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문제 정의
- roots, which grow wild in Korea, was confirmed [10,18,20,22,30,38]. The objective of this study was to compare the antidiabetic effects of individual L. speciosa and P. guajava leaf extracts on db/db mice, with effects due to the combined antidiabetic mechanisms provided by mixture A (L. speciosa, P. guajava, M. indica leaf extract, P. densiflora needles extract, A. senticosus roots extract). It was thought that synergism might make the mixtures superior to extracts from single plant sources.
제안 방법
- The collected blood was centrifuged for 10 min at 4,000 rpm and 4℃, and the serum was stored at -70℃. After completion of the experiment, blood glucose, insulin, HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were measured using an automatic blood chemical analyzer, and the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio (HTR) calculated.
- Five mice from each group were selected each week over 4 weeks, and blood from the heart was collected using a syringe by making an incision in the chest after using ethyl ether as anesthesia. The collected blood was centrifuged for 10 min at 4,000 rpm and 4℃, and the serum was stored at -70℃.
대상 데이터
- Psidium guajava L. leaves (Pg), Morus indica L. leaves (Mi), Pinus densiflora needles (Pd), and Acanthopanax senticosus M. roots (As) were purchased from the Daegu Yangyeongsi herbmarket (Daegu, Korea). 15 kg of well dried herb, were added to 150 L of distilled water for each of the four (Pg, Mi, Pd, and As).
- Six-week-old male C57BLKS/J-db/db mice (n=80) and C57BL/6CrSlc mice (n=20) were purchased from the Japan Shizuoka Laboratory Center (Shizuoka, Japan) and acclimatized to a controlled temperature of 20±2℃, humidity of 55±5%, and a 12h light and 12h dark cycle for 1 week before starting the experiments.
- They had free access to standard pellets (Shizuoka Laboratory Center Inc, Japan) and water. The mice were randomly divided into five groups with 20 animals in each group. The NC group served as normal controls (C57BL/6CrSlc mice) and received vehicle (normal saline) only.
데이터처리
- All values were expressed as means±S.D. The results were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test of SPSSWIN, ver. 12.0.
성능/효과
- After 4 weeks, the FFA level of the PG and LS groups decreased 12% and 7% respectively compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.01), and the FFA level of the PG group was lower than that of the LS group (p<0.01).
- After 4 weeks, the HDL-C level of the PG and MA groups were higher than that of the diabetic control (p<0.01), but in LS group no significant difference was found compared to diabetic control.
- After 4 weeks, the HTR of the diabetic control decreased to 31% of the normal control (p<0.01), showing no complementary increase of HDL-C correspondent with the increased TC level (Fig. 1C).
- After 4 weeks, the TC level of the PG and LS groups decreased 52% and 47% respectively compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.01).
- After 4 weeks, the TG level of the PG and LS groups decreased 30% and 8% respectively compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.01), and the TG level of the PG group was lower than that of LS group (p<0.01).
- After 4 weeks, the body weight gain of the diabetic control increased over 4 times compared to that of the normal control, and showed obesity which is characteristics of type 2 diabetes (Table 1). The body weight gain of the PG, LS, and MA groups decreased 54%, 37%, and 60% compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.
- After 4 weeks, the glucose level of the PG and LS groups were decreased 11% and 6% respectively compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.05).
- After 4 weeks, the insulin level of the PG and LS groups were decreased 15% and 10% respectively compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.01).
- In conclusion, it was proved that mixture A, which is the combination of functions such as intestinal glucose uptake blocking activity, increase activity of glucose transportation to cells, and antioxidant activity of each plant extracts, ensures a higher antidiabetic synergy effect compared to that of the other extracts. However, the components of each plant extracts proved of antidiabetic synergy effects through this study should be chemically analyzed and their chemical structure should be understood in order to provide a basis for future development of diabetes therapeutic agents.
- The activities of nutritional antioxidants can reduce cholesterol absorption, cholesterologenesis, and fatty acid synthesis [12,33]. In this study, Pg and Ls extracts improved dyslipidemia, and Pg extract showed a higher effect due to its anioxidant activity. Apart from the activity increasing insulin sensitivity, Pg extract also acts as an antioxidant activity [7].
- It is highly important to treat type 2 DM by ensuring the antihyperglycemic effect without side effects including weight gains. In this study, mixture A was effective not only in treating hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, but also in recovering from abnormal lipid accumulation in the liver. Furthermore, mixture A proved to be effective in restraining gaining weight gains while ensuring the antihyperglycemic effect.
- The body weight gain of the PG, LS, and MA groups decreased 54%, 37%, and 60% compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.01) and, among these, the body weight gain of the LS group was significantly high compared to other groups (p<0.05).
- The insulin occupied proportion of the Langerhans’ islets of the diabetic control, decreased to 2 times less than that of the normal control (p<0.01) and the insulin occupied proportion of the Langerhans’ islets of the PG, LS, and MA groups were significantly higher compared to that of the diabetic control (p<0.01).
- In our previous study, it was confirmed that mixture A showed antidiabetic effect on type 1 DM [32]. The study, using in vitro pancreas beta cells and in vivo streptozotocin-diabetes rats, proved that mixture A ensured a more beneficial antidiabetic effect compared to the effect of either the Psidium guajava L. leaf (Pg) or the Lagerstroemia speciosa L. leaf (Ls) extract used alone. So, this study verified the antidiabetic effect of mixture A on type 2 DM.
후속연구
- In conclusion, it was proved that mixture A, which is the combination of functions such as intestinal glucose uptake blocking activity, increase activity of glucose transportation to cells, and antioxidant activity of each plant extracts, ensures a higher antidiabetic synergy effect compared to that of the other extracts. However, the components of each plant extracts proved of antidiabetic synergy effects through this study should be chemically analyzed and their chemical structure should be understood in order to provide a basis for future development of diabetes therapeutic agents.
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