$\require{mediawiki-texvc}$

연합인증

연합인증 가입 기관의 연구자들은 소속기관의 인증정보(ID와 암호)를 이용해 다른 대학, 연구기관, 서비스 공급자의 다양한 온라인 자원과 연구 데이터를 이용할 수 있습니다.

이는 여행자가 자국에서 발행 받은 여권으로 세계 각국을 자유롭게 여행할 수 있는 것과 같습니다.

연합인증으로 이용이 가능한 서비스는 NTIS, DataON, Edison, Kafe, Webinar 등이 있습니다.

한번의 인증절차만으로 연합인증 가입 서비스에 추가 로그인 없이 이용이 가능합니다.

다만, 연합인증을 위해서는 최초 1회만 인증 절차가 필요합니다. (회원이 아닐 경우 회원 가입이 필요합니다.)

연합인증 절차는 다음과 같습니다.

최초이용시에는
ScienceON에 로그인 → 연합인증 서비스 접속 → 로그인 (본인 확인 또는 회원가입) → 서비스 이용

그 이후에는
ScienceON 로그인 → 연합인증 서비스 접속 → 서비스 이용

연합인증을 활용하시면 KISTI가 제공하는 다양한 서비스를 편리하게 이용하실 수 있습니다.

[국내논문] 학령 초기 자녀를 둔 어머니들의 부모됨 경험에 대한 질적 연구
A Qualitative Study on Experiences of Parenthood Among Mothers of Early School-Age Children 원문보기

Korean journal of child studies = 아동학회지, v.37 no.3, 2016년, pp.147 - 166  

도현심 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  송승민 (수원대학교 아동가족복지학과) ,  이운경 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  김민정 (남서울대학교 아동복지학과) ,  신나나 (이화여자대학교 아동학과) ,  김태우 (이화여자대학교 아동학과)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

Objective: The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of parenthood of mothers of early school-age children, with emphasis on cognitive, behavioral, and emotional aspects of parenthood. Methods: Nineteen mothers whose children were 1st and 2nd grade elementary school children participate...

주제어

질의응답

핵심어 질문 논문에서 추출한 답변
양육신념이 부모의 양육효능감과 양육스트레스에 관련되는 이유는? 양육신념은 부모의 양육효능감과 양육스트레스와 같은 심리적 경험과도 밀접하게 관련되는데, 이는 양육효능감과 양육 스트레스의 정도가 부모가 가지고 있는 바람직한 부모에 대한 신념과 그에 비견한 부모로서의 자신에 대한 인지적 평가에 근거하기 때문이다(Abidin, 1992; Sigel &McGillicuddy-De Lisi, 2002). 특히 자녀가 학령기로의 전환기에 있는 부모들은 자녀의 초등학교 적응에 대한 불안과 학업 수행에 대해 염려하는 경향이 있는데, 이는 부모 스스로 자녀의 적응을 도울 방법을 잘 알지 못할 뿐만 아니라 초기 적응이 추후 학교적응과 발달에 밀접한 관련이 있다고 생각하는 것과 연관되어 있다(Jung &Ji, 2006; I.
자녀의 학령 초기는 유아기와 비교하여 부모에게 어떤 시기인가? 자녀의 발달단계 중에서도 학령 초기는 아동이 공교육 과정에 진입하는 시기로 아동은 또래관계의 확장 및 다양한 과업 수행을 비롯한 여러 가지 도전에 직면한다(Doh, Lee, Kim, Choi, &Lee, 2011). 부모 또한 자녀의 이전 발달단계인 유아기와 비교하여, 이 시기에는 아동이 자기조절능력, 사회적 책임감 및 독립심을 기르도록 새로운 양육방법을 사용하고, 자녀의 학교생활 및 확대된 대인관계에서 발생할 수 있는 다양한 문제를 해결할 수 있도록 돕는 조력자의 역할을 수행하는 과정에서 부모로서의 다양한 역할긴장과 스트레스를 경험하기 쉬운 시기이다(Collins, Madsen, &Susman-Stillman, 2002; Ha &Jang, 2010; S. J.
양육신념은 무엇을 의미하는가? 부모됨 경험과 관련하여 인지적 측면에 해당하는 양육신념은 부모역할 인식, 아동에 대한 관점과 기대, 자녀양육의 목표 및 바람직한 양육행동에 대한 관점을 포함한, 아동과 부모에 대한 광범위한 신념체계를 의미하는 것으로, 부모됨 경험을 통합적으로 이해할 수 있도록 돕는다(Bugental, 1992; Cohen, 2004; Doh, 2012; Sigel &McGillicuddy-De Lisi, 2002). 이러한 부모의 인지적 구조는 부모가 자신의 경험 및 환경을 해석하고 정서적, 행동적으로 반응하는 일관적 경향성을 형성하므로(Haight, Parke, &Black, 1997; Newberger, 1980), 부모됨은 물론, 나아가 아동의 발달적 결과를 이해하는 데 중요한 역할을 한다(Clarke-Stewart, 1988; Goodnow, 2002).
질의응답 정보가 도움이 되었나요?

참고문헌 (103)

  1. Abidin, R. R. (1990). Introduction to the special issue: The stresses of parenting. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 19(4), 298-301. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp1904_1 

  2. Abidin, R. R. (1992). The determinants of parenting behavior. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 21(4), 407-412. doi:10.1207/s15374424jccp2104_12 

  3. Ambert, A. (2001). The effect of children on parents. New York: Hawthorne. 

  4. Barry, T. D., Dunlap, S. T., Lochman, J. E., & Wells, K. C. (2009). Inconsistent discipline as a mediator between maternal distress and aggression in boys. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 31(1), 1-19. doi:10.1080/07317100802701186 

  5. Belsky, J., Ward, M., & Rovine, M. (1986). Prenatal expectations, postnatal experiences, and the transition to parenthood. In R. Ashmore & D. Brodzinsky (Eds.), Thinking about the family (pp.139-145). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 

  6. Bigner, J. J., & Gerhardt, C. (2014). Parent-child relations: An introduction to parenting. NJ: Pearson. 

  7. Bornstein, M. H. (Ed.). (2002). Handbook of Parenting: Vol. 1. Children and parenting. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 

  8. Bornstein, M. H., & Cote, L. R. (2006). Acculturation and parentchild relationships: Measurement and development. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 

  9. Bos, H. M., van Balen, F., & van den Boom, D. C. (2004). Experience of parenthood, couple relationship, social support, and child-rearing goals in planned lesbian mother families. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(4), 755-764. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00269.x 

  10. Bugental, D. B. (1992). Affective and cognitive processes within threat-oriented family systems. In I. E. Sigel, A. V. McGillicuddy-De Lisi, & J. J. Goodnow (Eds.), Parental belief systems: The psychological consequences for children (2nd ed., pp. 219-248). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associate. 

  11. Clark-Stewart, K. A. (1988). Parents' effects on children's development: A decade of progress. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 9(1), 41-84. doi:10.1016/0193-3973(88)90004-4 

  12. Cohen, E. (2004). Parental belief systems and difficulties in parenting: Using the parental awareness scheme as a therapeutic guide Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, 3(2), 252-269. doi:10.1080/15289160309348464 

  13. Collins, W. A., Madsen, S. D., & Susman-Stillman, A. (2002). Parenting during middle childhood. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of Parenting: Vol. 1: Children and parenting (pp. 73-101). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 

  14. Cowan, P. A., & McHale, J. P. (1996). Coparenting in a family context: Emerging achievements, current dilemmas, and future directions. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 74, 93-106. doi: 10.1002/cd.23219967408 

  15. Creswell, J. W., & Miller, D. L. (2000). Determining validity in qualitative inquiry. Theory into Practice, 39(3), 124-130. 

  16. Crnic, K. A., & Low, C. (2002). Everyday stresses and parenting. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of Parenting: Vol. 5. Practical issues in parenting (pp. 243-267). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 

  17. Crosnoe, R., & Cavanagh, S. E. (2010). Families with children and adolescents: A review, critique, and future agenda. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(3), 594-611. 

  18. Crouter, A. C., Helms-Erikson, H., Updegraff, K., & McHale, S. M. (1999). Conditions underlying parents' knowledge about children's daily lives in middle childhood: Between- and within- family comparisons. Child Development, 70(1), 246-259. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00018 

  19. Delmore-Ko, P., Pancer, S. M., Hunsberger, B., & Pratt, M. (2000). Becoming a parent: The relation between prenatal expectations and postnatal experience. Journal of Family Psychology, 14(4), 625-640. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.14.4.625 

  20. Demick, J. (2002). Stages of parental development. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of Parenting: Vol.3. Being and becoming a parent (pp. 389-413). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 

  21. Dix, T. (1991). The affective organization of parenting: Adaptive and maladaptive processes. Psychological Bulletin, 110(1), 3-25. 

  22. Dolan, R. J. (2002). Emotion, cognition, and behavior, Science, 298(5596), 1191-1194. doi:10.1126/science.1076358 

  23. Erikson, H. E. (1963). Childhood and society. New York: Norton. 

  24. Galinsky, E. (1981). Between generations: The six stages of parenthood. New York: Times Books. 

  25. Ganeson, K. (2006). Students' lived experience of transition into high school: A phenomenological study (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia. 

  26. Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Aldine. 

  27. Goldsteen, K., & Ross, C. E. (1989). The perceived burden of children. Journal of Family Issues, 10(4), 504-526. doi:10.1177/019251389010004005 

  28. Goodnow, J. J. (2002). Parents' knowledge and expectations: Using what we know. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.) Handbook of Parenting: Vol. 3. Being and becoming a parent (pp. 439-460). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. 

  29. Haight, W. L., Parke, R. D., & Black, J. E. (1997). Mothers' and fathers' belief about their toddlers' pretend play. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 43(2), 271-290. 

  30. Harkness, S., & Super, C. M. (Eds.). (1996). Parents' cultural belief systems: Their origins, expressions, and consequences. New York: Guilford Press. 

  31. Hoffenar, P. J., Balen, F., & Hermanns, J. (2010). The impact of having a baby on the level and content of women's well-being. Social Indicators Reearch, 97(2), 279-295. 

  32. Hudson, D. B., Elek, S. M., & Fleck, M. O. (2001). First-time mothers' and fathers' transition to parenthood: Infant care self-efficacy, parenting satisfaction, and infant sex. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 24(1), 31-43. doi:10.1080/014608601300035580 

  33. Jackson, A. P., Brooks-Gunn, J., Huang, C., & Glassman, M. (2000). Single mothers in low-wage jobs: Financial strain, parenting, and preschoolers' outcomes. Child Development, 71(5), 1409-1423. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00236 

  34. Kochanska, G., Kuczynski, L., & Radke-Yarrow, M. (1989). Correspondence between mothers' self-reported and observed child-rearing practices. Child Development, 60(1), 56-63. doi:10.2307/1131070 

  35. Laursen, B., & Collins, W. A. (2009). Parent-child relationships during adolescence. In R. M Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of Adolescent Psychology: Vol. 2. Contextual influences on adolescent development (3rd ed., pp. 3-42). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 

  36. Lench, H. C., Flores, S. A., & Bench, S. W. (2011). Discrete emotions predict changes in cognition, judgment, experience, behavior, and physiology: A meta-analysis of experimental emotion elicitations. Psychological Bulletin, 137(5), 834-855. doi:10.1037/a0024244 

  37. Maccoby, E. (1980). Social development: Psychological growth and the parent-child relationship. San Diago, CA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. 

  38. Montemayor, R. (1983). Parents and adolescents in conflict: All families some of the time and some families most of the time. Journal of Early Adolescence, 3(1-2), 83-103. 

  39. Myrskyla, M., & Margolis, R. (2014). Happiness: Before and after the kids. Demography, 51(5), 1843-1866. doi:10.1007/s13524-014-0321-x 

  40. Nelson, S. K., Kushlev, K., & English, T., Dunn, E. W., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2013). In defense of parenthood: Children are associated with more joy than misery. Psychological Science, 24(1), 3-10. doi:10.1177/0956797612447798 

  41. Nelson, S. K., Kushlev, K., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014). The pains and pleasures of parenting: When, why, and how is parenthood associated with more or less well-being? Psychological Bulletin, 140(3), 846. doi:10.1037/a0035444 

  42. Newberger, C. M. (1980). The cognitive structure of parenthood:Designing a descriptive measure. New Directions for Child Development, 7, 45-67. doi:10.1002/cd.23219800705 

  43. Nomaguchi, K. M. (2012). Parenthood and psychological wellbeing: Clarifying the role of child age and parent-child relationship quality. Social Science Research, 41, 489-498. doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.08.001 

  44. Nomaguchi, K. M., & Brown, S. L. (2011). Parental strains and rewards among mothers: The role of education. Journal of Marriage and Family, 73(3), 621-636. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2011.00835.x 

  45. Pancer, S. M., Pratt, M., Hunsberger, B., & Gallant, M. (2000). Thinking ahead: Complexity of expectations and the transition to parenthood. Journal of Personality, 68(2), 253-280. doi:10.1111/1467-6494.00097 

  46. Patterson, G. R., & MacCoby, E. E. (1980). Mothers: The unacknowledged victims. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 45(5), 1-64. doi:10.2307/1165841 

  47. Prior, M., Sanson, A., Carroll, R., & Oberklaid, F. (1989). Social class differences in temperament ratings of preschool children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 35(2), 239-248. 

  48. Repokari, L., Punamaki, R. L., Poikkeus, P., Tiitinen, A., Vilska, S., Unkila-Kallio, L., ... Tulppala, M. (2006). Anteand perinatal factors and child characteristics predicting parenting experience among formerly infertile couples during the child's first year: A controlled study. Journal of Family Psychology, 20(4), 670-679. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.20.4.670 

  49. Rholes, W. S., Simpson, J. A., & Friedman, M. (2006). Avoidant attachment and the experience of parenting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(3), 275-285. doi:10.1177/0146167205280910 

  50. Rowe, M. L. (2008). Child-directed speech: Relation to socioeconomic status, knowledge of child development and child vocabulary skill. Journal of Child Language, 35(1), 185-205. doi:10.1017/S0305000907008343 

  51. Sigel, I. E. (1985). Parental belief systems. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. 

  52. Sigel, I. E., & McGillicuddy-De Lisi, A. V. (2002). Parental beliefs and cognitions: The dynamic belief systems model. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of Parenting: Vol 3. Status and social conditions of parenting (pp. 485-508). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum. 

  53. Simons, R. L., Whitbeck, L. B., Conger, R. D., & Chyi-In, W. (1991). Intergenerational transmission of harsh parenting. Developmental Psychology, 27(1), 159-171. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.27.1.159 

  54. Umberson, D., Pudrovska, T., & Reczek, C. (2010). Parenthood, childlessness, and well-being: A life course perspective. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(3), 612-629. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00721.x 

  55. Wolcott, H. (2001). Writing up qualitative research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication. 

  56. Wood, E., Desmarais, S., & Gugula, S. (2002). The impact of parenting experience on gender stereotyped toy play of children. Sex Roles, 47(1-2), 39-49. doi:10.1023/A:1020679619728 

  57. Zimmerman, A., & Easterlin, R. A. (2006). Happily ever after? Cohabitation, marriage, divorce and happiness in Germany. Population and Development Review, 32(3), 511-528. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2006.00135.x 

  58. Chi, S.-A. (2010). A study on kindergarten parents' recognition and current states of kindergarten-elementary school linkage education. Early Childhood Education Research & Review, 14(2), 217-248. 

  59. Choi, S. (2015). A study of the intergenerational transmission of positive parenting behavior and authoritative parenting belief: Focused on mothers of preschool children (Unpublished master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. 

  60. Choi, S.-E. (2009). Parent's perception and performance of father's role for young children (Unpublished master's thesis). Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea. 

  61. Chung, O.-B., Chung, S.-H., Kim, K.-E., & Park, Y.-J. (2007). A study on the differences of family values and parental role responsibility among three generations. Journal of Family Relations, 12(2), 215-249. 

  62. Doh, H.-S. (2012). The first parenting book. Seoul: Jisikchannel. 

  63. Doh, H.-S., Lee, H.-S., Kim, S.-H., Choi, M.-K., & Lee, S. (2011). Human development and the famly. Seoul: Gyomoon Publisher. 

  64. Ha, M. J., & Jang, Y. A. (2010). The effect of parenting efficacy, parenting stress on self-efficacy and daily stress among elementary school children. Korean Journal of Community Living Science, 21(1), 33-51. 

  65. Han, E.-G., & Kim, S.-A. (2007). A study on fair parental role model of dual earner couples, their expectation for parental nursing capability and real nursing practices. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 25(2), 37-46. 

  66. Huh, H. G. (2014). Research on parents' concerns and involvement during transition from preschool to elementary school. Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education, 34(2), 435-453. 

  67. Jun, C. A., & Park, S. Y. (1996). The effect of parenting stress and social support on marital satisfaction. Family and Environment Research, 34(5), 115-129. 

  68. Jung, D.-H., & Ji, S.-A. (2006). A study of the relationships among children's peer interactions, child-teacher relationships, multiple intelligences, and elementary school adjustment. Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education, 26(3), 201-221. 

  69. Kee, C. Y., Shin, H. S., & Hong, K. J. (2009). The relationships among children's stress, self-encouragement and psychological maladjustment. Korean Journal of Play Therapy, 12(4), 117-133. 

  70. Keum, J., & Kim, D. (2014). The casual relationship among the father's participation in childcare, job satisfaction, parenting stress, and marital satisfaction of working mother. Family and Environment Research, 52(2), 141-150. 

  71. Kim, B. (2009). The influence from extracurricular study of academic stress and academic achievement (Unpublished master's thesis). Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. 

  72. Kim, H.-J., & Jung, H. S. (2014). A qualitative study on the acceptance of disabilities of mothers of with autistic spectrum disorder. Ewha Journal of Social Sciences, 30(1), 279-316. 

  73. Kim, I. J., & Lee, S. H. (2005). Motherhood ideology and parental satisfaction among mothers with pre-school children. Journal of Family Relations, 10(3), 1-25. 

  74. Kim, J.-H. (2005). Role performance and self-confidence in the fathers with elementary school children. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 23(1), 113-123. 

  75. Kim, J.-H., Doh, H.-S., Shin, N., & Kim, M.-J. (2011). The mediating roles of mothers' psychological well-being and support/control in the relationship between maternal childrelated stress and adolescents' school adjustment. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 29(4), 217-232. 

  76. Kim, K. H., & Cho, B. H. (2000). An ecological approach to analysis of variables in the parenting stress of the dual-earner mothers and fathers. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 21(4), 35-50. 

  77. Kim, S. J., Song, S.-M., Doh, H.-S., Shin, N., Kim, M.-J., & Kim, E. H. (2015). A qualitative study to the mother's role experiences during their child's transition from early childhood to middle childhood. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 36(2), 111-130. 

  78. Kim, S. M. (2004). A qualitative study on the full-time housewife's everyday child caring and education experience. Korean Journal of Human Ecology, 13(4), 537-553. 

  79. Kim, S. Y., & Noh, J. W. (2016, May 2). "I am sorry I couldn't meet your expectations." Children discouraged by the mothers' scolding. Donga.com News. Retrieved from http://news.donga.com. 

  80. Ko, Y. H. (2001). Demographic variables and the relations between maternal beliefs and child-rearing behaviors: A focus on mothers of 2- to 3-year-old (Unpublished master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. 

  81. Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. (2012). The Survey on the national fertility, family health and welfare in Korea. Sejong: Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. 

  82. Korea Institute of Childhood and Education. (2008). Korean parents' perspectives on childrearing. Seoul: Korea Institute of Childhood and Education. 

  83. Lee, J.-A., & Chung, H.-H. (2012). A short-term longitudinal study on the structural relations among children's daily hassles, cognitive vulnerability and depression. Korean Journal of Counseling, 13(2), 935-952. 

  84. Lee, J. H. (2004). A study on the effects of private tutoring and parent's child-rearing attitudes on children's learning stress/attitudes/performances (Unpublished master's thesis). Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea. 

  85. Lee, J. S. (2003). Fathers of preschool: Childrearing involvement, husband-wife relationship and growth as a parent. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 24(3), 99-108. 

  86. Lee, S.-E., & Park, S.-Y. (2012). Parenting knowledge, attributions and the perceptions of parenting roles as they related to the parenting behaviors of mothers' towards their infants. The Korean Journal of the Human Development, 19(2), 131-149. 

  87. Lee, S.-H., Doh, H.-S., Choi, M.-K., & Ku, S.-K. (2010). Exploring pathways from mother's beliefs to children's subjective well-being: The mediating effects of children's private after school education and stress levels. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 31(3), 255-272. 

  88. Lee, Y.-O., & Lee, J.-S. (2011). A study of the difference by development stages on daily stress, perceived environment, psychological problem of child.adolescents. Korean Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 6(1), 53-79. 

  89. Lee. W., & Hyun, O. K. (1999). A comparative study of mothers' and grandmothers' infant/toddler rearing beliefs. Journal of Korean Home Economics Association, 37(4), 97-110. 

  90. Ok, K. H., & Kim, M. H. (2015). The effects of parenting beliefs and supportive interaction on mothers' parenting stress of young children: Variations by income level and employment status. Korean Journal of Childcare and Education, 11(1), 461-480. doi:10.14698/jkcce.2015.11.461 

  91. Park, J. (2014). A study of the socio-cultural environment of childbirth and childrearing. Sejong: Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs. 

  92. Park, J. (2015). A study of the relationship between father's and mother's coparenting and ego-resilience of their child (Unpublished master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. 

  93. Park, S. Y. (2005). A study on maternal attributions, perceptions of parental role, and parenting knowledge of infants' mothers (Unpublished master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. 

  94. Park, S.-Y., Doh, H.-S., Kim, M.-J., & Song, S.-M. (2014). The effects of maternal grandmothers' positive parenting behavior, mothers' emotion regulation and positive parenting behavior on children's emotion regulation. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 35(2), 117-136. 

  95. Park, Y., Choi, M., Yang, M., Na, J., & Kim, M. (2005). Child rearing in contemporary society. Seoul: Hakjisa. 

  96. Seo, K. N., & Moon, H. J. (2008). Mothers' beliefs in developmentally appropriate practice: Relationships with mother's childhood experience, parenting efficacy and parenting behavior. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 29(3), 23-40. 

  97. Sohn, S. M. (2012). Parenting stress and related factors of employed and non-employed mothers with infants. Journal of Future Early Childhood Education, 19(1), 331-357. 

  98. Song, S.-M., Doh, H.-S., Kim, M.-J., Kim, S., Yun, K. B., & Kim, J. E. (2014). A phenomenological approach to experiences of young children's mothers on respected parents & respected children parent education program. Journal of Korean Child Care and Education, 10(4), 133-158. 

  99. Statistics Korea. (2016) 2015 statistics of marriage and divorce. Retrieved from http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/3/index.board?bmoderead&aSeq352515 

  100. Um, K.-A., & Yang, S.-E. (2011). A qualitative study on the career interrupted and the child care of married women. Journal of Korean Home Management Association, 29(1), 21-40. 

  101. Won, J.-S. (1989). A study on the parenthood transition (Unpublished master's thesis). Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea. 

  102. Woo, N. (2013). Living as a parent in the contemporary society. The Society for Open Parent Education Conference, 10, 11-19. 

  103. Yee, Y.-H. (2008). Multiple determinants of father involvement: Measuring mother and father shared caregiving. Journal of Korea Council for Children & Rights, 12(2), 189-210. 

저자의 다른 논문 :

LOADING...

관련 콘텐츠

오픈액세스(OA) 유형

GOLD

오픈액세스 학술지에 출판된 논문

유발과제정보 저작권 관리 안내
섹션별 컨텐츠 바로가기

AI-Helper ※ AI-Helper는 오픈소스 모델을 사용합니다.

AI-Helper 아이콘
AI-Helper
안녕하세요, AI-Helper입니다. 좌측 "선택된 텍스트"에서 텍스트를 선택하여 요약, 번역, 용어설명을 실행하세요.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.

선택된 텍스트

맨위로