유럽의 많은 의과대학들은 사회의학을 교과목으로 개설하고 있으며, 미국에서는 일부 의과대학들이 사회의학을 department의 명칭에 사용하고 있다. 그러나 한국에서는 사회의학의 도입이 제대로 진행되지 못했다. 이는 한국 의학에 지대한 영향을 미친 미국 의학계가 한동안 그 용어와 원리를 수용하지 않았었기 때문일 것이다. 이러한 상황 인식을 바탕으로 1) 사회의학의 기원과 진화에 관하여 기술하고, 이어서 2) 한국 사회의학의 실상에 대하여 간략히 논의할 것이다. 사회의학은 1848년 프랑스와 독일에서 창시되어, 국제적으로 다양한 발전 과정을 거쳤다. 사회적, 경제적 여건이 건강, 질병 및 의료서비스에 미치는 영향이 심대하며, 따라서 그에 대한 과학적 연구가 필요하다는 것이 사회의학의 핵심적 개념에 속한다. 한국에서는 사회의학이 거의 사용되지 않는 용어지만, 그 내용은 의과대학 예방의학 교과과정에 도입된 상태이다. 그러나 이러한 내용적 수용은 사회의학에 대한 논의와 이해에 근거해서 이루어진 것이 아니므로 그 의의와 가치의 전달에 한계가 있다. 따라서 예방의학과 사회의학의 연계관계를 분명히 밝히고, 체계화하는 노력이 필요하다. 구체적으로는 의과대학 예방의학 과목의 명칭을 많은 나라에서처럼 예방사회의학으로 변경하고, 명칭에 부합하도록 내용을 조정 보완하는 방안을 검토할 필요가 있다.
유럽의 많은 의과대학들은 사회의학을 교과목으로 개설하고 있으며, 미국에서는 일부 의과대학들이 사회의학을 department의 명칭에 사용하고 있다. 그러나 한국에서는 사회의학의 도입이 제대로 진행되지 못했다. 이는 한국 의학에 지대한 영향을 미친 미국 의학계가 한동안 그 용어와 원리를 수용하지 않았었기 때문일 것이다. 이러한 상황 인식을 바탕으로 1) 사회의학의 기원과 진화에 관하여 기술하고, 이어서 2) 한국 사회의학의 실상에 대하여 간략히 논의할 것이다. 사회의학은 1848년 프랑스와 독일에서 창시되어, 국제적으로 다양한 발전 과정을 거쳤다. 사회적, 경제적 여건이 건강, 질병 및 의료서비스에 미치는 영향이 심대하며, 따라서 그에 대한 과학적 연구가 필요하다는 것이 사회의학의 핵심적 개념에 속한다. 한국에서는 사회의학이 거의 사용되지 않는 용어지만, 그 내용은 의과대학 예방의학 교과과정에 도입된 상태이다. 그러나 이러한 내용적 수용은 사회의학에 대한 논의와 이해에 근거해서 이루어진 것이 아니므로 그 의의와 가치의 전달에 한계가 있다. 따라서 예방의학과 사회의학의 연계관계를 분명히 밝히고, 체계화하는 노력이 필요하다. 구체적으로는 의과대학 예방의학 과목의 명칭을 많은 나라에서처럼 예방사회의학으로 변경하고, 명칭에 부합하도록 내용을 조정 보완하는 방안을 검토할 필요가 있다.
Social medicine is recognized as one of medical specialties in many countries. However, social medicine has never been formally introduced to Korea, presumably because the term and its principles were not accepted for some years in the past in American medicine, which has strongly influenced Korean ...
Social medicine is recognized as one of medical specialties in many countries. However, social medicine has never been formally introduced to Korea, presumably because the term and its principles were not accepted for some years in the past in American medicine, which has strongly influenced Korean medicine. This paper describes the origins and evolution of social medicine and briefly discusses contemporary social medicine in Korea. Social medicine was initiated in France and Germany in 1848. Since then, it has expanded globally and developed in diverse ways. Included in core principles of social medicine is that social and economic conditions have important effects on health and disease, and that these relationships must be subjected to scientific investigation. The term 'social medicine' is rarely used in Korea, but many of its subject matters are incorporated into preventive medicine which, besides prevention, deals with population health that is inescapably social. However, the Korean preventive medicine directs little attention to the basic concepts and principles of social medicine, upon which systematic development of social medicine can be based. Thus, it is necessary to supplement the social medicine contents of preventive medicine through formalizing the linkages between the two fields. One way of doing so would be to change the title of 'preventive medicine' course in medical colleges to 'preventive and social medicine,' as in many other countries, and to adjust the course contents accordingly.
Social medicine is recognized as one of medical specialties in many countries. However, social medicine has never been formally introduced to Korea, presumably because the term and its principles were not accepted for some years in the past in American medicine, which has strongly influenced Korean medicine. This paper describes the origins and evolution of social medicine and briefly discusses contemporary social medicine in Korea. Social medicine was initiated in France and Germany in 1848. Since then, it has expanded globally and developed in diverse ways. Included in core principles of social medicine is that social and economic conditions have important effects on health and disease, and that these relationships must be subjected to scientific investigation. The term 'social medicine' is rarely used in Korea, but many of its subject matters are incorporated into preventive medicine which, besides prevention, deals with population health that is inescapably social. However, the Korean preventive medicine directs little attention to the basic concepts and principles of social medicine, upon which systematic development of social medicine can be based. Thus, it is necessary to supplement the social medicine contents of preventive medicine through formalizing the linkages between the two fields. One way of doing so would be to change the title of 'preventive medicine' course in medical colleges to 'preventive and social medicine,' as in many other countries, and to adjust the course contents accordingly.
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
문제 정의
The evolution of social medicine has been internationally diverse, so that its concerns and subject matters may vary to some extent among different national contexts [7]. Based upon these observations, this paper will discuss the state of social medicine in Korea following a review of the literature on the origins and evolution of social medicine. In doing so, this study is aimed at the objectives as follows: 1) To improve the understanding of the medical profession about social medicine in Korea by providing the description of its origins and development; 2) To assess the current state of social medicine in Korea and suggest agendas for its future development.
제안 방법
The subjects of the book are grouped into four parts: ‘Health and Disease’ (part I); ‘Epidemiology and Its Applications’ (part II); ‘Environment and Health’ (part III); and ‘Health Care Services and Management’ (part IV).
성능/효과
Included in the core principles of social medicine are: 1) that social and economic conditions have an important effect on health, disease and the practice of medicine, and these relations must be subjected to scientific investigation; and 2) that the measures to promote health and combat disease must be social as well as medical. Interests in the relationships between health and social factors began in the 18th century, but the term ‘social medicine’ was first used in 1848 by a French doctor, Jules Guérin in the year of the February Revolution in France.
3) steps must be taken to promote health and to combat disease, and the measures involved in such action must be social as well as medical.
In fact, prevention is the concern of all the medical specialties including basic medical sciences [45]. Second, preventive medicine, as the title of specialty, does not reflect the fact that Korean preventive medicine deals with much broader content than prevention. At this point, we may ask a couple of questions.
참고문헌 (49)
1 Dusek T Bates T Analysis of European medical schools’ teaching programs Croat Med J 2003 44 1 26 31 12590425
2 Henderson GE King NM Strauss RP Estroff SE Churchill LR The social medicine reader Durham Duke University Press 1997
3 King NM Churchill LR Estroff SE Henderson GE Oberlander J The social medicine reader, 2nd ed., vol. 1: patients, doctors, and illness Durham Duke University Press 2005
4 Henderson GE Estroff SE Churchill LR King NM Oberlander J Strauss RP The social medicine reader, 2nd ed., vol. 2: social and cultural contributions to health, difference, and inequality Durham Duke University Press 2005
5 Oberlander J Churchill LR Estroff SE Henderson GE King NM Strauss RP The social medicine reader, 2nd ed., vol. 3: health policy, markets, and medicine Durham Duke University Press 2005
6 Lee JC The development of German social medicine in the nineteenth century Uisahak 1994 3 1 20 29 (Korean) 11618918
8 Rosen G The evolution of social medicine Freeman HE Levine S Reeder LG Handbook of medical sociology 2nd ed Englewood Cliffs Prentice-Hall 1972 30 60
9 Starr P The social transformation of American medicine: the rise of a sovereign profession and the making of a vast industry New York Basic Books 1982 55
10 Cockerham WC Ritchey FJ Dictionary of medical sociology Westport Greenwood Press 1997 119 120
11 Hobson W What is social medicine? Br Med J 1949 2 4619 125 130 18146896
12 Rosen G What is social medicine? a genetic analysis of the concept Bull Hist Med 1947 21 5 674 733 18901361
13 Taylor R Rieger A Rudolf Virchow on the typhus epidemic in Upper Silesia: an introduction and translation Sociol Health Illn 1984 6 2 201 217
17 Waitzkin H Social medicine: its derivations and objectives; the New York Academy of medicine institute on social medicine, 1947 New York Commonwealth Fund 1949
18 Rosen G Approaches to a concept of social medicine; a historical survey Milbank Mem Fund Q 1948 26 1 7 21 18898207
19 Morman ET George Rosen, public health, and history Rosen G A history of public health. Expanded ed Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press 1993 lxix lxxxviii
20 Susser M Teaching social medicine in the United States Milbank Mem Fund Q 1966 44 4 389 413 5969800
21 Madison DL Introduction: where medicine and society meet In: Social medicine, 20th anniversary report of the Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill University of North Carolina 1998 7 18
22 Westerhaus M Finnegan A Haidar M Kleinman A Mukherjee J Farmer P The necessity of social medicine in medical education Acad Med 2015 90 5 565 568 25406609
23 Kasper J Greene JA Farmer PE Jones DS All health is global health, all medicine is social medicine: integrating the social sciences into the preclinical curriculum Acad Med 2016 91 5 628 632 26703416
24 Social Medicine Consortium. Conference 2016: reimagining social medicine [cited 2016 May 1]. Available from: http://www.socialmedicineconsortium.org/conferencedetails/
25 Pemberton J Origins and early history of the Society for Social Medicine in the UK and Ireland J Epidemiol Community Health 2002 56 5 342 346 11964429
32 Syme SL Reducing racial and social-class inequalities in health: the need for a new approach Health Aff (Millwood) 2008 27 2 456 459 18332502
33 Gehlert S Sohmer D Sacks T Mininger C McClintock M Olopade O Targeting health disparities: a model linking upstream determinants to downstream interventions Health Aff (Millwood) 2008 27 2 339 349 18332488
34 Braveman P Egerter S Williams DR The social determinants of health: coming of age Annu Rev Public Health 2011 32 381 398 21091195
35 World Health Organization. Health topics: social determinants of health [cited 2016 Apr 26]. Available from: http://who.int/topics/social_determinants/en/
36 Krieger N A glossary for social epidemiology J Epidemiol Community Health 2001 55 10 693 700 11553651
41 Cruickshank JK Mbanya JC Wilks R Balkau B McFarlane-Anderson N Forrester T Sick genes, sick individuals or sick populations with chronic disease? The emergence of diabetes and high blood pressure in African-origin populations Int J Epidemiol 2001 30 1 111 117 11171870
42 Yoo HJ Two major harms from the viewpoint of hygiene Gaebyuk 1920 1 108 111 (Korean)
43 Jeon WT Social medicine Yonsei J Med Educ 2001 3 2 1 13 (Korean)
44 Chun WT Kim S Yang EB A study on the development of social medicine curriculum Korean J Med Educ 2001 13 2 201 212 (Korean)
45 Stevens R American medicine and the public interest New Haven Yale University Press 1971 330
46 Korean Society for Preventive Medicine Preventive medicine and public health. Rev. ed Seoul Gyechuk Munwhasa 2011 19 (Korean)
47 Rose G Sick individuals and sick populations Int J Epidemiol 1985 14 1 32 38 3872850
48 Rose G The strategy of preventive medicine Oxford Oxford University Press 1992
49 The distinction between public health and community/social/preventive medicine J Public Health Policy 1985 6 4 435 439 4093498
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.