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NTIS 바로가기保健敎育健康增進學會誌 = Korean journal of health education and promotion, v.30 no.3, 2013년, pp.25 - 34
Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing school bullying victimization of middle school students in relation to social support, self-esteem, stress coping behavior, and health status. Methods: The questionnaire survey was carried out on a convenience sample of 44...
핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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따돌림을 포함한 학교폭력 발생률이 가장 높은 곳은? | 중학교에서 따돌림 발생률이 높게 보고되고 있는 가운데(Takatoku, 1999), 최근의 우리나라 실태조사에서도 따돌림을 포함한 학교폭력 발생률이 중학교에서 가장 높은것으로 보고된 바 있다(Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, 2012). 그런데, 중학생의 학교따돌림 피해경험은 그 시기가 인생주기의 발달단계에 있는 만큼 그 후의 그들의 사회적응 과정에 심각한 영향을 미칠 가능성이 매우 크다. | |
학교따돌림 현상을 ‘또래에 의한 학대’라고 표현하는 것은 무엇을 시사하는가? | 따돌림 피해경험은 외상성 장애의 하나인 외상후 스트레스장애(PTSD)를 일으키게 되는데(Herman, 1992), 노르웨이의 Olweus는 따돌림의 3가지 기준을 제시하는 과정에서 학교따돌림 현상을 ‘또래에 의한 학대’라는 표현을 사용한 바 있다(Ikejima, 2009). 이는 따돌림 피해경험이 단지 급성 일과성 스트레스 장애가 아닌, 학대경험과 같이 장기적이고 반복적인 외상성 장애 수준의 부작용을 초래할 수 있음을 시사한다. 특히 자아정체성과 성격형성의 발달단계에 있는 초기청소년기 대상자의 경우 이러한 학대 수준의 경험에 의한 후유증은 장기적 경향을 띠게 되어 그 후의 따돌림을 당하지 않는 시기에도 지속적으로 나타나게 되는데, 대부분의 이들 피해 대상자들은 지속적인 자존감 저하를 나타내게 되고 불안과 분노, 우울증 등과 같은 정신적 문제를 갖게 된다(Egan & Perry, 1998; Rigby & Cox, 1996; Schafer et al. | |
bullying의 정의는? | 따돌림의 용어와 관련하여 일반적으로 집단따돌림, 집단괴롭힘, 학교폭력 등으로 사용되고 있는 ‘bullying’이라는 용어는 ‘한 명 혹은 그 이상의 학생들에 의해 반복적이고 지속적으로 행해지는 공격적, 고의적 행동이며, 힘의 불균형에 의해 특징지어지는 대인관계에서 일어나는 행위’라고 한 Olweus (1994)의 정의가 보편적으로 받아들여지고 있다. 그런데 따돌림 현상에 있어서는 따돌림당하는 사람의 주관적 고통이 중요한 요소가 된다는 점에서 최근에는 이와 같은 정의에 더하여 상대방의 고통을 포함한 정의가 일반적으로 받아들여지고 있다. |
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