[논문]Preparation of Porous TiO2 Thin Films by Poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) and Their Applications to Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Yeon, Seung-Hyeon; Patel, Rajkumar; Koh, Jong-Kwan; Ahn, Sung-Hoon; Kim, Jong-Hak

doi:10.5229/jkes.2011.14.2.083

Preparation of Porous TiO2 Thin Films by Poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) and Their Applications to Dye-sensitized Solar Cells 원문보기

전기화학회지 = Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society, v.14 no.2, 2011년, pp.83 - 91

Yeon, Seung-Hyeon (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University) , Patel, Rajkumar (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University) , Koh, Jong-Kwan (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University) , Ahn, Sung-Hoon (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University) , Kim, Jong-Hak (Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Mesoporous titanium dioxide ($TiO_2$) thin films were prepared using poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVC-g-PVP) as a templating agent via sol-gel process. Grafting of PVC chains from PVC backbone was done by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. The successful grafting of PVP to synthesize PVC-g-PVP was checked by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The carbonyl group interaction of PVC-g-PVP graft copolymer with $TiO_2$ was confirmed by FT-IR. The porous morphologies of the $TiO_2$ films genereated after calcination at $450^{\circ}C$ was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mesoporous $TiO_2$ films with 580 nm in thickness were used as a photoelectrode for solid state dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and showed an energy conversion efficiency of 1.05% at 100 $mW/cm^2$.

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제안 방법

3 wt% concentration, and then cast a drop of solution on the copper grid. Morphological characterization for mesoporous TiO₂ thin films was carried out using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, S-4700, Hitachi).

대상 데이터

76), N-vinyl pyrrolidone(VP, ≥ 99%), 1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylene tetramine (HMTETA, 99%), and copper(I) chloride (CuCl, 99%), are procured form Aldrich. 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (MPII), lithium iodide (LiI), were purchased from Aldrich chemicals and used as received without further purification.
Fumed silica nanoparticles (SiO₂, 14 nm), poly(ethylene glycol dimethyl ether) (PEGDME, M_n = 500 g/mol), iodine (I₂), titanium (IV) bis(ethyl acetoacetato) diisopropoxide, chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate(H₂PtCl₆), titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP, 97%), hydrogen chloride solution (HCl, 35 wt%), and sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH, 0.1 N) were purchased from Aldrich. Distilled water was obtained with a water purification system made by Millipore Corporation.
Transparent glass, coated with conductive FTO, was used for the photoelectrode. The neat glass was cleaned by sonication in isopropanol and then in chloroform.

이론/모형

In this study, poly(vinyl chloride)-graft-poly(N-vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVC-g-PVP) graft copolymer was synthesized by using atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP) technique. It is because PVP is a hydrophilic polymer that can coordinate to TiO₂precusor while PVC is a hydrophobic polymer, which would provide good phase-separated morphology.
PVC-g-PVP graft copolymer was synthesized by ATRP method by using the labile chloride group as the initiating site. The synthesis of graft copolymer was characterized by FT-IR, GPC and TEM analysis.
The volume of the alkali solution containing the fully desorbed dye was carefully measured by UV-visible spectroscopy (Hewlett–Packard, Hayward, CF) at 515 nm. The adsorbed dye was calculated according to the Beer-Lambert law.

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