최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기생명과학회지 = Journal of life science, v.27 no.12 = no.212, 2017년, pp.1515 - 1522
Most people have a desire to live longer. According to ancient Chinese and Korean mythology, Dongfang Shuo (Dongbang Sahk) lived for 18,000 years. According to a WHO report, the average longevity of humans has extended from 50-odd years in the 1960s to 75-85 years in 2016. Parabiosis, the joining to...
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
동방삭은 누구인가? | 인류 역사상 가장 오래 산 사람은 진시황이 아니라 삼천갑자 동방삭이다. 동방삭은 기원전 중국 역사 속 인물로서 삼천갑자를 살았다는 설화가 유래되고 있다[27]. 그의 수명을 갑자 와 햇수의 연관 단위로 계산하면, 1 갑자 = 60년, 3,000 갑자 × 60년/갑자 = 18,000년, 즉 그는 18,000년을 살았던 인물이다. | |
WHO의 보고에 따르면 2016년 사람의 평균수명은 얼마인가? | 고대 중국과 한국의 신화에 동방삭이라는 인물이 일만 팔천 년을 살았다고 전해진다. 현실 세계에서는 WHO의 보고에 따르면 사람의 평균수명이 1960년대에 50세에서 2016년에는 75-85세로 25~35세가 늘었다. 두 마리의 실험 동물을 외과적 수술을 통해 병렬로 결합하여 두 동물의 순환계(혈액)이 서로 연결되게 하는 개체병렬결합(parabiosis) 실험모델이 1860년도에 개발된 이래 이 방법은 in vivo에서 한 개체가 다른 개체에게 어떤 영향을 미칠 수 있는가에 대한 연구를 위한 강력한 실험 모델이 되어 왔다. | |
백신기술 발달에 관한 사례는 어떤 것이 있는가? | 인간 평균 수명의 연장에 가장 기여한 것은 감염성 질환에 대한 방어를 제공한 백신기술의 탄생이다. 제너(Edward Jenner)의 우두 접종법의 개발로 천연두로부터 생명을 보호하였으며[36], 파스퇴르와 소아마비 백신을 개발한 솔크(Jonas E. Salk)를 거치면서 백신 기술의 발달로 이어졌다. |
Andre, F. E., Booy, R., Bock, J., Clemens, H. L., Datta, S. K., John, T. J., Lee, B. W., Lolekha, S., Peltola, H., Ruff, T. A., Santosham, M. and Schmitt, H. J. 2008. Vaccination greatly reduces disease, disability, death and inequity worldwide. Bull. World Health Org. 86, 81-160.
Bahary, N., Leibel, R. L., Joseph, L. and Friedman, J. M. 1990. Molecular mapping of the mouse db mutation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8642-8646.
Bodnar, A. G., Ouellette, M., Frolkis, M., Holt, S. E., Chiu, C. P., Morin, G. B., Harley, C. B., Shay, J. W., Lichtsteiner, S. and Wright, W. E. 1998. Extension of life-span by introduction of telomerase into normal human cells. Science 279, 349-352.
Bucher, N. L., Scott, J. F. and Aub, J. C. 1951. Regeneration of the liver in parabiotic rats. Cancer Res. 11, 457-465.
Calderwood, S. K., Murshid, A. and Prince, T. 2009. The shock of aging: molecular chaperones and the heat shock response in longevity and aging--a mini-review. Gerontology 55, 550-558.
Coleman, D. L. and Hummel, K. P. 1969. Effects of parabiosis of normal with genetically diabetic mice. Am. J. Physiol. 217, 1298-1304.
Conboy, I. M., Conboy, M. J., Wagers, A. J., Girma, E. R., Weissman, I. L. and Rando, T. A. 2005. Rejuvenation of aged progenitor cells by exposure to a young systemic environment. Nature 433, 760-764.
Conboy, M. J. and Conboy, I. M. 2009. Parabiosis in aging research and regenerative medicine. Methods in Bioengineering: Stem Cell Bioengineering. Artech. House, Norwood, MA, USA 125-142.
Conboy, M. J., Conboy, I. M. and Rando, T. A. 2013. Heterochronic parabiosis: historical perspective and methodological considerations for studies of aging and longevity. Aging Cell 12, 525-530.
Dahl, L. K., Knudsen, K. D. and Iwai, J. 1969. Humoral transmission of hypertension: evidence from parabiosis. Circ. Res. 24, 21-33.
Duyverman, A. M., Kohno, M., Duda, D. G., Jain, R. K. and Fukumura, D. 2012. A transient parabiosis skin transplantation model in mice. Nat. Protoc. 7, 763-770.
Eggel, A. and Wyss-Coray, T. 2014. A revival of parabiosis in biomedical research. Swiss Med. Wkly. 144, w13914.
Egerman, M. A., Cadena, S. M., Gilbert, J. A., Meyer, A., Nelson, H. N., Swalley, S. E., Mallozzi, C., Jacobi, C., Jennings, L. L., Clay, I., Laurent, G., Ma, S., Brachat, S., Lach-Trifilieff, E., Shavlakadze, T., Trendelenburg, A. U., Brack, A. S. and Glass, D. J. 2015. GDF11 increases with age and inhibits skeletal muscle regeneration. Cell Metab. 22, 164-174.
Green, E. D., Watson, J. D. and Collins, F. S. 2015. Human Genome Project: Twenty-five years of big biology. Nature 526, 29-31.
Halaas, J. L., Gajiwala, K. S., Maffei, M., Cohen, S. L., Chait, B. T., Rabinowitz, D., Lallone, R. L., Burley, S. K. and Friedman, J.M. 1995. Weight-reducing effects of the plasma protein encoded by the obese gene. Science 269, 543-546.
Harris, R. B. 2013. Contribution made by parabiosis to the understanding of energy balance regulation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1832, 1449-1455.
Harrison, D. E. and Astle, C. M. 1982. Loss of stem cell repopulating ability upon transplantation. Effects of donor age, cell number, and transplantation procedure. J. Exp. Med. 156, 1767-1779.
Hausberger, F. X. 1958. Parabiosis and transplantation experiments in hereditarily obese mice. Anat. Rec. 130, 313.
Heather, J. M. and Chain, B. 2016. The sequence of sequencers: The history of sequencing DNA. Genomics 107, 1-8.
http://sageke.sciencemag.org/
Iwai, J., Knudsen, K. D., Dahl, L. K., Heine, M. and Leitl, G. 1969. Genetic influence on the development of renal hypertension in parabiotic rats. Evidence for a humoral factor. J. Exp. Med. 129, 507-522.
James, M. 2016. Heather, Benjamin Chain, The sequence of sequencers: The history of sequencing DNA. Genomics 107, 1-8.
Johnson, D. C. 1981. Changes in follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, oestradiol and progesterone concentrations in the sera of anovulatory androgenized female and castrated male parabiotic rats of the Fischer-344 strain. J. Endocrinol. 88, 321-328.
Katsimpardi, L., Litterman, N. K., Schein, P. A., Miller, C. M., Loffredo, F. S., Wojtkiewicz, G. R., Chen, J. W., Lee, R. T., Wagers, A. J. and Rubin, L. L. 2014. Vascular and neurogenic rejuvenation of the aging mouse brain by young systemic factors. Science 344, 630-634.
Koga, H., Kaushik, S. and Cuervo, A. M. 2011. Protein homeostasis and aging: The importance of exquisite quality control. Ageing Res. Rev. 10, 205-215.
Lander, E. S., et al. 2001. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature 409, 860-921.
Lee, Y. S. 2008. Politician Dongbang Sahk with Wit. Mulrae: Paju, Korea.
Lee, Y. W. 2017. Global IT companies looking for Anti-aging medicinal Plants. Chosunilbo. May 09.
Loffredo, F. S., Steinhauser, M. L., Jay, S. M., Gannon, J., Pancoast, J. R., Yalamanchi, P., Sinha, M., Dall'Osso, C., Khong, D., Shadrach, J. L., Miller, C. M., Singer, B. S., Stewart, A., Psychogios, N., Gerszten, R. E., Hartigan ,A. J., Kim, M. J., Serwold, T., Wagers, A. J. and Lee, R. T. 2013. Growth differentiation factor 11 is a circulating factor that reverses age-related cardiac hypertrophy. Cell 153, 828-839.
Lopez-Otin, C., Blasco, M. A., Partridge, L., Serrano, M. and Kroemer, G. 2013. The hallmarks of aging. Cell 153, 1194-1217.
Madigan, M., Martinko, J. and Parker, J. 2000. Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 9th ed. Prentice Hall, USA.
Martin, G. M., LaMarco, K., Strauss, E. and Kelner, K. L. 2003. Research on aging: The end of the beginning. Science 299, 1339-1341.
Morozova, O. and Marra, A., 2008. Applications of next-generation sequencing technologies in functional genomics. Genomics 92, 255-264.
Moskalev, A. A., Shaposhnikov, M. V., Plyusnina, E. N., Zhavoronkov, A., Budovsky, A., Yanai, H. and Fraifeld, V. E. 2013. The role of DNA damage and repair in aging through the prism of Koch-like criteria. Ageing Res. Rev. 12, 661-684.
Neves, J., Demaria, M., Campisi, J. and Jasper, H. 2015. Of flies, mice, and men: evolutionarily conserved tissue damage responses and aging. Dev. Cell. 32, 9-18.
Owen, J., Punt, J. and Stranford, S. 2013. Kuby Immunology, 7th ed. W. H. Freeman, USA.
Park, C. B. and Larsson, N. G. 2011. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in disease and aging. J. Cell Biol. 193, 809-818.
Sahin, E. and Depinho, R. A. 2012. Axis of ageing: telomeres, p53 and mitochondria. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 13, 397-404.
Schumacher, B., van der Pluijm, I., Moorhouse, M. J., Kosteas, T., Robinson, A. R., Suh, Y., Breit, T. M., van Steeg, H., Niedernhofer, L. J. and van Ijcken, W., et al. 2008. Delayed and accelerated aging share common longevity assurance mechanisms. PLoS Genet. 4, e1000161.
Sinha, M., Jang, Y. C., Oh, J., Khong, D., Wu, E. Y., Manohar, R., Miller, C., Regalado, S. G., Loffredo, F. S., Pancoast, J. R., Hirshman, M. F., Lebowitz, J., Shadrach, J. L., Cerletti, M., Kim, M. J., Serwold, T., Goodyear, L. J., Rosner, B., Lee, R. T. and Wagers, A. J. 2014. Restoring systemic GDF11 levels reverses age-related dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle. Science 344, 649-652.
Venter, J. C., et al. 2001. The sequence of the human genome. Science 291, 1304-1351.
Villeda, S. A., Plambeck, K. E., Middeldorp, J., Castellano, J. M., Mosher, K. I., Luo, J., Smith, L. K., Bieri, G., Lin, K., Berdnik, D., Wabl, R., Udeochu, J., Wheatley, E. G., Zou, B., Simmons, D. A., Xie, X. S., Longo, F. M. and Wyss-Coray, T. 2014. Young blood reverses age-related impairments in cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in mice. Nat. Med. 20, 659-663.
Walker, R. G., Poggioli, T., Katsimpardi, L., Buchanan, S. M., Oh, J., Wattrus, S., Heidecker, B., Fong, Y. W., Rubin, L. L., Ganz, P., Thompson, T. B., Wagers, A. J. and Lee, R. T. 2016. Biochemistry and biology of GDF11 and myostatin: similarities, differences, and questions for future investigation. Circ. Res. 118, 1125-1141.
Walker, R. G., Czepnik, M., Goebel, E. J., McCoy, J. C., Vujic, A., Cho, M., Oh, J., Aykul, S., Walton, K. L., Schang, G., Bernard, D. J., Hinck, A. P., Harrison, C. A., Martinez-Hackert, E., Wagers, A. J., Lee, R. T. and Thompson, T. B. 2017. Structural basis for potency differences between GDF8 and GDF11. BMC Biol. 15, 19.
Warren, S., Chute, R. N. and Porter, M. W. 1975. The effect of parabiosis on life-span of rats stressed by radiation. J. Gerontol. 30, 15-21.
Wilmut, I., Schnieke, A. E., McWhir, J., Kind, A. J. and Campbell, K. H. S. 1997. Viable offspring derived from fetal and adult mammalian cells. Nature 385, 810-813.
World Health Statistics 2016: Monitoring health for the SDGs, WHO.
Zhang, Y., Proenca, R., Maffei, M., Barone, M., Leopold, L. and Friedman, J. M. 1994. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue. Nature 372, 425-432.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.