이 연구는 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단의 신체적 자기개념 인식에 대한 변화차이를 규명하는 것에 목적이 있었다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 연구대상은 S시에서 1개 초등학교를 연구자가 임의로 선정하였다. 그리고 ACSM(2000) 운동 가이드라인 기준에 따라 태권도 참여집단 30명, 비참여집단 40명을 선정한 후 12주 간격으로 3차례에 걸쳐 반복측정을 통한 이원혼합설계를 활용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 이것의 통계처리방법은 SPSS 12.0 for Windows를 활용한 기술통계, 이원변량분석, 대응 t검정과 독립 t검정이었다. 이러한 과정을 토대로 연구를 수행한 결과에 기초하여 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. 첫째, 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단은 측정시점에 따라 신체적 자기개념의 변화패턴에는 전반적으로 차이가 있다. 둘째, 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단의 신체적 자기개념 점수는 1차보다 2차가 그리고 1차보다 3차가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단 간에 신체적 자기개념에서는 2차와 3차 측정에서 집단 간에 차이가 있다. 즉, 두 집단은 태권도 수련에 따른 신체적 자기개념의 변화패턴에는 전반적으로 차이가 있다. 결론적으로 태권도 수련은 유소년의 신체적 자기개념 변화에 효과가 있다.
이 연구는 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단의 신체적 자기개념 인식에 대한 변화차이를 규명하는 것에 목적이 있었다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 연구대상은 S시에서 1개 초등학교를 연구자가 임의로 선정하였다. 그리고 ACSM(2000) 운동 가이드라인 기준에 따라 태권도 참여집단 30명, 비참여집단 40명을 선정한 후 12주 간격으로 3차례에 걸쳐 반복측정을 통한 이원혼합설계를 활용하여 연구를 수행하였다. 이것의 통계처리방법은 SPSS 12.0 for Windows를 활용한 기술통계, 이원변량분석, 대응 t검정과 독립 t검정이었다. 이러한 과정을 토대로 연구를 수행한 결과에 기초하여 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. 첫째, 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단은 측정시점에 따라 신체적 자기개념의 변화패턴에는 전반적으로 차이가 있다. 둘째, 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단의 신체적 자기개념 점수는 1차보다 2차가 그리고 1차보다 3차가 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 태권도 수련집단과 비수련집단 간에 신체적 자기개념에서는 2차와 3차 측정에서 집단 간에 차이가 있다. 즉, 두 집단은 태권도 수련에 따른 신체적 자기개념의 변화패턴에는 전반적으로 차이가 있다. 결론적으로 태권도 수련은 유소년의 신체적 자기개념 변화에 효과가 있다.
The purpose of this study was to verify differences in changes of physical self-concept between Taekwondo participation group and non Taekwondo participation group in order to meet the needs of the study the limitations of previous studies had to be considered. The participants were elementary stude...
The purpose of this study was to verify differences in changes of physical self-concept between Taekwondo participation group and non Taekwondo participation group in order to meet the needs of the study the limitations of previous studies had to be considered. The participants were elementary students in S city selected by this researcher. 30 students were in the Taekwondo participation group and 40 students were in the non Taekwondo participation group decided by ACSM(15) exercise guide line standard, three times repetition measurements per 12 weeks were executed for $2{\times}3$ mixed design with repeated measure. For this statistic, SPSS 12.0 for windows was used for technical statistic, two-way ANOVA, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The results were as follows; First, there were differences of change pattern in physical self-concept generally between Taekwondo participation group and non Taekwondo participation group. Second, there was a difference between Taekwondo exercise group and non Taekwondo exercise group according to 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd measurement point partially. Third, there were differences between the Taekwondo exercise group and non Taekwondo exercise group on the 2nd and 3rd measurement. In conclusion, Taekwondo discipline tended to have a large effect increasing physical self-concept.
The purpose of this study was to verify differences in changes of physical self-concept between Taekwondo participation group and non Taekwondo participation group in order to meet the needs of the study the limitations of previous studies had to be considered. The participants were elementary students in S city selected by this researcher. 30 students were in the Taekwondo participation group and 40 students were in the non Taekwondo participation group decided by ACSM(15) exercise guide line standard, three times repetition measurements per 12 weeks were executed for $2{\times}3$ mixed design with repeated measure. For this statistic, SPSS 12.0 for windows was used for technical statistic, two-way ANOVA, paired t-test, and independent t-test. The results were as follows; First, there were differences of change pattern in physical self-concept generally between Taekwondo participation group and non Taekwondo participation group. Second, there was a difference between Taekwondo exercise group and non Taekwondo exercise group according to 1st and 2nd, 1st and 3rd measurement point partially. Third, there were differences between the Taekwondo exercise group and non Taekwondo exercise group on the 2nd and 3rd measurement. In conclusion, Taekwondo discipline tended to have a large effect increasing physical self-concept.
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문제 정의
Therefore, this study will supplement the precedent studies with such limitations by dividing research groups into participants and non-participants in Taekwondo program and measuring their physical self-concept in a repeated manner during the period of the training for the purpose of examining the difference in change.
To select Taekwondo program, a private Taekwondo school was chosen that was using the similar program to that proposed by Open Taekwondo Research Institute of Korean Taekwondo Association. This study placed its main interest in confirming the changes in physical self-concept of group by measured period. The children and young participants participated in the program suggested in [Table 2] more than 4 times a week or 5 hours.
가설 설정
Third, is there a general difference in the scores of physical self-concept between the 2nd and 3rd measure?
제안 방법
To carry out this study, selection and scheduling of a school and a gym were prepared. Also, research design was set and Taekwondo program was selected for repetitive measurement. The following table shows you the detailed information upon these.
Before testing the changes in physical self-concept by measured period and group, this study conducted homogeneity between groups. From the results of independent t-test, the data from the 1st survey with the participants and non-participation of Taekwondo program interview show that they (two groups) didn’t have statistically significant difference in endurance (t=1.
05). Next, main effect analysis was carried out for the measured time periods. The results showed no statistical significance by the point (F (2, 104) =.
Next, to confirm the internal consistency, this study conducted reliability test and came up with the confidence coefficients of each of 7 factors.
Next, to know the change of the trend by measured time point of competence, paired test betweensubjects was carried out. It turned out a linear relationship F (1, 53) =15.
Next, to know the change of the trend by measured time point of physical strength, paired test between-subjects was carried out. It turned out a linear relationship F (1, 52) =4.
Next, to know the change of the trend by measured time point of sports confidence, paired test between-subjects was carried out. It turned out a linear relationship F (1, 53) =15.
This involves the whole concept of study, society, emotion, body and so on. This overall concept is developed to a multi-dimensional perspective consisting of sub-factors divided from each of the whole concept.
This study used the demographic factors such as sex, exercising(yes or no), participatory period, frequency and intensity to see if samples stay in the ranges of tolerance of group characteristics during repeated measurement.
To schedule 3 repeated surveys with the teachers of the chosen school and the masters of Taekwondo gym, the researcher collected possible dates and notified exact dates of interviewing. The questionnaires were sent to the teachers and the masters a week before the interview as well as interview guidelines.
Training program consists of ‘basic motions’ such as kicking, punching, and blocking;‘Poomsae’ executed on a certain line of offense and defense with arm and leg techniques; ‘duel’ focusing on the applied motions of kicking, which implies sportsmanship,; demonstration’ that shows off its techniques; and ‘the art of self-defense’.
대상 데이터
Among the students between in the 3rd to the 6th grade, 40 students who didn’t participate regularly in private Taekwondo institutes or and the school aptitude program for physical activity were chosen.
242%. In total 7 factors and 28 items were explored.
3 different time periods of measurement (1st,2nd and 3rd) by the participation periods of the participants and non-participants in Taekwondo training was set as independent variables and physical self-concept was set as dependent variable. The first interview was conducted with children and the youth,who met criteria for each group, in 3rd to 6thgrade in an elementary school, from March 22 through 24 in 2006.The second interview was carried out from June 14-16 and the third one went on from September 6 through 8.
데이터처리
0 for Windows. The descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) of sub-variables belonging to each common area were obtained for two-way ANOVA analysis and then the analysis was carried out at the points of repeated measurement by group. When interaction effect are not found, paired and independent t-test were conducted as means of main effect analysis for the measured periods and groups.
이론/모형
For the research design, dual mixed method was used for repeated measurement. 3 different time periods of measurement (1st,2nd and 3rd) by the participation periods of the participants and non-participants in Taekwondo training was set as independent variables and physical self-concept was set as dependent variable.
성능/효과
According to the results of main effect analysis upon the factors that didn’t show interaction effect, difference was found in leaving person out among the measured time point, and in flexibility and physical strength between the groups.
Also, independent t-Test showed that there was no difference in the score at the 1st measured point (t53=1.188,p<.05) between groups but at the second (t53=2.475,p<.05) and third period (t53=3.048,p<.01), two groups showed statistically significant difference between groups.
And independent t-Test was carried out on two groups by measured time point and the result showed that at the first point (t53=1.718,p>.05), there was no difference in the scores of competence between two groups in the 1st point (t53=1.666,p>.05) but at the second (t52=3.728, p<.01) and third point (t53=5.553,p<.01) there was statistically significant difference between groups.
And the results of the paired test of between-subjects were confirmed that the mean values of disease in two groups were statistically significant (F (1, 52) =.853(p<.05).
First, there was a general difference in the changing pattern of physical self-concept between the participant and non-participant groups in Taekwondo program by measured time point. That is, there are detailed differences in the patterns of endurance, competence, and sport confidence in physical self-concept.
From the results of independent t-test, the data from the 1st survey with the participants and non-participation of Taekwondo program interview show that they (two groups) didn’t have statistically significant difference in endurance (t=1.666,p >. 05), diseases (t=-.482,p>.05), flexibility (t=1.440,p>.05), obesity (t=-1.882,p>.05), physical strength (t=1.669,p>.05), competence (t=1.718,p>.05), confidence in sports (t=1.188,p>.05).
In conclusion, Taekwondo training has an effect on the change of youth physical self-concept.
In the result, the linear trend between the time points and the groups (AxB) turned out to be F (1, 52) =7.643(p<.01), which was statistically significant.
The result showed that although the participant groups in the program had statistically significant difference at the 1st and 3rd measured time point (t22=-3.737,p<.01), non-participant group had no statistically significant difference at all of 3 measured time points.
The result showed that although there was no difference in the score of physical strength at the 1st measured time point (t52=1.669,p>.05), there appeared statistically significant at the 2nd (t53=3.342,p<.01) and 3rd (t53=4.250,p<.01).
The result showed that the participant group in Taekwondo program had statistically significant difference between 1st and 2nd point (t22=-2.113,p<.05) and between 1st and 3rd (t22=-2.563,p<.05) while the non-participant group in Taekwondo program didn’t show any significant difference at all of 3 measured time points.
The result showed that the participant group in Taekwondo program had statistically significant difference between 1st and 3rd period (t22=-3.563,p<.01) while the non-participant group in Taekwondo program didn’t show any significant difference at all of measured time points.
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