2D 및 3D 디지털 이미지 분석과 함께 Moir$\\acute{e}$ Tophography 분석을 이용한 화장품의 가슴 탄력개선 효과 평가 Assessment of the Breast-Firmming Effects of a Cosmetic Preparation with Moir$\\acute{e}$ Tophography in Combination with 2D and 3D Digital Image Analyses원문보기
외과적으로 가슴의 볼륨 측정은 석고법, 가슴 X선 사진을 이용한 가슴의 볼륨을 산출하는 방법과 MRI, 3차원 측정 시스템 등을 이용한 측정 방법들이 주로 이용되었다. 그러나 최근 화장품 영역에서 가슴 볼륨 증가 및 탄력개선 제품의 증가로 효능평가가 필요하나 외과적 방법들의 적용은 어려운 실정이다. 그리하여 본 연구는 화장품 영역에서 최초로 등고선 사진을 이용하여 가슴 탄력개선을 평가하였다. 또한 가슴둘레 측정, 디지털 이미지 분석, 3차원 가슴이미지 분석 값과의 상관성을 비교하였고 등고선 사진평가를 가슴의 탄력을 평가하는 새로운 방법으로 제안하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 병력조사 및 피부 상태 진단을 통해 건강한 여성 피험자 30명이 시험에 참여하였다. 피험자로 하여금 제품사용 전과 2주, 4주, 8주 후 시점에서 가슴둘레 측정, 유두점의 각도와 거리 분석, Moire's Topography를 이용한 scoring, 3D가슴측정을 실시하여 가슴확대 및 탄력개선 정도를 평가하였다. 평가 결과 디지털 이미지를 분석결과 유두점의 각도(Angle)는 시점별로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 유의성은 없었다. 유두점으로부터 밑가슴까지의 길이(Length)는 시점별로 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.05). 또한, 유두점으로부터 밑가슴까지의 높이는 4주 후, 8주 후 시점에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.05). Moire's Topography Score 평가 결과 각 시점별로 유의하게 개선하였다(p < 0.05). 3차원 가슴 부피 분석 값은 각 시점별로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 상관성 분석결과 Moir$\acute{e}$ tophography score는 디지털 이미지 분석 값 중 길이, 높이와 유의한 상관성이 있었고 3차원 부피 분석 값과 유의한 상관성이 관찰되었다. 따라서 Moire's Topography Score 평가는 이미지 분석과 3차원 부피분석 평가법과 더불어 화장품에 의한 탄력 및 처짐 개선을 평가하는 데 중요한 평가방법으로 사용될 것으로 사료된다.
외과적으로 가슴의 볼륨 측정은 석고법, 가슴 X선 사진을 이용한 가슴의 볼륨을 산출하는 방법과 MRI, 3차원 측정 시스템 등을 이용한 측정 방법들이 주로 이용되었다. 그러나 최근 화장품 영역에서 가슴 볼륨 증가 및 탄력개선 제품의 증가로 효능평가가 필요하나 외과적 방법들의 적용은 어려운 실정이다. 그리하여 본 연구는 화장품 영역에서 최초로 등고선 사진을 이용하여 가슴 탄력개선을 평가하였다. 또한 가슴둘레 측정, 디지털 이미지 분석, 3차원 가슴이미지 분석 값과의 상관성을 비교하였고 등고선 사진평가를 가슴의 탄력을 평가하는 새로운 방법으로 제안하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 병력조사 및 피부 상태 진단을 통해 건강한 여성 피험자 30명이 시험에 참여하였다. 피험자로 하여금 제품사용 전과 2주, 4주, 8주 후 시점에서 가슴둘레 측정, 유두점의 각도와 거리 분석, Moire's Topography를 이용한 scoring, 3D가슴측정을 실시하여 가슴확대 및 탄력개선 정도를 평가하였다. 평가 결과 디지털 이미지를 분석결과 유두점의 각도(Angle)는 시점별로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 유의성은 없었다. 유두점으로부터 밑가슴까지의 길이(Length)는 시점별로 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.05). 또한, 유두점으로부터 밑가슴까지의 높이는 4주 후, 8주 후 시점에서 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다(p < 0.05). Moire's Topography Score 평가 결과 각 시점별로 유의하게 개선하였다(p < 0.05). 3차원 가슴 부피 분석 값은 각 시점별로 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 상관성 분석결과 Moir$\acute{e}$ tophography score는 디지털 이미지 분석 값 중 길이, 높이와 유의한 상관성이 있었고 3차원 부피 분석 값과 유의한 상관성이 관찰되었다. 따라서 Moire's Topography Score 평가는 이미지 분석과 3차원 부피분석 평가법과 더불어 화장품에 의한 탄력 및 처짐 개선을 평가하는 데 중요한 평가방법으로 사용될 것으로 사료된다.
Cosmetic products which might augment the breast have attracted an attention and objective methods for the evaluation of such products are in high demand. This study was conducted to establish a method for assessing the breast-firmming effects of cosmetics. This study included a total of 30 healthy ...
Cosmetic products which might augment the breast have attracted an attention and objective methods for the evaluation of such products are in high demand. This study was conducted to establish a method for assessing the breast-firmming effects of cosmetics. This study included a total of 30 healthy Korean females aged 20-50 years. A cosmetic product was applied by massaging it onto the breast twice a day for 8 weeks. Measurement of breast girth with a tape ruler, 2D and 3D digital image analyses, and Moir$\acute{e}$ topographic analysis were performed before and following the treatment. The application of a cosmetic onto the breast significantly increased breast girth at 2, 4 and 8 weeks without a significant change in underbreast girth, implicating the breast might be augmented. The 2D image analysis indicated that the arc length of the breast which represents the surface distance from the nipple to the periphery of the under-breast was significantly increased at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The height of the breast which represents the perpendicular distance from the nipple to the periphery of the under-breast was also increased significantly at 4 and 8 weeks. The 3D image analysis of body surface also demonstrated a significant increase of breast volume at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Moir$\acute{e}$ topographic analysis indicated that breast sagging was significantly reduced at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The results of this study suggest that Moir$\acute{e}$ topography in combination with 2D and 3D digital image analyses may be useful for evaluating the breast-augmenting effects of cosmetics.
Cosmetic products which might augment the breast have attracted an attention and objective methods for the evaluation of such products are in high demand. This study was conducted to establish a method for assessing the breast-firmming effects of cosmetics. This study included a total of 30 healthy Korean females aged 20-50 years. A cosmetic product was applied by massaging it onto the breast twice a day for 8 weeks. Measurement of breast girth with a tape ruler, 2D and 3D digital image analyses, and Moir$\acute{e}$ topographic analysis were performed before and following the treatment. The application of a cosmetic onto the breast significantly increased breast girth at 2, 4 and 8 weeks without a significant change in underbreast girth, implicating the breast might be augmented. The 2D image analysis indicated that the arc length of the breast which represents the surface distance from the nipple to the periphery of the under-breast was significantly increased at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The height of the breast which represents the perpendicular distance from the nipple to the periphery of the under-breast was also increased significantly at 4 and 8 weeks. The 3D image analysis of body surface also demonstrated a significant increase of breast volume at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. Moir$\acute{e}$ topographic analysis indicated that breast sagging was significantly reduced at 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The results of this study suggest that Moir$\acute{e}$ topography in combination with 2D and 3D digital image analyses may be useful for evaluating the breast-augmenting effects of cosmetics.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
문제 정의
This study demonstrated that digital image analysis and Moiré topography can be used in the monitoring of morphological changes of the breast due to cosmetic treatments.
제안 방법
The product was applied on the breast twice a day in the morning and in the evening with massage, in order to reducing the hormone cycles affect the test was performed for 8 weeks.
The purpose of the present study was to establish a protocol for assessing changes in the various parameters of the breast following the use of a cosmetic preparation as a model case. Measurement of breast girth with a tape ruler, 2D and 3D digital image analyses, and Moiré topographic analysis were performed before and following the treatment of a cosmetic product on the breast of human subjects.
To examine the potential effects of a cosmetic cream on the breast sagging, Moiré topographic analysis was undertaken.
대상 데이터
Breast sagging was evaluated by Moiré topography. The subjects were unclothed and seated on a chair of contour device back and photographs of the left and right breast were taken with a digital camera (Nikon D40, Nikon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) under the fixed lighting conditions. Breast sagging was classified as follows: 1, very severe sagging; 2, severe sagging; 3, moderate sagging; 4, mild sagging; 5, no sagging (Figure 2).
This study included a total of 30 healthy Korean females aged 20 ∼ 50 years.
데이터처리
All statistical analyses were performed using the paired t-test on SPSS Package Program 11.5. Comparisons of mean values between the measurement techniques were made using Pearson correlation.
5. Comparisons of mean values between the measurement techniques were made using Pearson correlation.
이론/모형
Breast volume was analyzed by 3D Image Analysis GFM PRIMOS body (GFMesstechnik GmbH, Berlin, Germany) (Figure 1d). The principle of this optical method is the digital stripe projection technique based on digital micromirror projectors. Stripes with a sinusoidal intensity of brightness are projected onto the surface of the object being measured and its projection (the stripes changed by the height profile of the object) is recorded at a defined strangulation angle by a CCD camera.
성능/효과
The arc length of the breast from the nipple to the periphery of the under-breast was significantly increased the values were increased from 264.43 ± 39.94 pixels (base line values) to 267.67 ± 40.92 pixels at 2 weeks, 272.67 ± 41.30 pixels at 4 weeks and 275.88 ± 38.70 pixels at 8 weeks.
The results of this study suggest that Moiré topography as well as digital image analysis and 3D body surface imaging may be useful for evaluating the volume and firmness of the breast after the application of cosmetic products.
참고문헌 (12)
K. Tsukahara, Y. Takema, T. Fujimura, S. Moriwaki, T. Kitahara, and G. Imokawa, Determination of age-related changes in the morphological structure (sagging) of the human cheek using a photonumeric scale and three-dimensional surface parameters. Int. J. Cosme. Sci., 22(4), 247 (2000).
T. Ezure, J. Hosoi, S. Amano, and T. Tsuchiya, Sagging of the cheek is related to skin elasticity, fat mass and mimetic muscle function. Skin Res Technol., 15(3), 299 (2009).
C. B. Tempfer, E. K. Bentz, S. Leodolter, G. Tscherne, F. Reuss, H. S. Cross, and J. C. Huber, Phytoestrogens in clinical practice: a review of the literature. Fertil Steril., 87(6), 1243 (2007).
W. Cherdshewasart, S. Sriwatcharakul, and S, Malaivijitnond, Variance of estrogenic activity of the phytoestrogen-rich plant. Maturitas., 20(4), 350 (2008).
R. N. Katariya, A. P. Forrest, and I. H. Gravelle, Breast volumes in cancer of the breast. Br. J. Cancer., 29(3), 270 (1974).
A. Edsander-Nord, M. Wickman, and G. Jurell, Measurement of breast volume with thermoplastic casts. Scand J. Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg., 30(2), 129 (1996).
L. Kovacs, M. Eder, R. Hollweck, A. Zimmermann, M. Settles, A. Schneider, M. Endlich, A. Mueller, K. Schwenzer-Zimmerer, N. A. Papadopulos, and E. Biemer, Comparison between breast volume measurement using 3D surface imaging and classical techniques. Breast, 16(2), 137 (2007).
K. Tsukahara, K. Sugata, O. Osanai, Y. Miyauchi, M. Takizawa, M. Hotta, and T. Kitahara, Comparison of age-related changes in facial wrinkles and sagging in the skin of Japanese, Chinese and Thai women. J. Dermatol. Sci., 47(1), 19 (2007).
S. Ahn, S. Kim, H. Lee, S. Moon, and I. Chang, Correlation between a Cutometer and quantitative evaluation using Moire topography in age-related skin elasticity. Skin Res Technol., 13(3), 280 (2007).
AI-Helper
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.