선박엔진은 잔사유를 에너지원으로 활용하여 운항할 수 있으며, 이를 활용한 선박에서 환경 규제와 경제성을 모두 만족시키는 다양한 방안들이 모색되고 있다. 그 중에 한 방안으로 연료 첨가제를 활용하는 기술이 있을 수 있다. 분산제와 연소촉진제는 잔사유 활용 시 엔진의 연소특성 촉진에 기여할 것이라는 기대를 받고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 연소성 분석 장비(FIA/FCA)와 열 중량 분석 장비(TGA)를 활용하여 잔사유 연료첨가제가 혼합된 잔사유의 연소성을 분석하였다. 연소성 분석 장비(FIA/FCA)의 결과로는 연소에 의한 일의 총량을 분석하도록 분석법이 개발되었으며, 이 때문에 본 연구를 통하여 동일 장비를 활용하면서도 연소 효율을 간단하게 평가할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 연소성 분석 결과인 ROHR 곡선으로부터, 단순한 삼각함수를 활용하여 연소특성을 예측할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였으며, 이 기법을 활용하여 기존의 압력 곡선과 유사한 결론을 도출할 수 있었다. 열 중량 분석(TGA)의 경우 연료유의 증발 특성에 민감하게 반응함을 확인하였고, 첨가제가 연료유 증발에 효과적으로 작용함을 확인하였다.
선박엔진은 잔사유를 에너지원으로 활용하여 운항할 수 있으며, 이를 활용한 선박에서 환경 규제와 경제성을 모두 만족시키는 다양한 방안들이 모색되고 있다. 그 중에 한 방안으로 연료 첨가제를 활용하는 기술이 있을 수 있다. 분산제와 연소촉진제는 잔사유 활용 시 엔진의 연소특성 촉진에 기여할 것이라는 기대를 받고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 연소성 분석 장비(FIA/FCA)와 열 중량 분석 장비(TGA)를 활용하여 잔사유 연료첨가제가 혼합된 잔사유의 연소성을 분석하였다. 연소성 분석 장비(FIA/FCA)의 결과로는 연소에 의한 일의 총량을 분석하도록 분석법이 개발되었으며, 이 때문에 본 연구를 통하여 동일 장비를 활용하면서도 연소 효율을 간단하게 평가할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다. 연소성 분석 결과인 ROHR 곡선으로부터, 단순한 삼각함수를 활용하여 연소특성을 예측할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였으며, 이 기법을 활용하여 기존의 압력 곡선과 유사한 결론을 도출할 수 있었다. 열 중량 분석(TGA)의 경우 연료유의 증발 특성에 민감하게 반응함을 확인하였고, 첨가제가 연료유 증발에 효과적으로 작용함을 확인하였다.
Ships are capable of operating on residual fuel oil. Recently, various attempts have been made to meet environmental regulations and with ships operating on residual fuel oil. One way of fulfilling these requirements is by using fuel additives. Dispersants and fuel combustion improvers will have a p...
Ships are capable of operating on residual fuel oil. Recently, various attempts have been made to meet environmental regulations and with ships operating on residual fuel oil. One way of fulfilling these requirements is by using fuel additives. Dispersants and fuel combustion improvers will have a positive effect on improving the combustion characteristics of the residual fuel oil. As such, this study examines fuel oils blended with additives by using fuel combustion analysis (FIA/FCA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of FIA/FCA focuse only on the amount of work done by the fuel oil. Therefore, it is recommended in this study that a new method to evaluate the combustion efficiency via FIA/FCA processes be developed. The analysis with ROHR curve gained by FIA/FCA brought similar results with pressure trace curve therefore it can be said that new analysis method can be reliable. The TGA, analysis process is very sensitive to the evaporation of fuel, for example, which could be addressed. In the performance-related findings of this study, blended samples with additives containing iron compounds showed a greater improvement in early combustion characteristics than samples without additives.
Ships are capable of operating on residual fuel oil. Recently, various attempts have been made to meet environmental regulations and with ships operating on residual fuel oil. One way of fulfilling these requirements is by using fuel additives. Dispersants and fuel combustion improvers will have a positive effect on improving the combustion characteristics of the residual fuel oil. As such, this study examines fuel oils blended with additives by using fuel combustion analysis (FIA/FCA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results of FIA/FCA focuse only on the amount of work done by the fuel oil. Therefore, it is recommended in this study that a new method to evaluate the combustion efficiency via FIA/FCA processes be developed. The analysis with ROHR curve gained by FIA/FCA brought similar results with pressure trace curve therefore it can be said that new analysis method can be reliable. The TGA, analysis process is very sensitive to the evaporation of fuel, for example, which could be addressed. In the performance-related findings of this study, blended samples with additives containing iron compounds showed a greater improvement in early combustion characteristics than samples without additives.
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문제 정의
For this reason, the study assumes that the ROHR analysis does not consider the combustion efficiency. The analysis is focused solely on time and the amount of energy produced. The IP 541/06 standard and references only focus on the time up to P.
This study aims to investigate the combustion characteristics of marine residual fuel blended with additives. A well-known method was adopted to analyze the combustion of the given sample.
This study investigates a simple method to evaluate combustion characteristics during the entire combustion period center around P.ROHR. Pre-P.
가설 설정
2. Accumulated ROHR which can be obtained via FIA/FCA, does not indicate combustion efficiency. It only shows the amount of work done during combustion.
3. When blank fuel is analyzed via TGA, mass conservation ratio decreases smoothly up to a temperature of 900℃. In case of samples dosed with additives, mass conservation ratio sharply decreases after 500℃ and mostly maintains the mass up tp 900℃.
For this reason, the study assumes that the ROHR analysis does not consider the combustion efficiency. The analysis is focused solely on time and the amount of energy produced.
제안 방법
It can be calculated using the viscosity and density of fuel. Although it is widely used, the deviated order cannot be easily compared with each sample, and the FIA/FCA analysis gives more coherent information to evaluate fuel ignition quality for the purpose of this study.
, 2005). Fuel additive effects on a heavy fuel consuming boiler operating in real-time was investigated by Z. Prelec et al., and the study made the conclusion that fuel additives can have a positive effect on boiler combustion (Prelec et al., 2013). Effects of cetane improver on fuel properties and engine characteristics on blended fuel oil mixed with biofuel were studied by A.
However, it should be noted that the study involved two kind of analyses to evaluate combustion characteristics of fuel additive, and the results were not similar from both processes. In case of FIA/FCA analysis, the pressure trace and ROHR tendency were not very clear except in Sample C.
, 2013). The effects of emulsions were investigated by using a 12% emulsion on a heavy duty (HD) engine and 6% emulsion on a light duty (LD) engine. Emission of particulate matter (PM) was reduced in both cases, by –32% on LD and –59% on HD.
TGA measures the change in sample weight with a variation in time and temperature. The principle of the analysis is based on fuel oil weight loss under heating, with the ratio of weight loss acting as one of the characteristics of fuel combustion. This study utilized the Q500 system manufactured by TA Instruments, with its detailed specifications given in Table 5.
Other parameters also do not consider the efficiency of combustion. Therefore, the study suggests simplified efficiency related parameters using ROHR, P.ROHR and trigonometric function.
This study has compared three different kinds of fuel additives which are representative of marine fuel additives in the Korean market. This study also prepared samples via direct sampling on board the vessel, and Fuel combustion analysis (FIA/FCA) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to study about the fuel additive effects.
대상 데이터
Therefore, this study could be a stepping stone to understanding the effects of fuel additives on the combustion characteristics and any additive-bound effects for marine heavy fuel oil. This study has compared three different kinds of fuel additives which are representative of marine fuel additives in the Korean market. This study also prepared samples via direct sampling on board the vessel, and Fuel combustion analysis (FIA/FCA) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed to study about the fuel additive effects.
이론/모형
Marine residual fuel and a fuel additive were blended together and combustion characteristics of the samples were analyzed using FIA/FCA and TGA processes. The results can be summarized as follows:
The change in pressure during ignition and combustion is recorded within a differentiated time frame, and the data is transferred to a data acquisition system for additional calculation and reporting. The data in the present study is the average value calculated after 25 iterations of this process, and the FIA-100/FCA apparatus in this study was taken from FUELTECH.
The principle of the analysis is based on fuel oil weight loss under heating, with the ratio of weight loss acting as one of the characteristics of fuel combustion. This study utilized the Q500 system manufactured by TA Instruments, with its detailed specifications given in Table 5.
성능/효과
The result of calculation, performed by utilizing the method described above, is that Sample C is the closest to 180 ° with only 5.06 ° remaining, blank and Sample A record a value of 6.35 ° and Sample B has recorded the lowest level at 6.94 °.
후속연구
Therefore, this study could be a stepping stone to understanding the effects of fuel additives on the combustion characteristics and any additive-bound effects for marine heavy fuel oil. This study has compared three different kinds of fuel additives which are representative of marine fuel additives in the Korean market.
참고문헌 (17)
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