Benyoucef, Fatima
(Geology Department, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane)
,
Makan, Abdelhadi
(Chemistry Department, University of Chouaib Doukkali)
,
El Ghmari, Abderrahman
(Geology Department, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane)
,
Ouatmane, Aziz
(Biology Department, University of Sultan Moulay Slimane)
This study aims to characterize solid household waste and to present physicochemical characteristics of fresh leachate before landfilling in Kasba Tadla city, Morocco. Obtained results show that household waste produced in 2013 were about 11,787 tons, or 0.27 tons/capita/year. These wastes were comp...
This study aims to characterize solid household waste and to present physicochemical characteristics of fresh leachate before landfilling in Kasba Tadla city, Morocco. Obtained results show that household waste produced in 2013 were about 11,787 tons, or 0.27 tons/capita/year. These wastes were composed essentially of organic materials (74%), paper (8%), plastics (9%), metals (1%), and glass (0.5%). However, monthly produced leachate ranges from a maximum of $130.92m^3$ during summer and a minimum of $21.88m^3$ in winter. Moreover, leachate treatment using Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket technique was accompanied by a decrease in electrical conductivity, certainly related to leachate-sediment chemical exchanges. Otherwise, the same acidity reduction phenomenon occurs when pH value increased from 4.49 to 6.17 after 24 hours, confirming the system response since the early stages of treatment. In addition, temporal evolution of the treatment efficiency in terms of COD highlighted a very important reduction which reached 94% after 5 days with an average temperature of $25^{\circ}C$.
This study aims to characterize solid household waste and to present physicochemical characteristics of fresh leachate before landfilling in Kasba Tadla city, Morocco. Obtained results show that household waste produced in 2013 were about 11,787 tons, or 0.27 tons/capita/year. These wastes were composed essentially of organic materials (74%), paper (8%), plastics (9%), metals (1%), and glass (0.5%). However, monthly produced leachate ranges from a maximum of $130.92m^3$ during summer and a minimum of $21.88m^3$ in winter. Moreover, leachate treatment using Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket technique was accompanied by a decrease in electrical conductivity, certainly related to leachate-sediment chemical exchanges. Otherwise, the same acidity reduction phenomenon occurs when pH value increased from 4.49 to 6.17 after 24 hours, confirming the system response since the early stages of treatment. In addition, temporal evolution of the treatment efficiency in terms of COD highlighted a very important reduction which reached 94% after 5 days with an average temperature of $25^{\circ}C$.
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제안 방법
Therefore, the present work consist firstly to evaluate composition and characteristics of fresh leachate generated from household waste in Kasba Tadla city before landfilling, to determine the monthly volume of this discharges, and finally to achieve treatment trials by UASB technique in an anaerobic reactor. The aim of this work is also to test the effectiveness of treatment using UASB technique through determining the appropriate HRT for a reduction of more than 90% COD to reduce pollution load and bring these effluents towards neutrality. The choice of this technique is due to several factors: it is an effective technique, less expensive, easy to use and does not require much installation.
Treatment efficiency was monitored by one-liter samples taken from the buffer tank at the digester outlet for a period of 5 days. Samples were taken at the head of each 24 hours interval, corresponding to HRTs of 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours. The reactor was operated 10 days with a permanent flow for each HRT.
The samples were then placed into plastic bottles in an insulated box and transported directly to the laboratory for analysis [15]. The test was replicated three times during February and March 2013.
대상 데이터
The experimental protocol used in this study consists of a buffer tank and a digester, UASB kind, of 200 liters capacity, 0.93 m height and 0.58 m diameter (Fig.1). The UASB digester is designed to handle an amount of leachate that represents approximately 1/10 of the daily produced amount.
이론/모형
The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) was determined according to potassium dichromate method and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) was measured using the centrifugation method [14]. The Electrical Conductivity (EC) was measured in situ using an EC-214 conductivity meter (HANNA Instruments; Agadir, Morocco).
성능/효과
2 shows mean values of the monthly produced leachate amount together with the standard deviations during 2013 and 2014. The results show that leachate volumes vary between a maximum volume of 130.92 m3 during August 2013 and a minimum volume of 21.88 m3 in December 2013, with a monthly average of about 78.80 m3. The annual evolution also showed that July and August are largest months in production terms.
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