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문제 정의

  • 8 다낭성 난소증후군 여성의 자매에서 인슐린 저항성이나 고안드로겐혈증의 빈도가 높다는 사실을 바탕으로 시행된 다른 연구들에서도 다낭성 난소증후군 여성의 first-degree relative에서 비슷한 정도의 대사이상을 보이는 것으로 드러나 이들에서도 대사성, 심혈관계질환의 위험성이 높아질 수 있다고 보고되었다.9~11 유전방식에서 뚜렷한 멘델의 유전법칙을 보이지 않아 유전학적 이해에 어려움이 있으나 지금까지 보고된 결과들을 보면 autosomal dominant 혹은 X-linked pattern의 유전양식을 보일 가능성이 있으며, 가족연구를 기반으로 다낭성 난소증후군의 유전방식을 보고한 최근의 연구결과들을 표에 정리하였다 (Table 1).
  • 다낭성 난소증후군의 후보 유전자들은 주로 남성호르몬 혹은 대사 작용, 특히 인슐린 작용과 관련된 유전자들로 압축되고 있으며 최근에는 비만, 인슐린 저항성, 대사증후군과 공통적인 관련이 있는 proinflammatory cytokines을 전사하는 유전자들에 관한 보고들도 나오고 있다. 이에 저자들은 현재까지 진행된 연구결과와 문헌들을 고찰하여 다낭성 난소증후군의 병태생리 중 유전적 요인에 대하여 종합적으로 기술하고자 한다.
  • Reproductive-metabolic abnormality라는 다낭성 난소증후군의 특징과 관련되어 후보 유전자 역시 sex-hormone과 관련된 유전자, 혹은 인슐린 저항성, 대사증후군과 관련된 분야에서 중점적으로 연구되고 있다. 크게 네 가지 분야에서 다양한 결과들이 발표되었으며,23 이중 남성호르몬 대사, 생성과 관련된 분야 및 인슐린 작용과 관련된 분야에서 중요한 연구결과들을 제시하고자 한다.
본문요약 정보가 도움이 되었나요?

질의응답

핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
다낭성 난소증후군의 핵심 병태생리는 무엇인가? 다낭성 난소증후군의 핵심병태생리는 남성호르몬 과다이며, 남성호르몬의 기본적인 작용기전은 nuclear superfamily에 속하는 androgen receptor (AR)에 결합함으로써 유전자 발현을 조절하는 것이다. X 염색체 장완에 위치한 남성호르몬 수용체 유전자의 N-terminal에는 polyglutamine을 전사하는 CAG 반복 다형성이 존재하며, CAG 반복 다형성 길이와 수용체의 activity 사이에는 역관계가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다.
다낭성 난소증후군은 언제 흔하게 발생하는가? 다낭성 난소증후군은 가임기 여성의 4~7%에서 발생하는,1,2 가임기 여성의 가장 흔한 내분비질환으로, 만성무배란 및 남성호르몬 과다를 주 증상으로 한다. 본 증후군의 일차적 병태생리의 핵심은 난소-시상하부-뇌하수체 축에서, 인슐린 저항성과 그에 따른 고인슐린혈증 쪽으로 옮겨가고 있는 추세인데, 고인슐린혈증이야말로 다낭성 난소증후군에서 보이는 대사이상, 남성호르몬 과다증세의 직접적인 원인으로 작용할 것으로 판단된다.
다낭성 난소증후군를 정의하는 진단기준에는 크게 두 종류가 있는데 무엇인가? 현재 이 질환을 정의하는 진단기준에는 크게 두 종류가 있다. 1990년 National Institutes of Health(NIH)의 진단기준은 만성무배란과 임상적 혹은 생화학적 남성호르몬 과다 두 가지 모두를 요구하는 반면,6 2003년 제시된 ASRM/ESHRE consensusmeeting guideline은 만성무배란, 임상적 혹은 생화학적 고안드로겐혈증, 그리고 다낭성 난소의 세 가지 중 두 가지 이상의 기준을 만족할 때로 정의하고 있다.7
질의응답 정보가 도움이 되었나요?

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