[논문]코카인 중독에서 경혈의 복합사용에 따른 상승 효과

전현정; 이봉효; 이경민; 김재수; 이윤규; 이지혜; 정태영; 양재하; 윤성순; 김홍유; 최성훈; 한창현; 임성철

코카인 중독에서 경혈의 복합사용에 따른 상승 효과
A Synergy Effect of Combination of Acupoints in Cocaine Take 원문보기

大韓鍼灸學會誌= The journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society, v.27 no.2, 2010년, pp.31 - 41

초록
AI-Helper

목적 : 침술은 한국과 같은 동아시아에서 잘 알려진 효과적인 치료법이며 정신 이상을 포함한 다양한 질환의 치료에 사용되어 왔다. 서양에서 침술은 유용한 보완대체의학으로서 각광을 받고 있다. 본 연구는 침술이 코카인 섭취를 줄이는 데에 있어서 효과가 있는지, 또 경혈의 복합 처방이 단일 경혈에 비해 더 효과적인지 여부를 알아보고자 계획되었다. 방법 : 본 실험에서는 270~300 그램의 웅성 흰쥐에게 FR 1 프로그램에서 먹이를 자가 섭취하도록 훈련시켰다. 동물이 3일 연속 3시간 이내에 100개의 먹이를 섭취하면 수술을 하였다. 복강주사로 마취를 시킨 뒤 오른쪽 경정맥으로 관을 삽입하고 천으로 고정시켰다. 회복기를 끝낸 동물은 매일 1시간 동안 FR 3 프로그램으로 코카인을 섭취하도록 훈련 받았다. 3일 연속 섭취량이 일정하면 다음날 한의사가 1분간 침 처치를 하였다. 대조군은 침 자극을 제외하고 똑 같은 조건으로 하였다. 결과 : 신문혈은 코카인 섭취를 줄였으나, 다른 경혈은 그렇지 못하였다. 더구나 신문과 태연을 같이 자침한 경우 단일 경혈에 비해 약간 더 억제하는 효과를 보였다. 그럼에도 불구하고 침술이 식욕에는 별다른 영향을 주지 않았다. 결론 : 이러한 연구 결과는 침술이 적어도 어느 정도 코카인 남용 치료에 있어서 유용하며 경혈을 복합으로 사용하는 것이 단독 사용보다 더 우수할 수 있음을 제시한다.

주제어

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.

제안 방법

Rats were trained to press the active lever for sucrose pellets under daily FR 1 schedule receiving food restriction similarly with food training and required to achieve 100 pellets within 5 min. Animals that had succeeded during 3 consecutive days, were passed to the next phase of FR 3 schedule in which 3 presses of active lever were needed for the achievement of the food pellet. The time(sec) spent for 100 pellets was checked, and rats that had shown the establishment of baseline(variation of time spent for 100 pellets for 3 consecutive sessions less than 20% of the mean) were subject for each treatment on the next day of baseline.
In this study, animals received all of treatments unintentionally with counter balance. This random treatment was performed in order to be free from the possibility that there perhaps is a relation between the order and the effect.
the house lights on a wall, and cue lights above the active lever on the opposite wall. The signal of active lever-press was delivered to computer operating schedule manager program and the motor equipped with the syringe of cocaine solution worked according to experiment design.

대상 데이터

Male Sprague-Dawley rats(Daehan Animal, Seoul, Korea) were used and their weights were 270～300g at the beginning of the experiment. Rats were allowed free access to the food and water and maintained on a 12h light-dark cycle, except that animals were kept under overnight schedule on the 1^st day of the food training.

데이터처리

One way ANOVA and post hoc LSD test. Each group n=5.
Schedule manager program(Med Associates, St. Albans, VT) collected the data, and the statistical analysis was carried out with one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) and post hoc the least significant difference(LSD) test using SPSS statistics program. The statistical significance was accepted with the P value less than 0.

성능/효과

All treatments were done randomly and the results of present study show that the basal level of active lever response was 31.86±5.44 for control group, 29.80±4.86 for HT7 group, 30.12±3.03 for PC6 group, 32.28±4.41 for tail group, 30.54±2.74 for LU9 group, and 34.28±3.49 for HT7+LU9 group.
The result of the study has shown that the large increase of locomotor activity and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the ventral tegmental area of mesolimbic DA system were suppressed by HT₇. Based on these results, it was investigated whether acupuncture at HT₇ could affect the cocaine taking behavior or not using self-administration.
Conversion of time spent into percent compared to basal level showed that the percent was 82.92±11.01% for control group and 82.66±3.02% for HT7 group.
In this study, each treatment was conducted randomly, and the results of present study show that the mean of the percent compared to basal level in infusion was 105.54±6.92% for the 1st treatment, 96.28±9.74% for the 2nd treatment, 90.98±9.61% for the 3rd treatment, 98.92±5.09% for the 4th treatment, 89.84±4.61% for the 5th treatment, and 84.24±8.13% for the 6th treatment.
²⁶⁾. The result of the study has shown that the large increase of locomotor activity and tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the ventral tegmental area of mesolimbic DA system were suppressed by HT₇. Based on these results, it was investigated whether acupuncture at HT₇ could affect the cocaine taking behavior or not using self-administration.
The results of present study show that the active lever response was 103.80±12.82 for control group, 79.80±16.34 for HT7 group, 93.20±13.11 for PC6 group, 89.40±14.86 for tail group, 86.40±8.40 for LU9 group, and 81.60±10.71 for HT7+LU9 group.
The results of present study show that the inactive lever response was 0.00±0.00 for control group, 0.00±0.00 for HT7 group, 0.00±0.00 for PC6 group, 0.00±0.00 for tail group, 00.00±0.00 for LU9 group, and 0.20±0.45 for HT7+LU9 group.
The results of present study show that the percent of infusion compared to basal level was 111.68±4.71% for control group, 87.54±8.56% for HT7 group, 101.18±6.01% for PC6 group, 91.32±8.31% for tail group, 94.06±1.92% for LU9 group, and 80.02±7.93% for HT7+LU9 group.

참고문헌 (31)

Hammer RP Jr, Egilmez Y, Emmett-Oglesby MW. Neural mechanisms of tolerance to the effects of cocaine. Behav Brain Res. 1997 ; 84(1-2) : 225-39, Review.

상세보기
Wise RA, Bozarth MA. A psychomotor stimulant theory of addiction. Psychol Rev. 1987 ; 94(4) : 469-92, Review.

상세보기
Egilmez Y, Jung ME, Lane JD, Emmett-Oglesby MW. Dopamine release during cocaine self-administration in rats : effect of SCH 23390. Brain Res. 1995 ; 701(1-2) : 142-50.

상세보기
Di Chiara G, Imperato A. Drugs abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentrations in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1988 ; 85(14) : 5274-8.

상세보기
Dackis CA, O'Brien CP. Cocaine dependence : a disease of the brain's reward centers. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2001 ; 21(3) : 111-7.

상세보기
Kalivas PW. Glutamate system in cocaine addiction. Current Opinion in Pharmacol. 2004 ; 4 : 23-9.

상세보기
Kubrusly RC, Bhide PG. Cocaine exposure modulates dopamine and adenosine signaling in the fetal brain. Neuropharmacol. 2009 ; Sep 16 : [Epub ahead of print].
Bergman J, Madras BK, Johnson SE, Spealman RD. Effects of cocaine and related drugs in nonhuman primates. III. Self-administration by squirrel monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1989 ; 251(1) : 150-5.

상세보기
Ritz MC, Lamb RJ, Goldberg SR, Kuhar MJ. Cocaine receptors on dopamine transporters are related to self-administration of cocaine. Science. 1987 ; 237(4819) : 1219-23.

상세보기
Anonymous. Acupuncture, NIH consensus statement. JAMA. 1998 ; 280 : 1518-24.

상세보기
Bullock ML, Umen AJ, Culliton PD, Olander RT. Acupuncture treatment of alcoholic recidivism : a pilot study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1987 ; 11(3) : 292-5.

상세보기
Anonymous. Acupuncture. NIH consensus statement. JAMA. 1997 ; 15 : 1-34.
Ren YH, Wang B, Luo F, Cui CL, Zheng JW, Han JS. Peripheral electric stimulation attenuates the expression of cocaine-induced place preference in rats. Brain Res. 2002 ; 957 : 129-35.

상세보기
Shi XD, Ren W, Wang GB, Luo F, Han JS, Cui CL. Brain opioid-receptors are involved in mediating peripheral electric stimulation induced inhibition of morphine conditioned place preference in rats. Brain Res. 2003 ; 981 : 23-9

상세보기
Chae Y, Yang CH, Kwon YK, Kim MR, Pyun KH, Hahm DH et al. Acupuncture attenuates repeated nicotine-induced behavioral-sensitization and c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens and striatum of the rat. Neurosci Lett. 2004 ; 358 : 87-90.

상세보기
Kim DH Yang DH, Kim EJ, Nam DW, Park YC, Park YJ et al. A study on the effect on interaction between acupuncture at Shinmun (HT7) and subject's cold or heat tendency on heart rate variability. J Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society. 2006 ; 23(1) : 25-38.
Park HJ, Ryu YH, Hong MS, Kim ST, Lim S. The effect of $HT_7$ acupuncturing on the food intake and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y expression changed by maternal separation in rat pups. J Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society. 2003 ; 20(4) : 93-101.
Seo SS, Kwon SC, Lee SR. The Effect of Electroacupuncture at the $H_7$ (Shinmun) on the EEG. Korean J Meridian & Acupoint. 2004 ; 21(1) : 29-40.
Ross J. Acupuncture point combinations : The key to clinical success. Churchill Livingstone. London. ; 1995 : 300.
Choi SH, Lee BH, Park IS, Choi NH, Kim KJ, Jang EY, et al. The Effect of Acupuncture on Methamphetamine-induced Locomotor Activity and C-Fos Expression in Rat Brain. J Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society. 2009 ; 26(1) : 39-47.
Lee BH, Kim SJ, Jung CH, Kwon SY, Lim SC, Lee KM et al. A study on the basic principle of the classification of sidong disease, sosaeng disease. J Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society. 2008 ; 25(5) : 43-57.
World Health Organization. Who International standard terminologies on traditional medicine in the western pacific region. Geneva : World Health Organization. 2007 : 237.
Yoon SS, Kwon YK, Kim MR, Shim I, Kim KJ, Lee MH et al. Acupuncture-mediated inhibition of ethanol-induced dopamine release in the rat nucleus accumbens through the GABAB receptor. Neurosci Lett. 2004 ; 369 : 234-8.

상세보기
Zhao RJ, Yoon SS, Lee BH, Kwon YK, Kim KJ, Shim I et al. Acupuncture normalizes the release of accumbal dopamine during the withdrawal period and after the ethanol challenge in chronic ethanol-treated rats. Neurosci Lett. 2006 ; 395 : 28-32.

상세보기
Kim MR, Kim SJ, Lyu YS, Kim SH, Lee Y, Kim TH et al. Effect of acupuncture on behavioral hyperactivity and dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens in rats sensitized to morphine. Neurosci Lett. 2005 ; 387 : 17-21.

상세보기
Lee B, Han SM, Shim I. Acupuncture attenuates cocaine-induced expression of behavioral sensitization in rats : possible involvement of the dopaminergic system in the ventral tegmental area. Neurosci Lett. 2009 ; 449(2) : 128-32.

상세보기
Deadman P, AI-Khafaji M, Baker K. A Manual of Acupuncture. J Chinese Medicine Publications. East Sussex. ; 2005 : 86.
Schone AM. Veterinary acupuncture : ancient art to modern medicine. American Veterinary Publication. 1999.
Diana M, Pistils M, Muntini A, Gesso G. Mesolimbic dopaminergic reduction outlasts ethanol withdrawal syndrome : evidence of protracted abstinence. Neurosci. 1996 ; 71 : 411-5.

상세보기
Lee BH, Zhao RJ, Moon JY, Yoon SS, Kim JA, An H et al. Differential involvement of GABA system in mediating behavioral and neurochemical effect of acupuncture in ethanol-withdrawn rats. Neurosci Lett. 2008 ; 443 : 213-7.

상세보기
Weerts EM, Froestl W, Griffiths RR. Effects of GABAergic modulators on food and cocaine self-administration in baboons. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2005 ; 80(3) : 369-76.

상세보기

저자의 다른 논문 :

LOADING...

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증