[논문]유량에 미치는 도시화 영향 평가

정영훈; 문종필; 이승오; 박윤식

doi:10.5389/ksae.2014.56.1.051

유량에 미치는 도시화 영향 평가
Assessment of the Effects of Urbanization on the Watershed Streamflow 원문보기

한국농공학회논문집 = Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers, v.56 no.1, 2014년, pp.51 - 59

정영훈 (Dept. of Regional Infrastructure Engineering, Kangwon National University) , 문종필 (National Academy of Agricultural Science) , 이승오 (Dept. of Civil Engineering, Hongik University) , 박윤식 (Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University)

초록
AI-Helper

도시화는 불투수면적의 증가로 인해 수문학적 변화를 초래하며 또한 지하수량의 감소와 지표유출의 증가와 같은 현상이 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 일유량을 기본으로 한 토지이용 변화 현상에 대한 영향을 정량적이고 공간적으로 다른 토지이용도를 이용하여 산정하는 것이다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 ARCSWAT의 SWAT2005 버전을 이용하여 갑천 유역을 일유량으로 모의 하였다. 모형의 검보정 후, 1997년부터 2001년 일유량으로 모의된 결과를 통계학적으로 분석하였고, 모의된 유량은 Mann-Whiteny method로 테스트 하였다. 도시 면적이 28 % 차이가 있는 경우 SWAT의 유량 모의 결과는 5 % 유의수준에서 도시화의 영향이 모의된 유량에 크게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 도시화의 공간적 변화는 5 % 유의수준에서 유량의 변화에 미치는 영향이 거의 없는 것으로 나타났다.

주제어

AI 본문요약
AI-Helper

* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.

문제 정의

We can prepare a strategy in city planning to minimize the damages from floods and droughts or to maximize the benefit of flood control with various scenarios because GIS tools help to apply a variety of circumstances to the distributed model easily. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to analyze how the spatial and quantitative changes of land use influence hydrologic response. To reach this objective, a set of two scenarios will be applied in this study.

제안 방법

In this study, after investigating the characteristics of urbanization with land use change and estimating the runoff in an urbanizing watershed by using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a distributed rainfall-runoff model, the spatial distribution of urbanization affecting the runoff will be analyzed. Among many rainfall-runoff models, the SWAT (Arnold et al.
In this study, we attempted to evaluate the effect of land use change on daily streamflow in Gapcheon watershed by using the calibrated and validated SWAT model. In addition, the calibrated SWAT model was used to estimate streamflow for two scenarios considering spatial and quantitative change in land use.

대상 데이터

In order to run SWAT, many input data are required. Data treated in this paper are rainfall, daily streamflow, temperature, radiation, wind speed, elevation, land use, and soil type dataset consist of documentary data and map. ARCSWAT enables all data to interact in geographic information system.
The study watershed, which is a sub-basin of the 649 km² Gapcheon watershed drains approximately 597 km² of land (Fig. 1). Because the study area occupies 92 percent of Gapcheon watershed and the stream gauge is available at Heodeok, we will consider the study area as Gapcheon watershed.

데이터처리

In addition, the calibrated SWAT model was used to estimate streamflow for two scenarios considering spatial and quantitative change in land use. The results from SWAT simulations using the scenarios were statistically analyzed by the non-parametric test.
The results from scenarios were examined by Mann-Whitney method, a statistical test. The null hypothesis that medians of streamflows simulated by scenarios VM1 and VM2 considering spatiality of urbanization are equal is accepted with 5 % significance level (Table 4).

이론/모형

NRCS curve number procedure and the Green and Ampt infiltration method are used for estimating surface runoff in SWAT. Also, SWAT provides the Penman-Monteith method, the Priestley-Taylor method, and the Hargreaves method to estimate potential evapotranspiration. In this study, NRCS curve number and Penman-Monteith method are used to estimate surface runoff and potential evapotranspiration, respectively.
SWAT provides three methods to calculate the amount of potential evapotranspiration. Data of wind, humidity, solar radiation besides temperature should be added to use Penman-Monteith method.
Also, SWAT provides the Penman-Monteith method, the Priestley-Taylor method, and the Hargreaves method to estimate potential evapotranspiration. In this study, NRCS curve number and Penman-Monteith method are used to estimate surface runoff and potential evapotranspiration, respectively. The kinematic storage model based on mass continuity equation used to estimate subsurface flow.
The non-parametric test used in this study is the MannWhitney test to compare the medians of results from 2 scenarios. The step of Mann-Whitney test is following as:

성능/효과

Based on statistical test, we illustrated that the medians between streamflows simulated for 1990 and 2000 land use maps are significantly different, but the simulated streamflow for spatially different land use maps was almost unchanged. Also, it was illustrated that simulation for daily streamflow could not catch the effect of spatially different land use in Gapcheon watershed because time step of one day is too long to estimate peak flow which occurs within only a few hours. Moreover, topographic characteristics that the Gapcheon watershed is a mountainous terrain support the short travel time.
Spatial change of land use in the Gapcheon watershed has no significant influence to daily streamflow, whereas quantitative change of land use plays a critical role. Based on statistical test, we illustrated that the medians between streamflows simulated for 1990 and 2000 land use maps are significantly different, but the simulated streamflow for spatially different land use maps was almost unchanged. Also, it was illustrated that simulation for daily streamflow could not catch the effect of spatially different land use in Gapcheon watershed because time step of one day is too long to estimate peak flow which occurs within only a few hours.

참고문헌 (16)

Angassa, A., B. Sheleme, G. Oba, A. C. Treydte, A. Linstadter, and J. Sauerborn, 2012. Savanna land use and its effect on soil characteristics in southern Ethiopia. Journal of Arid Environments 81: 67-76.

상세보기
Arnold, J. G., J. R. Williams, and N. B. Sammons, 1990. SWRRB: A basin scale simulation model for soil and water resources management. Texas A&M Univ. Press. College station, TX.
Arnold, J. G., P. M. Allen, and G. Bernhardt, 1993. A comprehensive surface-groundwater flow model. Journal of Hydrology 142: 47-69.

상세보기
Arnold, J. G., J. R. Williams, R. Srinivasan, and K. W. King, 1995. SWAT: Soil water assessment tool: User Manual, Texas A&M Univ., Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Blackland Research Center, Temple, TX.
Harbor, J., 1994. A practical method for estimating the impact of land use change on surface runoff, groundwater recharge and wetland hydrology. Journal of the American Planning Association 60: 91？104.
Huang, J. C., T. Y. Lee, S. J. Kao, S. C. Hsu, H. J. Lin, and T. R. Peng, 2012. Land use effect and hydrological control on nitrate yield in subtropical mountainous watersheds. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 16(3): 699-714.

상세보기
Junior, O. C., R. Guimaraes, L. Freitas, D. Gomes- Loebmann, R. A. Gomes, E. Martins, and D. R. Montgomery, 2010. Urbanization impacts upon catchment hydrology and gully development using mutli-temporal digital elevation data analysis. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 35(5): 611-617.

상세보기
Kim, H. K., M. S. Kang, E. J. Lee, and S. W Park, 2011. Climate and Land use Changes Impacts on Hydrology in a Rural Small Watershed. Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 53(6): 75-84.

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, Y., B. A. Engel, K. J. Lim, V. Larson, and B. Duncan, 2002. Runoff impacts of land-use change in Indian river lagoon watershed. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering 7(3): 245-251.

상세보기
Kim S. J, H. J. Kwon, G. A. Park, and M. S. Lee, 2005. Assessment of land-use impact on streamflow via a grid-based modeling approach including paddy fields. Hydrological Processes 19(19): 3801-3817.

상세보기
Neitsch, S. L., J. G. Arnold, J. R. Kiniry, R. Srinivasan, and J. R. Williams, 2002. Soil and Water Assessment Tool: User Manual, Version 2000. Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX.
Neitsch, S. L., J. G. Arnold, J. R. Kiniry, and J. R. Williams, 2005 Soil and Water Assessment Tool; Theoretical Documentation. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Blackland Research Center, Temple, TX.
Olivera, F., and B. B. DeFee, 2007. Urbanization and Its Effect on Runoff in the Whiteoak Bayou Watershed, Texas. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 43(1): 170-182.

상세보기
USDA (U.S. Department of Agriculture), 1986. Urban hydrology for small watersheds. Technical Release 55, Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D.C.
WAMIS: http://www.wamis.go.kr/MS/main.aspx.
Yoon, S. H. and J. H. Lee, 2004. Runoff Characteristics by Urbanization in the Mushim Stream Watershed using HEC-BMS, Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 46(3): 43-54.

원문보기 상세보기

저자의 다른 논문 :

LOADING...

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증