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NTIS 바로가기Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering = 한국산업경영시스템학회지, v.39 no.4, 2016년, pp.125 - 136
이지영 (한양대학교 산업공학과) , 김철연 (한양대학교 기술경영전문대학원) , 최경현 (한양대학교 기술경영전문대학원)
The external R&D, which includes the adoption of the external technology and knowledge in addition to the internal R&D, is one of important factors for the innovation. Especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the external R&D has been considered as a key factor to carry out the inno...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
외부 R&D란? | 일반적으로 중소기업은 대기업에 비해 R&D 자원확보의 어려움으로 인해 기업 자체적인 R&D뿐만 아니라 외부의 기술과 지식을 효율적으로 활용하는 외부 R&D 또한 매우 중요하다[32]. 외부 R&D는 외부의 기술이나 지식 등을 활용하여 R&D를 수행하는 것을 의미하며 전략적 R&D 협력, 위탁 개발, 기술 이전 등이 포함된다[11, 43]. 이를 통해 외부 기관이 보유한 기술을 활용할 수 있게 하여 기술 기반을 확장시키며 상호간 정보교류를 확대하는 등 보다 효율적인 혁신활동이 가능하다[29, 45, 52]. | |
DEA 모델에는 어떤 것들이 있는가? | DEA의 결과로 DMU의 효율적인 정도를 나타내는 0-1사이의 값을 갖는 효율성 점수(efficiency score)가 도출되며 이 값은 1에 가까울수록 효율성이 높음을 의미한다[7]. 대표적인 DEA 모델로는 투입을 n배 증가했을 때 산출도 n배 증가하는 최적 규모를 가정하는 불변규모수익(CRS; Constant Returns to Scale) 가정의 CCR 모형[7], 규모의 경제성(IRS; Increasing Returns to Scale)과 불경제성(DRS; Decreasing Returns to Scale)이 존재하는 상황을 고려할 수 있는 가변규모수익(VRS; Variable Returns to Scale) 가정의 BCC 모형[3], 산출을 고정한 채 최대로 줄일수 있는 투입 수준으로 효율성을 측정하는 투입기준(inputoriented) 모형과 투입을 고정하고 최대로 늘릴 수 있는 산출 수준으로 효율성을 측정하는 산출기준(output-oriented) 모형이 있다. | |
외부 R&D의 활용의 긍정적 영향은 무엇인가? | 이러한 외부 R&D의 활용은 혁신 성과 향상에 다음과 같은 긍정적 영향이 있다. 첫째, 외부기관들이 보유하고 있는 서로 다른 상호보완적인 자원(complementary external resources)들을 필요에 따라 효율적으로 활용할수 있어 혁신 성과를 향상시킨다[1, 18, 27, 30]. 둘째, 외부기업이나 기관과의 정보 교류를 확대하여 다양한 정보를 조기에 획득할 수 있어 R&D와 혁신 과정에서의 불확실성을 감소시킨다[1, 17, 27, 28, 30]. 셋째, 여러 기업에 걸쳐 전체 투자 규모와 지식 기반을 확대하여 규모의 경제 효과를 기대할 수 있다[1, 27, 28]. 마지막으로 상호 학습을 촉진시켜 단기간의 지식 축적을 통해 제품개발 소요 시간을 단축시킬 수 있다[17, 27, 47]. |
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