Objectives: Epicardial fat is true visceral fat that is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome, high abdominal fat, insulin resistance, coronary artery diseases, low coronary flow reserve and subclinical atherosclerosis. Dampness-Phlegm pattern is one of the pattern diagnosis of traditional ...
Objectives: Epicardial fat is true visceral fat that is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome, high abdominal fat, insulin resistance, coronary artery diseases, low coronary flow reserve and subclinical atherosclerosis. Dampness-Phlegm pattern is one of the pattern diagnosis of traditional Korean medicine. Previous studies showed that Dampness-Phlegm pattern is associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome. This study is intended to find association between Dampness-Phlegm pattern and epicardial fat thickness. Methods: This study was a community-based single center trial. Ischemic stroke patients within 30 days after their ictus were enrolled. Epicardial fat thickness was measured using transthoracic echocardiography. Other measured and obtained variables are medical history, weight, height, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerol, high density lipoprotein, lipid and low density lipoprotein. Results: Three hundred sixty six were enlisted, and one hundred forty were diagnosed with the Dampness-Phlegm pattern. Dampness-Phlegm pattern group had significantly thicker epicardial fat. Binary logistic regression also showed statistically significant result. Conclusions: This study showed close association between epicardial fat and Dampness-Phlegm pattern. This result suggests a clue to standardization of pattern identification.
Objectives: Epicardial fat is true visceral fat that is known to be associated with metabolic syndrome, high abdominal fat, insulin resistance, coronary artery diseases, low coronary flow reserve and subclinical atherosclerosis. Dampness-Phlegm pattern is one of the pattern diagnosis of traditional Korean medicine. Previous studies showed that Dampness-Phlegm pattern is associated with hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome. This study is intended to find association between Dampness-Phlegm pattern and epicardial fat thickness. Methods: This study was a community-based single center trial. Ischemic stroke patients within 30 days after their ictus were enrolled. Epicardial fat thickness was measured using transthoracic echocardiography. Other measured and obtained variables are medical history, weight, height, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerol, high density lipoprotein, lipid and low density lipoprotein. Results: Three hundred sixty six were enlisted, and one hundred forty were diagnosed with the Dampness-Phlegm pattern. Dampness-Phlegm pattern group had significantly thicker epicardial fat. Binary logistic regression also showed statistically significant result. Conclusions: This study showed close association between epicardial fat and Dampness-Phlegm pattern. This result suggests a clue to standardization of pattern identification.
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문제 정의
This study is the first study to investigate association between the Dampness-Phlegm pattern and epicardial fat thickness. Subjects in the Dampness-Phlegm pattern group had significantly more female participants, higher BMI, weight, higher number of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, higher total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, LDL and fasting blood serum glucose.
This study was a community-based single center trial. Ischemic stroke subjects within 30 days after their ictus were enrolled from Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital (Seoul) from April 2007 to May 2013.
This study was to find association between Dampness-Phlegm pattern and Epicardial fat thickness. The conclusions are as follows:
가설 설정
2. After Binary logistic regression, compared them in the non Damp Phlegm group. Age, BMI, the presence of hypertension and epicardial fat thickness between two groups were higher in the Dampness-Phlegm then in the no Dampness -Phlegm group.
제안 방법
This study was designed to find association between Dampness-Phlegm pattern and epicardial fat thickness, since both were associated with overweight and metabolic syndrome. Through this effort, epicardial fat thickness is expected to help standardizing Dampness-Phlegm pattern identification.
대상 데이터
The M-mode echocardiogram was performed with using 5MHz phased array with GE Vivid9(USA) or with Siemens Acuson SC2000(Germany). Echocardiogram was performed by doctors in cardiovascular center at Kyung Hee University Medical center. Epicardial fat was measured on the free wall of the right ventricle from the parasternal long-axis views.
Echocardiographic epicardial fat data could be obtained from three hundred sixty six patients. One hundred forty patients were diagnosed as the Dampness-Phlegm pattern(DP) and two hundred twenty six patients were as non-Dampness-Phlegm pattern (NDP).
This study was a community-based single center trial. Ischemic stroke subjects within 30 days after their ictus were enrolled from Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital (Seoul) from April 2007 to May 2013. Informed consent of all the study patients was obtained after a thorough explanation of the details.
데이터처리
To estimate the odds ratio of Dampness-Phlegm pattern associated with epicardial fat thickness and other particular medical history, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CI) were presented. Statistical analysis of adjusted odds ratio was done by multiple logistic regression. By multiple logistic regression, confidence interval, β coefficient and p-value for each factor were determined.
To determine baseline difference between the groups, t-test and chi-square test were used. P-value of less than 0.
이론/모형
Continuous values were age, BMI, weight, total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, LDL, fasting blood serum and epicardial fat thickness. Backward method was used. All the values were tested for multicollinearity.
성능/효과
1. Subjects in the Dampness-Phlegm pattern group had significantly more female participants, higher BMI, weight, higher number of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, higher total cholesterol, triglyceride, total lipid, LDL, fasting blood serum glucose and thicker epicardial fat thickness. (p<0.
Echocardiographic epicardial fat data could be obtained from three hundred sixty six patients. One hundred forty patients were diagnosed as the Dampness-Phlegm pattern(DP) and two hundred twenty six patients were as non-Dampness-Phlegm pattern (NDP). There were significant differences of weight, BMI, cholesterol, triglycerol, lipid, fasting serum glucose, LDL, sex, hypertension history, diabetes mellitus history and epicardial fat thickness(Table 1).
후속연구
This study can be a clue to pathophysiology of Dampness -Phlegm pattern. More study on epicardial fat and its formation will be needed to achieve this goal.
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