질경이(Plantago asiatica)는 주로 동아시아에 분포하는 풍매화 식물이다. 전분 젤 전기영동으로 이 종의 18개 집단에 대한 알로자임 다양성과 집단구조를 평가하였다. 비록 질경이 집단은 작고 격리되어 있지만, 높은 유전적 다양성을 가지고 있었다. 평균 다형성을 나타내는 유전자좌위의 수는 57.1%였고, 대립유전자좌위당 유전자수는 2.07이였으며, 18개 집단에 대한 이형접합성은 0.201이였다. 풍매화, 혼합적 생식교배계, 큰 집단 크기, 집단 간 높은 유전자 이동, 다산의 특성이 집단 내 유전적 다양성을 설명할 수 있다. 유전적 다양성은 위도와 관련이 있었는데 질경이 집단은 북위 $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}$를 초과하면 유전적 다양성은 현저하게 감소하였다. 반면에 유전적 다양성에 대한 경도 구배는 나타나지 않았다.
질경이(Plantago asiatica)는 주로 동아시아에 분포하는 풍매화 식물이다. 전분 젤 전기영동으로 이 종의 18개 집단에 대한 알로자임 다양성과 집단구조를 평가하였다. 비록 질경이 집단은 작고 격리되어 있지만, 높은 유전적 다양성을 가지고 있었다. 평균 다형성을 나타내는 유전자좌위의 수는 57.1%였고, 대립유전자좌위당 유전자수는 2.07이였으며, 18개 집단에 대한 이형접합성은 0.201이였다. 풍매화, 혼합적 생식교배계, 큰 집단 크기, 집단 간 높은 유전자 이동, 다산의 특성이 집단 내 유전적 다양성을 설명할 수 있다. 유전적 다양성은 위도와 관련이 있었는데 질경이 집단은 북위 $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}$를 초과하면 유전적 다양성은 현저하게 감소하였다. 반면에 유전적 다양성에 대한 경도 구배는 나타나지 않았다.
Plantago asiatica (Plantaginaceae) is a wind-pollinated plant that grows mainly on fields in East Asia. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the allozyme diversity and population structure of 18 populations of this species. Although the plantain populations were isolated and patchily d...
Plantago asiatica (Plantaginaceae) is a wind-pollinated plant that grows mainly on fields in East Asia. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the allozyme diversity and population structure of 18 populations of this species. Although the plantain populations were isolated and patchily distributed, they maintained a high level of genetic diversity; the average percentage of polymorphic loci was 57.1%, the mean number of alleles per locus was 2.07, and the average heterozygosity for 18 populations was 0.201. The combination of a predominant wind-pollinated, mix-mating reproduction, large population sizes, high gene flow between subpopulations, and a propensity for high fecundity may explain the high level of genetic diversity within populations. A direct gradient in overall genetic diversity is associated with latitude. Genetic diversity of P. asiatica is markedly decreased from $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}$ to high latitude and decreased from $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}N$ to low latitude, whereas there does not show a longitudinal gradient in genetic diversity.
Plantago asiatica (Plantaginaceae) is a wind-pollinated plant that grows mainly on fields in East Asia. Starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the allozyme diversity and population structure of 18 populations of this species. Although the plantain populations were isolated and patchily distributed, they maintained a high level of genetic diversity; the average percentage of polymorphic loci was 57.1%, the mean number of alleles per locus was 2.07, and the average heterozygosity for 18 populations was 0.201. The combination of a predominant wind-pollinated, mix-mating reproduction, large population sizes, high gene flow between subpopulations, and a propensity for high fecundity may explain the high level of genetic diversity within populations. A direct gradient in overall genetic diversity is associated with latitude. Genetic diversity of P. asiatica is markedly decreased from $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}$ to high latitude and decreased from $35^{\circ}3^{\prime}N$ to low latitude, whereas there does not show a longitudinal gradient in genetic diversity.
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가설 설정
In this paper, I estimate the allozyme diversity maintained in natural populations of plantain and describe the genetic structure of East Asian populations such as China, Korea and Japan. The results were compared with those of genus Plantago from Europe as well as other species with similar ecological and life history characteristics.
제안 방법
asiatica (Table 1). The clumped distribution of populations was addressed for purposes of hierarchical analysis by designinating three regional groups, each including two to eleven populations. For nine of the 18 populations, collection of individuals was subdivided into two or more geographically separated subpopulations by distance of 50 m.
대상 데이터
The leaf samples were collected from 18 natural populations of P. asiatica (Table 1). The clumped distribution of populations was addressed for purposes of hierarchical analysis by designinating three regional groups, each including two to eleven populations.
이론/모형
A phenetic relationship was constructed by the neighbor joining (NJ) method using MEGA5 [15]. One thousand bootstrap resamplings over band phenotypes in the original data support values for branches in the tree.
The correlation between geographical and genetic distances was evaluated using the modified Mantel's test [13].
The genetic structure within and among populations was also evaluated using Wright's F-statistics [25], FIT, FIS and FST.
성능/효과
650) indicated that there was significantly in a deficit of heterozygotes in the populations. Analysis of fixation indices, calculated for all polymorphic loci in each population, showed a slight deficiency of heterozygote relative to Hardy-Weinberg expectations (data not shown). For example, all fixation indices were positive (235), and 231 of those (98.
A high level of genetic variation was found in the plantain populations. In 18 populations, sixteen of the 28 loci examined (57.1%) showed polymorphism in at least one population, while the remaining twelve loci (Acp-1, Est-3, Est-4, Got-1, Got-2, Idh-1, Mdh-3, Me-1, Me-2, Per-1, Per-4, and Pgd-1) were monomorphic in all populations. The percentage of polymorphic loci within populations ranged from 35.
09 [18]. In addition, among three northern European Plantago species for which there are allozyme data (Table 5), P. lanceolata had the highest genetic diversity. These comparisons suggest that genetic diversity of P.
In addition, a survey of enzyme variability in several populations of Plantago major complex in the Netherlands was very low [22]. In this study we found that P. asiatica in East Asia maintained high levels of genetic diversity.
031). On a per locus basis, the proportion of total genetic variation due to differences among populations (GST) ranged from 0.007 for Lap to 0.255 for Skd, with a mean of 0.098, indicating that about 10% of the total allozyme variation was among populations.
05). Total genetic diversity values (HT) varied from 0.053 (Idh-2) to 0.668 (Acp-2), giving an average 0.351 over all polymorphic loci. The absolute measure of genetic differentiation among populations (DM) was very low (0.
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