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NTIS 바로가기兒童學會誌 = Korean journal of child studies, v.35 no.2, 2014년, pp.85 - 102
The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of racial features, racial in-group classification and preference by Korean children. The study participants comprised 89 children aged 3-5 years. The children performed photograph description and choice tasks. The major findings were as follows...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
인종 인식은 무엇인가? | 인종 인식(racial awareness)은 ‘인종 범주간의 시각적 차이와 사람들이 이러한 구분을 위해 사용하는 지각적 단서에 대한 지식’으로 정의할 수 있다(Porter, 1971). 인종 인식은 다양한 방법 을 통해 측정되었다. | |
집단에 대한 인지적 분류과정과 감정 및 행동 요인의 과정을 따로 살펴볼 필요가 있는 이유는? | 예를 들어 범주에 대한 개념이 있는지 살펴보기 위하여 인종적 신체 특징, 성별, 언어 등이 다른 여러 인물 자극을 유아에게 제시하고 누구와 놀고 싶은지 물어보는 방식이 사용되었 다(Kinzler, Dupoux, & Spelke, 2007; Shutts, Kinzler, McKee, & Spelke, 2009). 지각 또는 인지적 입력이 없더라도 정서적 반응이 가능(Zajonc, 1980)하기 때문에 집단에 대한 인지적 분류과정과감정 및 행동 요인의 과정을 따로 살펴볼 필요가 있다. | |
내집단 범주화와 선호도에서 시각 및 언어 특성을 나누어 살펴볼 필요가 있는 이유는? | 외모나 언어 중 어떤 단서가 더 중요한지에 대해서는 명확하지 않다. 선행연구에 따르면 유아는 피부색, 얼굴생김새, 신체구조, 의복 등과 같은 시각적 특징을 기준으로 해서 범주화를 한다(Stangor & Lange, 1994). 이는 내집단 범주화나 선호도가 시각적 단서의 영향을 받을 것을 시사한다. 한편 언어는 사회적 집단의 분류에서 외모 단서보다 늦게 사용(Bar-Tal, 1996)되지만, 유아가 사회적 세계를 구분할 때 중요하게 여기는 단서(Kinzler et al., 2007; Shutts et al., 2009)라는 결과가 있다. 언어는 집단 구성원과 사회적 관계를 맺도록 하고, 이를 통해 공유된 경험은 사람들이 세상을 보는 방식을 공유하는 기초가 되기 때문에 중요하다(Heller, 1987). 따라서 내집단 범주화와 선호도에서 시각 및 언어 특성을 나누어 살펴볼 필요가 있다. |
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