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제안 방법
- Data are presented as the means ± standard deviations of three independent experiments with nine plants per treatment.
- Qualitative and quantitative analyses of iturin A and surfactin in the lipopeptide extracts were carried out by comparing HPLC chromatogram peaks of iturin A and surfactin standards with those observed from the extracts (Fig. 2C). The supernatant was mixed 1:1 (v/v) with ethyl acetate, and the upper layer removed and filtered with a filter paper (Cat.
- The method involved adding 2 µl of 10W-40 Pennzoil (Pennzoil, Houston, TX, USA) to wells of a 4-well cell culture plate (SPL Lifesciences, Pocheon, Korea) followed by the application of 5 μl of the cell-free cultures of KB3 and LM11.
대상 데이터
- Isolates that inhibited these fungi were subsequently screened for biosurfactant production by an assay of their culture filtrates by observing the collapse of oil droplets (Bodour and Miller-Maier, 1998). One hundred and ninety isolates that were positive for both traits were screened further, and two isolates, KB3 and LM11, were selected for further study because they showed the strongest antifungal activity.
- Disease symptoms were assessed 3–7 days after inoculation, depending on the pathogen. The pots were arranged in a randomized complete-block design, with three replicates per treatment, and each replicate consisted of nine plants. The disease index was determined by measuring the percentage of the leaf area or plants that was infected.
데이터처리
- Bars labeled with * for each pathosystem show significantly difference (P < 0.05) in disease based on Student’s t-test.
이론/모형
- The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method and Kimura’s two-parameter model.
- First, the sequence was aligned using CLUSTAL X and edited using BioEdit version 5. Then, a phylogenetic tree was constructed with MEGA6 software (Tamura et al., 2013) using the neighbor-joining method with the Kimura two-parameter model (Kimura, 1980) and bootstrap values based on 1,000 replications. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the 16S rDNA sequences of both isolates were 99.
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