $20^{\circ}C$ (ONT)로 달리 처리하여 생장상에서 파프리카(Capsicum annuum cv. Plenty)를 재배하였다. ONT와 LNT에서 화분을 채취하여 10, 15, 20, 25, $30^{\circ}C$에서 발아시켰다. 24시간 후 화분의 활력을 살펴 본 결과, 처리에 관계 없이$25^{\circ}C$ 에서 화분 활력이 가장 좋았고 다음이 $30^{\circ}C$였다. $25^{\circ}C$에서 발아율은 ONT화분이 42%, LNT 화분이 21%였다. 화분관 신장길이는 화분발아 온도에 관계 없이 ONT화분이 가장 길었다. 화분관 신장 속도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 에서 발아시킨ONT화분이 가장 빨랐다. 파프리카가 재배된 ONT와 LNT 조건에서 화분 활력의 차이를 알아보기 위해 배지에 화분을 치상 후 ONT와 LNT에서 화분발아 시험을 실시하였다. LNT에서는 야간($13^{\circ}C$) 동안 화분이 발아되지 않았지만 주간($13^{\circ}C$)조건으로 전환되자 화분이 발아되기 시작하였다. 하지만 ONT에서는 야간($20^{\circ}C$) 초기부터 화분이 발아되기 시작하여 주간($28^{\circ}C$)까지 계속 발아가 진행되었다. LNT에서는 과병길이, 자방지름, 수술길이, 화중 및 과중이 증가하였다. 종자수는 처리간 차이가 없었다. LNT처리구에서도 종자가 잘 형성되었던 것은 주간에 수분수정이 이루어졌기 때문인 것으로 보여지지만 기형과나 단위결과 발생 방지를 위해서는 화분발아를 저해하는 저온범위에 대한 정밀한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 보여진다.
Bell pepper plants (Capsicum annuum cv. Plenty) were grown under low night temperatures (LNT: day/night temperature of $28/13^{\circ}C$) and optimum night temperatures (ONT: day/night temperature of $28/20^{\circ}C$) in growth chambers. Pollen grains were collected from plants ...
Bell pepper plants (Capsicum annuum cv. Plenty) were grown under low night temperatures (LNT: day/night temperature of $28/13^{\circ}C$) and optimum night temperatures (ONT: day/night temperature of $28/20^{\circ}C$) in growth chambers. Pollen grains were collected from plants in the growth chamber and incubated at 10, 15, 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$. After 24 hr incubation, in both ONT and LNT, the highest percent pollen germinations were observed at $25^{\circ}C$ followed by germinations at $30^{\circ}C$. Percent pollen germination at $25^{\circ}C$ was 42% in ONT - two times higher than in LNT at 21%. Pollen tube length was much longer at ONT than at LNT, regardless of incubation temperature. Compared with other treatments, earlier and quicker pollen tube elongation was observed in ONT pollen grains incubated at $25^{\circ}C$. To find pollen viability in plant growing conditions, pollen grains were incubated in LNT ($28/13^{\circ}C$) and ONT ($28/20^{\circ}C$) growth chambers for 24 hr. Petri-dishes with pollen grains were put in the growth chambers at the beginning of the night condition. Pollen grains in the LNT growth chamber did not germinate at night ($13^{\circ}C$), but began to germinate when the day condition ($28^{\circ}C$) started. Pollen grains in the ONT condition, however, started germinating from the early night ($20^{\circ}C$) and germination continued during the day ($28^{\circ}C$). Plants in LNT showed increased flower stalk length, ovary diameter, stamen length, flower weight, and fruit length. LNT conditions did not impair seed set. There were no differences in seed sets between fruits at LNT and ONT. Normal seed sets in LNT show that fertilization may be completed during daytime. However, further investigation is needed to find what extent of temperature stress causes malformed and/or parthenocarpic fruits in this bell pepper.
Bell pepper plants (Capsicum annuum cv. Plenty) were grown under low night temperatures (LNT: day/night temperature of $28/13^{\circ}C$) and optimum night temperatures (ONT: day/night temperature of $28/20^{\circ}C$) in growth chambers. Pollen grains were collected from plants in the growth chamber and incubated at 10, 15, 20, 25, and $30^{\circ}C$. After 24 hr incubation, in both ONT and LNT, the highest percent pollen germinations were observed at $25^{\circ}C$ followed by germinations at $30^{\circ}C$. Percent pollen germination at $25^{\circ}C$ was 42% in ONT - two times higher than in LNT at 21%. Pollen tube length was much longer at ONT than at LNT, regardless of incubation temperature. Compared with other treatments, earlier and quicker pollen tube elongation was observed in ONT pollen grains incubated at $25^{\circ}C$. To find pollen viability in plant growing conditions, pollen grains were incubated in LNT ($28/13^{\circ}C$) and ONT ($28/20^{\circ}C$) growth chambers for 24 hr. Petri-dishes with pollen grains were put in the growth chambers at the beginning of the night condition. Pollen grains in the LNT growth chamber did not germinate at night ($13^{\circ}C$), but began to germinate when the day condition ($28^{\circ}C$) started. Pollen grains in the ONT condition, however, started germinating from the early night ($20^{\circ}C$) and germination continued during the day ($28^{\circ}C$). Plants in LNT showed increased flower stalk length, ovary diameter, stamen length, flower weight, and fruit length. LNT conditions did not impair seed set. There were no differences in seed sets between fruits at LNT and ONT. Normal seed sets in LNT show that fertilization may be completed during daytime. However, further investigation is needed to find what extent of temperature stress causes malformed and/or parthenocarpic fruits in this bell pepper.
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문제 정의
It is not clear to what extent of night temperature regime and of exposure duration to low night temperature will af optimum temperatures for pollen viability and relationship between pollen viability and fruit characteristic. This study was conducted to determine the influence of low night temperature during flowering initiation on pollen viability and the characteristics of flower and fruit.
제안 방법
The plant of thirty-day old after transplanting was used for this experiment. Five fullyopened flowers from 5 plants of each OLT and NLT were tapped with a finger to collect pollen grains into a Petri dish with germinating media and three Petri dishes were used for replication. Five fields in each Petri dish were measured.
Percentage pollen germination was calculated by counting the total number of pollen grains. For each replication, fifty pollen grains were used for pollen tube length measurement and the tube length was measured with captured photos by an imaging solution program (i-Solution Lite, IMT i-Solution Inc., Vancouver, Canada).
For examining the pollen viability responding to temperature, the Petri dishes with pollen grains were incubated at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30℃ for 24 hr in the dark.
대상 데이터
After completing dissolution of agar, 5 ml of germinating medium was filled into 10 ml Petri dishes and cooled for 30 min to solidify the agar. The plant of thirty-day old after transplanting was used for this experiment. Five fullyopened flowers from 5 plants of each OLT and NLT were tapped with a finger to collect pollen grains into a Petri dish with germinating media and three Petri dishes were used for replication.
Fruit stalk diameter, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit weight, and calyx diameter were measured for fruit characteristic with 14-day-fruits after fruit set. Thirty flowers and 30 fruits were used for this experiment.
Twelve paprika (cv. Plenty) plants were used for each treatment. Uniform sized seedlings of 50 days old after sowing were selected and transplanted to rockwool slabs in a growth chamber (GC-1000TLH, Jeio Tech, Korea).
성능/효과
In conclusion, LNT condition hindered pollen germinability and tube growth in vitro, regardless of incubation temperature. In both LNT and ONT, earlier and better pollen germination was observed at 25℃ and higher pollen tube elongation was found at range of 25~30℃.
Herrero and Johnson [4] found that prolonged temperature stress during growth of Maize completely inhibited pollen germination in vitro. In this experiment, when plants were grown at LNT and ONT condition during pollen development, percent pollen germination in vitro was much lower at LNT than at ONT. For instance, percent pollen germination in vitro at 25℃ was twice higher in ONT with 42%, compared with that in LNT with 21%.
참고문헌 (15)
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