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NTIS 바로가기韓國學校保健學會誌 = The Journal of the Korean society of school health, v.29 no.3, 2016년, pp.140 - 148
Purpose: This review aims to provide an understanding of the UN recommendations regarding school disaster safety in the context of Korea's school safety system. Methods: Relevant literature and reports on the UN's school disaster safety were investigated. On basis of the analysis, this review closel...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
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UN이 '재난안전을 위한 Hyogo 행동계획'을 통해 제시한 내용은 무엇인가? | UN은 “재난안전을 위한 Hyogo 행동계획(Hyogo Frame-work for Action 2005~2015: Building the Resilience of Na-tion and Communities to Disaster)”에서 재난안전에 있어 학교교육의 중요성을 강조하면서 “재난안전은 학교로부터(Disaster Risk Reduction Begins at School)”라는 기치 하에, 학생들을 재난안전의 “변화의 주체(agent of change)”로 교육시켜야 된다고 제시하였다. 또한 학교는 재난안전 지식과 기술을 효과적으로 공유하고 보급시킬 수 있는 대표적 기관으로서 학교재난안전교육은 가정과 사회로의 확산 뿐 만 아니라, 미래세대의 안전을 확보한다는 측면에서 매우 중요하다고 강조하고 있다[2]. 현재 세계 각국에서는 이러한 UN의 재난안전의 관점을 반영하여 학교재난안전교육에 범국가적인 정책역량을 집중하고 있다. | |
Hyogo 행동계획에서 제시한 학교재난안전의 목적은 무엇인가? | 일반적으로 학교재난안전은“학생을 포함한 학교 전체 구성원으로 하여금 재난 발생 시 어떠한 혼란, 위해 및 위험이 없도록 하기 위한 학교교육 활동으로 효과적인 학습 환경을 조성하기 위한 노력”으로 규정할 수 있다. Hyogo 행동계획은 학교재난안전의 목적을 1) 재난위험저감의 지속발전 교육정책 통합, 2) 국가 및 지역사회의 회복역량 강화, 3) 재난위험저감의 학교재난안전 프로그램 통합 등 3가지로 제시하였다. 이러한 목적을 반영하여 UNICEF 등[10]은 학교재난안전의 기본틀을 “통합적 학교안전(Comprehensive School Safety)”모형으로 설명하고, 학교재난안전 관리, 안전한 학습시설, 위험저감 및 회복 교육등 3개 핵심요소로 설명하고 있다(Figure 1). | |
WHO와 UNISDR의 재난과 위험에 관한 공식을 통해 강조하는 재난안전의 세 가지 실천적 측면은 무엇인가? | 이러한 역량 강화의 필요성을 직접적으로 반영하여 UNISDR [2]은 “위험(risk)=위험사건(hazard) × 취약성(vulnerability)/역량(capacity)”라는 공식을 통해 위험사건 및 취약성에 대한 대응 역량이 재난 위험정도를 결정하는데 주요한 역할을 한다고 제시하였다. 위에서 언급한 공식들은 다음과 같이 재난안전의 세 가지 실천적 측면을 강조하는 것으로 요약할 수 있다: 1) 재난으로 발전될 가능성이 높은 위험요소의 조기 발견, 2) 국가, 지역사회, 조직에 내재하고 있는 취약성 규명 및 제거 노력, 3) 재난 발생 후 피해를 최소화하고 회복하기 위한 정부 ․ 지역사회 . 조직 . 개인의 역량 강화. |
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