러시아 북극지역 항만의 집중 및 경쟁현상에 관한 연구-북극해 항로를 중심으로 Seaport Concentration and Competition Development in the Arctic Region of Russia along the North Sea Route원문보기
러시아는 북극의 항로와 항만을 소유하고 접근할 수 있는 권한을 가지고 있다. 북극항로는 지난 수십 년간 주요 논쟁의 대상이 되었다. 항로상에서 화물처리를 위하여 적합한 항만시스템은 필수적이다. 본 연구는 2007년에서 2016년 사이 북극항로에 위치한 러시아 항만의 개발 및 경쟁에 대한 현상을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법은 HHI, CR, Gini Coefficient, Lorenz Curve, Shift-Share Analysis를 사용하였다. 연구결과, 집중화현상과 약한 성장 및 작은 규모의 항만경쟁이 있음을 밝혔다. 본 연구는 북극항로에 위치한 항만 관련 연구가 미진한 현재 상황에서 의미가 있으며, 연구결과는 항만정책 담당자, PA 담당자 및 연구자에게 시사점을 제공한다.
러시아는 북극의 항로와 항만을 소유하고 접근할 수 있는 권한을 가지고 있다. 북극항로는 지난 수십 년간 주요 논쟁의 대상이 되었다. 항로상에서 화물처리를 위하여 적합한 항만시스템은 필수적이다. 본 연구는 2007년에서 2016년 사이 북극항로에 위치한 러시아 항만의 개발 및 경쟁에 대한 현상을 분석하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 방법은 HHI, CR, Gini Coefficient, Lorenz Curve, Shift-Share Analysis를 사용하였다. 연구결과, 집중화현상과 약한 성장 및 작은 규모의 항만경쟁이 있음을 밝혔다. 본 연구는 북극항로에 위치한 항만 관련 연구가 미진한 현재 상황에서 의미가 있으며, 연구결과는 항만정책 담당자, PA 담당자 및 연구자에게 시사점을 제공한다.
Russia has access to unique port locations and routes, one of them is North Sea route, which have been a major debate topic for last several decades. In order to handle any shipments along the route, an adequate and capable port system must be present. This study aims to identify development and com...
Russia has access to unique port locations and routes, one of them is North Sea route, which have been a major debate topic for last several decades. In order to handle any shipments along the route, an adequate and capable port system must be present. This study aims to identify development and competition patterns from 2007 to 2016 of Russian ports in the Arctic basin, concentration trends in particular. The objectives achieved through utilizing the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), concentration ratio (CR), the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve, and shift-share analysis. Results demonstrate concentration trend, positive overall growth and lack of real competition. Originality of this study lies in the fact that certain analysis had not been done in previous studies, but importance of it may be found in several papers. Findings of this paper may assist policy-makers, port authorities and other researchers in understanding and further study on the region.
Russia has access to unique port locations and routes, one of them is North Sea route, which have been a major debate topic for last several decades. In order to handle any shipments along the route, an adequate and capable port system must be present. This study aims to identify development and competition patterns from 2007 to 2016 of Russian ports in the Arctic basin, concentration trends in particular. The objectives achieved through utilizing the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), concentration ratio (CR), the Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve, and shift-share analysis. Results demonstrate concentration trend, positive overall growth and lack of real competition. Originality of this study lies in the fact that certain analysis had not been done in previous studies, but importance of it may be found in several papers. Findings of this paper may assist policy-makers, port authorities and other researchers in understanding and further study on the region.
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제안 방법
Very little research had been conducted on Russian Arctic ports in general, and port concentration analysis is absent from the available literature. Hence, this study provides empirical research on the said matter, using concentration ratio (CR), the HerfindahlHirschman Index (HHI), the Gini coefficient, and shift-share analysis using throughput of Russian seaports from 2003 to 2012.
A big number of papers can be found that analyze intentions of shipowners and shipping companies (Lee 2015[11], Lasserre 2011[12], Huang 2014[13], Beveridge, 2016[14]). These papers bear mostly qualitative analysis models and work with such methodologies as interview, case study analysis, or questionnaire used qualitative methodology, surveying 142 shipping companies and drawing conclusions that provide general representation of what are the expectations and views on Arctic routes. Russian scholars are taking mainly practical approach of seeking ways to improve NSR.
This study takes into account Russian ports in Arctic basin along the NSR, analyzing them using CR1, HHI, Gini coefficient, and SSA in order to look at deconcentration trends and how competition is developing between them.
대상 데이터
In the Arctic Basin, Russia has 16 sea ports, 5 of which are located around Kolsky Peninsula, 4 around Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the East, and 7 on the coast along the North line. In this study, the biggest ports had been used: Murmansk, Archangelsk, and Varandey. Naryan-Mar and Onega ports had not been chosen due to very limited cargo volume, and, previously big port of Vitino had gone bankrupt and its future is very unclear at the present moment.
The data used in the paper had been collected from the database of “Unified State System of Information on the Situation in the World Ocean” and presents throughput of Russian ports along the North coast.
이론/모형
For this research Concentration Ratio (CR(k)), The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI), the Lorenz Curve and the Gini coefficients, and Shift-share Analysis had been used to identify current market state and port concentration in Russian port system along the NSR.
성능/효과
Results demonstrate that concentration ratio fluctuates slightly, but remains similar from year to year without dropping below 50% (0.5) which means that market can be considered to be an oligopoly, even if other ports will be taken into an account, as their throughput combined will make up only a fraction of throughput of any of presented ports. However, deconcentration trend can be seen as CR1 was steadily decreasing from year 2007 up to 2015.
참고문헌 (19)
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