[논문]한반도 남동부 제4기 단층의 대자율이방성(AMS): 단층의 운동감각과 고응력장 해석

조형성; 김민철; 김현정; 손문

doi:10.7854/jpsk.2014.23.2.75

한반도 남동부 제4기 단층의 대자율이방성(AMS): 단층의 운동감각과 고응력장 해석
Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) of the Quaternary Faults, SE Korea: Application to the Determination of Fault Slip Sense and Paleo-stress Field 원문보기

암석학회지 = The journal of the petrological society of korea, v.23 no.2, 2014년, pp.75 - 103

조형성 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) , 김민철 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) , 김현정 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) , 손문 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과)

초록
AI-Helper

한반도 남동부 일원에는 주요 지질구조선(양산단층대, 울산단층, 연일구조선, 오천단층계 등)을 따라 제4기 단층들이 도처에 분포하고 있으며, 이들의 기하와 운동학적 특징은 한반도의 제4기 지각변형사와 현생응력상태 등을 이해하는 데 중요한 정보들을 제공한다. 이번 연구에서는 진티단층, 모화단층, 수성지2단층 그리고 왕산단층을 대상으로 대자율이방성 방법을 적용하여 단층가우지의 미세구조를 분석하고 단층의 운동감각을 해석하였으며, 그 결과를 바탕으로 단층암의 미세구조 발달과정과 제4기 응력장에 대해 논의하였다. 대자율이방성 측정을 통해 구해진 자기미세구조로부터 단층의 운동감각을 분석한 결과, 왕산단층을 제외한 나머지 세 단층은 모두 역이동성이 우세한 단층운동에 의한 미세구조가 발달되어 있다. 단층면에 거의 평행한 편평형의 미세구조가 발달하는 점과 이방성정도가 클수록 편평형의 정도가 증가하는 특징에 근거할 때, 단층가우지의 미세구조는 점진적인 변형에 의한 최종응력변형이 기록된 것으로 해석된다. 또한, 최후기에 재활된 역단층운동으로 기존의 단층가우지 내에 존재하는 미세구조들은 모두 지워지고 최후기의 운동에 의한 미세구조만이 기록된 것으로 판단된다. 단층가우지의 자기미세구조 분석을 통해 유추된 운동감각으로부터 구해진 고응력장은 동북동-서남서 방향의 압축력이며, 이 응력장은 지진원 메커니즘, 수압파쇄시험 그리고 단층 지구조분석결과를 통해 구해진 한반도 남동부의 고응력장과 부합된다. 결론적으로 한반도 일원은 제4기 동안 동-서 내지 동북동-서남서 방향의 압축성 응력장이 지배적이었던 것으로 해석된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The Quaternary faults are extensively observed along major inherited fault zones (i.e. Yangsan Fault System, Ulsan Fault, Yeonil Tectonic Line, Ocheon Fault System) in SE Korea. Their geometry and kinematics provide a very useful piece of information about the Quaternary crustal deformation and stress field in and around Korean Peninsula. Using magnetic fabrics (AMS), we attempted to determine the slip senses of Jinti, Mohwa, Suseongji2, and Wangsan faults and then interpreted the fabric development process of fault gouge and the characteristics of stress field during the Quaternary. All the magnetic fabrics of the faults, except the Wangsan Fault, consistently indicate a dominant reverse-slip sense with weak strike-slip component. Most of the oblate fabrics are nearly parallel to the fault surface and the anisotropy degrees generally increase in proportion to the oblatenesses. These results suggest that the fabrics of the fault gouges resulted from a progressive deformation due to continuous simple shear during the last reactivation stage as reverse faulting. It is also interpreted that the pre-existing fabrics were overwhelmed and obliterated by the re-activated faulting. Paleostress field calculated from the fault slip data indicates an ENE-WNW compressive stress, which is in accord with those determined from previous fault tectonic analysis, focal mechanism solution, and hydraulic fracturing test in and around Korean Peninsula.

주제어

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	단층 운동학적 특징은 어떻게 분석되는가?	특히, 단층의 운동감각(정이동, 역이동, 주향이동, 사교이동 등)은 당시 응력장에 대한 정보를 제공하며, 나아가 지구조환경에 대한 해석을 가능하게 한다. 단층의 운동감각을 결정하기 위해서는 전통적으로 야외에서 단층활면 상의 단층조선(slickenline), 결정 섬유(crystal fiber), 단층홈(fault groove) 등의 운동감각 지시자(sense indicator)를 측정하거나, 단층면에 인접해 발달하는 끌림습곡(drag fold), S-C fabric 등의 노두규모 구조를 분석하는 구조지질학적 방법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 또 다른 방법으로는 단층암 내입자들의 배열방향, 즉 미세구조를 슬랩분석, 현미경 관찰 등을 통해 측정하고, 이로부터 단층의 운동감각을 결정하는 미시적 접근방법이 있다.
	주요 지질구조선에는 무엇이 있는가?	한반도 남동부 일원에는 주요 지질구조선(양산단층대, 울산단층, 연일구조선, 오천단층계 등)을 따라 제4기 단층들이 도처에 분포하고 있으며, 이들의 기하와 운동학적 특징은 한반도의 제4기 지각변형사와 현생응력상태 등을 이해하는 데 중요한 정보들을 제공한다. 이번 연구에서는 진티단층, 모화단층, 수성지2단층 그리고 왕산단층을 대상으로 대자율이방성 방법을 적용하여 단층가우지의 미세구조를 분석하고 단층의 운동감각을 해석하였으며, 그 결과를 바탕으로 단층암의 미세구조 발달과정과 제4기 응력장에 대해 논의하였다.
	단층의 운동감각에는 무엇이 있는가?	단층과 전단대의 기하와 운동학적 특징은 해당지역의 지각변형사를 이해함에 있어 중요한 단서를 제공한다. 특히, 단층의 운동감각(정이동, 역이동, 주향이동, 사교이동 등)은 당시 응력장에 대한 정보를 제공하며, 나아가 지구조환경에 대한 해석을 가능하게 한다. 단층의 운동감각을 결정하기 위해서는 전통적으로 야외에서 단층활면 상의 단층조선(slickenline), 결정 섬유(crystal fiber), 단층홈(fault groove) 등의 운동감각 지시자(sense indicator)를 측정하거나, 단층면에 인접해 발달하는 끌림습곡(drag fold), S-C fabric 등의 노두규모 구조를 분석하는 구조지질학적 방법이 널리 사용되고 있다.

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