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NTIS 바로가기한국표면공학회지 = Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering, v.49 no.6, 2016년, pp.477 - 485
As expensive and valuable metals being used in electronic and semiconducting industries are abandoned as industrial wastes after use of them, it is required to recover them from e-wasted electronics parts. Gold which is used for printed circuit boards or electronic equipments, accessories, etc., is ...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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귀금속의 주요 생산국은 어디인가? | 그림 1에서 보는 바와 같이, 최근 6년간 세계적인 백금(Pt)의 공급량은 매년 조금씩 감소되거나 정체하고 있는 반면, 수요량은 대체적으로 증가되고 있음을 알 수 있다[45]. 현재, 귀금속의 주요 생산국은 남아프리카 공화국, 러시아, 브라질, 미국, 캐나다, 짐바브웨, 가나, 콜롬비아 등이며, 금은 남아프리카공화국(40%), 브라질(35%), 구소련(15%)에서 주로 생산되고 있으며, 백금족 금속은 남아프리카공화국과 러시아가 전 세계 생산량의 90% 정도를 차지하고 있다[45]. 2015년 Johnson Matthey사의 PGM 시장보고서에 따르면 남아프리카 공화국에서 79. | |
유가금속은 주로 어느 분야에서 쓰이고 있는가? | 리튬을 비롯한 금, 인듐, 갈륨 지르코늄 등의 유가금속은 스마트폰이나 LED, PC, 태양전지 및 연료전지 분야에서 널리 사용되고 있는 금속으로서 점차적으로 적용이 확대되고 있다. 1994년 태양금속공업(주)에서 산·금속 이온교환 회수설비를 개발하면서부터 현재 희성금속, 서라벌금속, 21세기금속 등의 기업에서 이러한 유가금속 회수설비를 제조하고 있다. | |
유가금속을 회수하는 방법은 무엇이 있으며 각 특징은? | 유가금속을 회수하는 방법에는 크게 건식법과 습식법이 있다. 건식법에는 벨트 샌딩, 그라인딩, 환원법이 있으나, 회수공정이 복잡하고 폭발의 위험이 따르고 고순도로 회수하는데 한계가 있다. 습식법에는 이온교환법, 역삼투법, 공침법이 있고, 전처리 공정을 거쳐서 선별된 유가금속들을 산이나 알칼리로 침출하고, 용매추출, 화학침전, 이온교환법, 여과 및 증류기술을 이용하여 목적금속을 분리, 농축한다. 전해정련하면 양극에서 Cu가 용해되고 음극에서 고순도의 Cu로 전착된다. 그림 2에서 보는 바와 같이, 폐전자부품에 함유된 독성의 물질을 제거한 후, 마지막 공정에서 가스화하거나 열분해하여 유가금속을 회수한다. |
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