선택한 단어 수는 입니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
선택한 단어 수는 30입니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
문제 정의
- The expectation, however, is that OCE has also show favorable effects in skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle, whitening and skin moisturizing through known and potent anti-oxidative effects on skin aging10). So we intend to observe the effects of cytotoxicity, skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle, whitening and skin moisturizing from lyophilized powder of OCE in this study.
제안 방법
- In addition, OCE’s whitening effects were additionally measured by tyrosinase inhibitory assay and a melanin formation test in B16/F10 murine melanoma cells as compared to arbutin, and skin moisturizing effects were observed through a mouse skin water content test, respectively. In the effects of in vivo skin moisturizing, eight mice were prepared in each group, and the water content (%) in 2×3 cm of dorsal hair clipped back skin were measured by automated moisture analyzers balance 24 hrs after the seventh and final oral administration of vehicle, OCE 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg, in this study.
대상 데이터
- 18 g of lyophilized OCE aqueous extract were acquired and stored at minus 20℃ in a refrigerator to protect from light and humidity until used. Colorless to white powder of arbutin, white powder of TGF-β1, white to slightly yellow solid of Phosphoramidon disodium salt (PP) and white solid of Oleanolic acid (OA) were used as standard reference material for the effects of skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle and whitening, respectively. The powders were also stored at minus 20℃ in a refrigerator to protect from light and humidity until used in this study.
- Eight types of herbs consisted of OCE were purchased from the herbal store (Jecheonhanbangyakcho, Jecheon, Korea), and the composition of individual herbs and product regions were listed in Table 1. A combined 23 g of the appropriate portions of individual herbs consisted of OCE were boiled in 1,000 ml of distilled water for four hours three times at 60℃, and evaporated using an automated round flask evaporator (Eyela N-1110, Tokyo, Japan), then completely lyophilized using a programmable freeze dryer.
이론/모형
- The skin regeneration and anti-wrinkle effects of test samples were also observed through the collagen type I synthesis assay11), the inhibition of hyaluronidase12), elastase13), collagenase14) and MMP-115) in this study.
성능/효과
- Louise, MO, USA) were additionally supplied into cultured medium. The human fibroblast cells and B16/F10 murine melanoma cells were seeded in 24-well plates at a density of 1×105 cells/well and cultured at 37℃ in 5% CO2. After one day, a fresh medium containing 2% serum was added and the cells were incubated in a CO2 incubator at 37℃ in the presence of samples (1.
- Louise, MO, USA) after replacing with a fresh medium every two or three days. In B16/F10 murine melanoma cells, 2 mML-glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louise, MO, USA) were additionally supplied into cultured medium.
- 1, 1 and 10 mg/ml) was compared with OA used as a standard reference material under exactly the same experimental conditions. The OD at 600 nm was measured after 15 min with a 96 well microplate reader (Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland) and hyaluronidase inhibitory activity of each sample was calculated according to the following equation[3]. The results were reported in terms of IC50.
- Louise, MO, USA). The cells then incubated at 37℃ for an additional 4 hrs. The medium containing MTT was discarded, and MTT formazan that had been produced was extracted with 1 ml of Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
- According to these results, OCE is expected to serve as a functional ingredient for fighting and slowing skin aging.
- 7. Arbutin and OCE significantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activities that were concentration dependent.
- Considering the results of this experiment, the suggestion is that OCE showed favorable and sufficient effects in skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle, whitening and moisturizing to serve as a predictable ingredient to fight skin aging. In addition, standard reference materials used in this experiment - Arbutin, TGF-β1 OA, or PP - also showed favorable effects in skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle or whitening and had a range of reference values, suggesting the experiment protocol and results of the study were acceptable.
- 4. Elastase activities were significantly inhibited by the treatment of PP and OCE that was concentration dependent.
- 5. Higher inhibitory activity against collagenase was significantly detected in OA and OCE-treated samples that were concentration dependent.
- 3. Hyaluronidase activities were significantly inhibited on OA and OCE-treated samples that were concentration dependent.
- Considering the results of this experiment, the suggestion is that OCE showed favorable and sufficient effects in skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle, whitening and moisturizing to serve as a predictable ingredient to fight skin aging. In addition, standard reference materials used in this experiment - Arbutin, TGF-β1 OA, or PP - also showed favorable effects in skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle or whitening and had a range of reference values, suggesting the experiment protocol and results of the study were acceptable. Yet more detail mechanisms and studies on the skin protective efficiency of in vivo should be conducted with the screening of active biological compounds in individual OCE herbs.
- Several pieces of scientific evidence on skin wrinkling highlight the degradation of ECM, which is significantly associated with higher activity of dermal enzymes like hyaluronidase, collagenase, elastase and MMP-1 and formation of wrinkles15,31). In this study, TGF-β1 used as standard collagen synthesis reference showed potent growth of Type I pro-collagen synthesis (EC50=18.59±6.19 ng/ml), PP used as elastase inhibitory standard reference material showed potent inhibitory effects to elastase (IC50=10.46±4.90 ng/ml), and OA used as hyaluronidase, collagenase and MMP-1 inhibitory standard reference material showed potent inhibitory effects to hyaluronidase (IC50=0.10±0.07 mg/ml), collagenase (IC50=0.09±0.08 mg/ml) and MMP-1 (IC50=0.55±0.41 mg/ml), respectively. In addition, OCE also showed concentration -dependent increases of Type I collagen synthesis on fibroblasts (EC50=0.
- 6. MMP-1 activities were significantly inhibited by treatment of OA and OCE that was concentration dependent.
- 1. OCE showed no cytotoxic effects on human normal fibroblast and B16/F10 murine melanoma cells.
- 8. Significant increases in skin water content were detected by oral treatment of OCE dependent on dose compared to vehicle control mice.
- 2. The Type I collagen synthesis significantly increased on TGF-β1 and OCE-treated fibroblasts.
- In addition, the B16/F10 murine melanoma cell line was used because it produces melanin, is known to contain tyrosinase, which is associated with melanogenesis, responds to α-MSH activation and is easy to culture in vitro33). The results of our study showed that arbutin used as a standard whitening reference showed potent inhibitory effects to mushroom tyrosinase (IC50=73.37±22.54 μg/ml), and melanin produces B16/F10 murine melanoma cells (IC50=180.23±75.75 μg/ml), respectively. In addition, OCE also showed concentration-dependent inhibitions to tyrosinase (IC50=96.
- 70 mg/ml). These results form direct evidence that OCE has adequate anti-wrinkle effects and can be an ingredient in anti-skin aging food or cosmetics.
후속연구
- In addition, standard reference materials used in this experiment - Arbutin, TGF-β1 OA, or PP - also showed favorable effects in skin regeneration, anti-wrinkle or whitening and had a range of reference values, suggesting the experiment protocol and results of the study were acceptable. Yet more detail mechanisms and studies on the skin protective efficiency of in vivo should be conducted with the screening of active biological compounds in individual OCE herbs.
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