본 연구에서는 개 심장사상충을 관리하기 위한 기초연구 자료를 확보하기 위하여 1996-2007년 동안 국내에서 발표된 논문 중 총 14편 (자충검사 1,790건, 성충에 대한 ELISA 항원검사 3,277건)의 자료에 근거하여 주요 위험 요인별 자충과 성충의 항원검사에 의한 유병율을 추정하였다. 자료분석을 위하여 일반견 (pet dog)과 군견 (military dog)을 별도로 분석하였다. 일반견에서 현성유병율은 자충검사 11.7% (183/1,563), 항원검사 16.5% (379/2,302)로 항원검사에서 유의하게 높았으나 (p < 0.001) 두 검사 모두 성별에 따른 유병율의 차이는 없었다. 2000년 이전과 비교할 때 2000년 이후 자충검사와 항원검사에 의한 유병율은 2.5%에서 13.1%, 9.9%에서 20.3%로 각각 증가하였다 (p < 0.001). 항원검사에 의한 유병율은 2세 이하 5.0% (n = 701), 2세 이상 20.7% (n = 1,003)로 연령이 증가함에 따라 유병율이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 (p < 0.001), 실외견 (37.9%)이 실내견 (3.4%)에 비하여 유병율이 유의하게 높았다. 한편 군견의 경우 유병율은 자충검사 38.3% (87/227), 항원검사 38.5% (375/975)로 일반견에 비하여 유의하게 높았으며 (p < 0.001), 잠복감염율은 일반견 37.5%, 군견 66.7%로 나타났다.
본 연구에서는 개 심장사상충을 관리하기 위한 기초연구 자료를 확보하기 위하여 1996-2007년 동안 국내에서 발표된 논문 중 총 14편 (자충검사 1,790건, 성충에 대한 ELISA 항원검사 3,277건)의 자료에 근거하여 주요 위험 요인별 자충과 성충의 항원검사에 의한 유병율을 추정하였다. 자료분석을 위하여 일반견 (pet dog)과 군견 (military dog)을 별도로 분석하였다. 일반견에서 현성유병율은 자충검사 11.7% (183/1,563), 항원검사 16.5% (379/2,302)로 항원검사에서 유의하게 높았으나 (p < 0.001) 두 검사 모두 성별에 따른 유병율의 차이는 없었다. 2000년 이전과 비교할 때 2000년 이후 자충검사와 항원검사에 의한 유병율은 2.5%에서 13.1%, 9.9%에서 20.3%로 각각 증가하였다 (p < 0.001). 항원검사에 의한 유병율은 2세 이하 5.0% (n = 701), 2세 이상 20.7% (n = 1,003)로 연령이 증가함에 따라 유병율이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 (p < 0.001), 실외견 (37.9%)이 실내견 (3.4%)에 비하여 유병율이 유의하게 높았다. 한편 군견의 경우 유병율은 자충검사 38.3% (87/227), 항원검사 38.5% (375/975)로 일반견에 비하여 유의하게 높았으며 (p < 0.001), 잠복감염율은 일반견 37.5%, 군견 66.7%로 나타났다.
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to collect data from the literatures reporting prevalence of canine heartworm (HW) infection in an effort to emphasize the preventive importance of the disease and to serve as baseline data for further studies related to the disease management. Fourteen studies ...
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to collect data from the literatures reporting prevalence of canine heartworm (HW) infection in an effort to emphasize the preventive importance of the disease and to serve as baseline data for further studies related to the disease management. Fourteen studies regarding the prevalence of HW infection published during the 1996-2007 were identified using the meta-analytic approach, involving a total of 1,790 cases by microfilarial test and 3,277 cases by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen test for adult worms. Data analysis was performed separately for pet and military dogs. The overall apparent prevalence of HW infection in pet dogs by microfilarial test and ELISA was 11.7% (183/1,563) and 16.5% (379/2,302), respectively (p < 0.001). No significant difference in prevalence by microfilaria and ELISA was observed between sexes whether assessed by data separately or pooled together. Compared to before 2000, the prevalence by microfilaria after 2000 has increased from 2.5% to 13.1% (p < 0.001), and the rate of adult worm has also increased from 9.9% to 20.3% (p < 0.001). The prevalence determined by ELISA was found to increase with age: 20.7% (n = 1,003) of dogs older than 2 years were positive, compared with 5.0% of dogs (n = 701) under 2 years of age (p < 0.001). Also, outdoor dogs showed significantly higher prevalence than indoor dogs (37.9% versus 3.4%; p < 0.001). For military dogs, the overall prevalence was 38.3% (87/227; 95% CI, 32.1 - 44.7%) by microfilarial test and 38.5% (375/975; 95% CI, 35.4 - 41.6%) by ELISA. This rate was significantly higher than that of pet dogs (p < 0.001). Occult infection rate of 37.5% and 66.7% was found in pet and military dogs, respectively.
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to collect data from the literatures reporting prevalence of canine heartworm (HW) infection in an effort to emphasize the preventive importance of the disease and to serve as baseline data for further studies related to the disease management. Fourteen studies regarding the prevalence of HW infection published during the 1996-2007 were identified using the meta-analytic approach, involving a total of 1,790 cases by microfilarial test and 3,277 cases by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen test for adult worms. Data analysis was performed separately for pet and military dogs. The overall apparent prevalence of HW infection in pet dogs by microfilarial test and ELISA was 11.7% (183/1,563) and 16.5% (379/2,302), respectively (p < 0.001). No significant difference in prevalence by microfilaria and ELISA was observed between sexes whether assessed by data separately or pooled together. Compared to before 2000, the prevalence by microfilaria after 2000 has increased from 2.5% to 13.1% (p < 0.001), and the rate of adult worm has also increased from 9.9% to 20.3% (p < 0.001). The prevalence determined by ELISA was found to increase with age: 20.7% (n = 1,003) of dogs older than 2 years were positive, compared with 5.0% of dogs (n = 701) under 2 years of age (p < 0.001). Also, outdoor dogs showed significantly higher prevalence than indoor dogs (37.9% versus 3.4%; p < 0.001). For military dogs, the overall prevalence was 38.3% (87/227; 95% CI, 32.1 - 44.7%) by microfilarial test and 38.5% (375/975; 95% CI, 35.4 - 41.6%) by ELISA. This rate was significantly higher than that of pet dogs (p < 0.001). Occult infection rate of 37.5% and 66.7% was found in pet and military dogs, respectively.
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제안 방법
Large-scaled epidemiological studies have never been performed in Korea so far and thus, prevalence of heartworm infection by demographic factors in domestic dog populations remains unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this metaanalysis was to find prevalence of canine heartworm infection based on the reliable evidences available, to investigate potential chronological changes of prevalence with year, to explore geographical foci of heartworm infection, and to determine demographic factors related to heartworm infection. The results of this analysis may serve as baseline data for further studies related to the disease management in Korea.
To identify Korean- and English-language studies published from January 1996 to December 2007 on the prevalence of canine heartworm disease in Korea, the author initially performed a computer-aided search of MEDLINE and the Korean Studies Information Service System (KISS). In both databases, the English phrases ‘canine heartworm’, ‘diagnostic test’, and ‘Korea’ were used singly or in combination as search terms for relevant articles.
Prevalence was estimated separately for military dogs and other sources including stray dogs (hereafter pet dogs). Total number of animals examined and number of test positives reported by each study was extracted to calculate prevalence of microfilaria and adult worms, and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed using the binomial distributions. The chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to test differences in prevalence estimates between groups.
데이터처리
The chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to test differences in prevalence estimates between groups.
성능/효과
001). All together, 72 (54.5%) of the 132 antigenpositive dogs had circulating microfilariae, resulting in overall presumed occult infection rate of 45.5%: 37.5% (36/96) in pet dogs and 66.7% (24/36) in military dogs.
In conclusion, although the prevalence of canine heartworm infection is on the decrease over the 12-year period, both serological and microfilarial examinations should be considered together when diagnosing canine heartworm disease in Korea due to high prevalence of occult infection and potentially low diagnostic performance of laboratory tests. Further comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed to determine the risk factors related to heartworm disease and to determine population dynamics of the disease.
6% in Brazil (23). It was also found that the prevalence of heartworm in pet dogs aged over 2 years was 20.7%, while the prevalence was 5.0% for dogs in younger counterparts. This relationship has been well documented from the literatures (1,5,7-9,20,25,29).
후속연구
Therefore, the purpose of this metaanalysis was to find prevalence of canine heartworm infection based on the reliable evidences available, to investigate potential chronological changes of prevalence with year, to explore geographical foci of heartworm infection, and to determine demographic factors related to heartworm infection. The results of this analysis may serve as baseline data for further studies related to the disease management in Korea.
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