(Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
,
(Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
,
김이형
(Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
,
추연욱
(Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kongju National University)
필리핀은 친환경자원을 유지하고 시민들에게 서비스 및 필수품을 제공할 수 있는 수자원이 풍부한 열도이다. 지역 사회가 필요로 하는 물과 식량을 제공하는 일부 수역은 자국 내 자연습지로 선정된다. 본 연구에서는 '국제적으로 중요한 습지'로 선정된 Naujan Lake National Park, Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Las $Pi{\tilde{n}}as-Para{\tilde{n}}aque$ Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area and Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park의 6개 지역을 포함한 총 65개의 습지를 조사하였다. 이들 습지는 22개의 유형으로 분류되었다. 필리핀 습지는 현재 습지의 전용, 자원의 남용, 생활 및 산업과 농업활동에 따른 오염, 그리고 기후변화와 같은 수많은 위협에 직면해있다. 본 논문은 습지의 특성 및 구성요소, 생태계에 미치는 영향, 습지가 직면한 위기에 대한 개관을 제공한다. 또한 정부와 민간기관에서 시행하고 있는 습지 보존 대책이 토의되고 평가되었다. 습지에 대한 지자체 및 국가차원의 법령이 부족한 것으로 판단되었으며, 이는 습지의 질적 하락으로 이어진다. 이러한 습지의 보존 및 활용은 필리핀 전체 지역사회의 자발적인 참여로부터 극대화될 수 있다.
필리핀은 친환경자원을 유지하고 시민들에게 서비스 및 필수품을 제공할 수 있는 수자원이 풍부한 열도이다. 지역 사회가 필요로 하는 물과 식량을 제공하는 일부 수역은 자국 내 자연습지로 선정된다. 본 연구에서는 '국제적으로 중요한 습지'로 선정된 Naujan Lake National Park, Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Las $Pi{\tilde{n}}as-Para{\tilde{n}}aque$ Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area and Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park의 6개 지역을 포함한 총 65개의 습지를 조사하였다. 이들 습지는 22개의 유형으로 분류되었다. 필리핀 습지는 현재 습지의 전용, 자원의 남용, 생활 및 산업과 농업활동에 따른 오염, 그리고 기후변화와 같은 수많은 위협에 직면해있다. 본 논문은 습지의 특성 및 구성요소, 생태계에 미치는 영향, 습지가 직면한 위기에 대한 개관을 제공한다. 또한 정부와 민간기관에서 시행하고 있는 습지 보존 대책이 토의되고 평가되었다. 습지에 대한 지자체 및 국가차원의 법령이 부족한 것으로 판단되었으며, 이는 습지의 질적 하락으로 이어진다. 이러한 습지의 보존 및 활용은 필리핀 전체 지역사회의 자발적인 참여로부터 극대화될 수 있다.
The Philippines is a naturally water-rich archipelago capable of sustaining its ecological goods and providing services and needs of its people. Several waterbodies have been declared as natural wetlands in the country supporting the needs of community like water and food. In this study, 65 natural ...
The Philippines is a naturally water-rich archipelago capable of sustaining its ecological goods and providing services and needs of its people. Several waterbodies have been declared as natural wetlands in the country supporting the needs of community like water and food. In this study, 65 natural wetlands were considered including six sites that were identified as 'Wetlands of International Importance' such as Naujan Lake National Park, Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Las $Pi{\tilde{n}}as-Para{\tilde{n}}aque$ Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area and Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park. There are 22 wetland types presented in this research categorizing the Philippine wetlands. Philippine wetlands are now facing tremendous challenges such as land use conversion, abuse of resources, pollution coming from domestic, industrial and agricultural activities, and climate change. This paper provides an overview of Philippine wetlands in terms of their characteristics and components, impacts in the ecosystem, and the challenges they are dealing with. Moreover, the preservation measures that the government and private agencies implements to these wetlands were discussed and assessed. The enforcement of local and national laws concerning wetlands is found to be inadequate resulting in poor quality wetlands. The preservation and utilization of these wetlands can be maximized with a voluntary participation of whole Philippine community.
The Philippines is a naturally water-rich archipelago capable of sustaining its ecological goods and providing services and needs of its people. Several waterbodies have been declared as natural wetlands in the country supporting the needs of community like water and food. In this study, 65 natural wetlands were considered including six sites that were identified as 'Wetlands of International Importance' such as Naujan Lake National Park, Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, Olango Island Wildlife Sanctuary, Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Las $Pi{\tilde{n}}as-Para{\tilde{n}}aque$ Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area and Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park. There are 22 wetland types presented in this research categorizing the Philippine wetlands. Philippine wetlands are now facing tremendous challenges such as land use conversion, abuse of resources, pollution coming from domestic, industrial and agricultural activities, and climate change. This paper provides an overview of Philippine wetlands in terms of their characteristics and components, impacts in the ecosystem, and the challenges they are dealing with. Moreover, the preservation measures that the government and private agencies implements to these wetlands were discussed and assessed. The enforcement of local and national laws concerning wetlands is found to be inadequate resulting in poor quality wetlands. The preservation and utilization of these wetlands can be maximized with a voluntary participation of whole Philippine community.
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문제 정의
The objective of this paper was to assess the status of wetlands of international importance and other wetlands present in the Philippines, in terms of its characteristics and components, the ecosystem services it provides, challenges that they’re dealing with, and the laws, policies, programs, and the community response to its way of conserving and managing wetlands.
대상 데이터
The Philippines is consists of 216 lakes, 421 principal rivers, and 22 marshes, swamps and reservoirs according to the Philippine Biodiversity Conservation Priorities (Scott, 1989). Among these waterbodies, 65 Philippine wetlands were considered in this study.
Since the Philippines are surrounded with a large extent of water bodies, it is evident that the wetlands are mostly found around the perimeter of the country. Out of the 65 wetlands considered in this study, 18 wetlands are located in Luzon, 33 wetlands in Visayas and 14 wetlands in Mindanao. The total area of wetlands that are considered in this study is 442,864 ha in Luzon, 453,171 ha in Visayas and 575,082 ha in Mindanao.
Out of the 65 wetlands considered in this study, 18 wetlands are located in Luzon, 33 wetlands in Visayas and 14 wetlands in Mindanao. The total area of wetlands that are considered in this study is 442,864 ha in Luzon, 453,171 ha in Visayas and 575,082 ha in Mindanao. Visayas has the most number of wetlands that were used in this study but its wetland total area was the smallest among the three islands.
성능/효과
The average area of wetland types in the Philippines is shown in Fig 1(b). Flooded arable land, irrigated land type of wetland, type 20, is the largest among the wetlands considered in this study having a 126,000 ha average area and a 94,000 ha standard deviation. This is followed by peat bogs having 90,000 ha, and oxbow lakes and riverine marshes having approximately 82,000 ha.
The five major wetland types that exist in the country are intertidal mudflats and sand flats (type 6), mangrove swamps and forest (type 7), shallow sea bays and straits (type 1), estuaries and deltas (type 2) and lastly, freshwater lakes and associated marshes (type 14). The two most common types of wetlands in the country, intertidal mudflats, sand flats (type 6) and mangrove swamps and forests (type 7), comprise 30% of the entire wetlands considered in this study. Only few salt lakes and saline marshes (type 16), water storage reservoirs and dams (type 17), grassland and savanna (type 18), swamp forest (type 21) and peat bogs (type 22) are in the Philippines.
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