[논문]원전 해체 방사성 콘크리트 폐기물 최소화를 위한 생물학적 차폐체 제거 및 처분 전략

전철승; 김창락

doi:10.7733/jnfcwt.2017.15.4.355

원전 해체 방사성 콘크리트 폐기물 최소화를 위한 생물학적 차폐체 제거 및 처분 전략
The Dismantling and Disposal Strategy of a Biological Shield for Minimization of Radioactive Concrete Waste During Decommissioning of a Nuclear Power Plant 원문보기

Journal of nuclear fuel cycle and waste technology = 방사성폐기물학회지, v.15 no.4, 2017년, pp.355 - 367

전철승 (한국전력국제원자력대학원대학교) , 김창락 (한국전력국제원자력대학원대학교)

초록
AI-Helper

2017년 6월에 영구정지 된 고리 1호기의 해체는 한국의 상업 원전에 대한 첫 해체 사례가 될 것이다. 해체 과정 중에 발생하는 폐기물에 대한 처분은 전체 해체 비용의 많은 부분을 차지한다. 따라서 방사화 및 오염된 콘크리트 구조물은 적절한 해체전략을 수립하여 경제적이고 안전하게 해체되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 생물학적 차폐체에 대한 최적화된 해체 및 처분 시나리오를 연구하였다. 해체사례, 폐기물 처분 규정 및 처리 기술을 분석하였다. 그리고 생물학적 차폐체 제거 과정의 폐기물 발생량을 최소화하기 위해서, 최적 해체 시나리오를 제시하였고 폐기물 처분 방안을 도출하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The decommissioning of Kori unit 1, which was permanently shut down in June of 2017, will be the first instance of the dismantling of a commercial nuclear power plant in Korea. The disposal of waste during the dismantling process accounts for a large part of the total decommissioning cost. Therefore, structures consisting of activated and contaminated concrete must be economically and safely dismantled by establishing a proper dismantling strategy. This study focuses on optimized dismantling and disposal scenarios pertaining to a biological shield. Several dismantling cases, regulations and technologies related to waste treatment as these practices pertain to nuclear power plants are analyzed. To minimize the amount of waste from the biological shield dismantling process, an optimized dismantling scenario is presented and disposal alternatives for dismantled concrete waste are proposed.

주제어

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문제 정의

Establishment of proper dismantling and disposal strategies of the biological shield enables significant radioactive waste minimization and disposal cost savings. In this study, an optimized dismantling scenario of biological shield concrete is suggested through the analysis of international cases, applicable regulations and technologies.

제안 방법

After identifying the geometrical features, the characteristics of the radioactive distribution of the concrete structure should be analyzed through accurate sample analysis for an optimal design of cutting lines. Extensive characterization efforts contribute substantially to the overall cost of a decommissioning project [11].
From the result of the radioactivity sampling, the cutting line between the activated and non-activated area was designed. For the dismantling, the technologies of a core boring, diamond wire sawing and hydraulic crushing were applied. Total 1,913 tons of concrete was dismantled.
By applying a blending technique through accurate radioactivity analysis and maximizing VLLW, the disposal cost can be further reduced. The disposal strategy for VLLW can be selected from the two methods mentioned above after the economical evaluation is carried out in consideration of the processing cost of aggregate separation technology and disposal cost of VLLW after WAC for VLLW is established.
The first method is to cut VLLW concrete to fit the size and weight limit of the WAC and soft-sided package without further treatment. This strategy will be possible if the WAC for VLLW is more flexible in packaging and less expensive in disposal cost, as in the cases of the UK or the US.

성능/효과

The filling ratio per drum was assumed to be 85% to meet the Waste Acceptance Criteria (WAC). From the calculation results, it can be predicted that up to 407 drums will be generated depending on the activation depth, which corresponds to 2.81% of the target of 14,500 drums. It is a large amount of waste as waste generated from a single structure, thus efforts for the minimization of waste generation will be needed to reach the target.
Table 2 shows the result of the activation evaluation of a light water reactor biological shield in the case of including no impurity and in the case of using impurity information applied from 5 reference data including NUREG/CR-3474 [12]. The evaluation results show that the most activated part of the biological shield is Very Low Level Waste (VLLW) when impurity is not contained and Low Level Waste (LLW) when impurity is contained. Based on this study, it can be predicted that VLLW or both LLW and VLLW will be generated from the biological shield.

후속연구

If a separate WAC for VLLW is established, soft-sided packaging without further treatment can be considered as an alternative. It is expected that this study can contribute to the establishment of practical procedures for dismantling and waste disposal of the biological shield in an NPP.

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상세보기
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상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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