은나노 입자의 독성 메커니즘 및 천연물을 활용한 은나노 대체 항균 소재 연구 Toxicity of Silver Nanoparticles and Application of Natural Products on Fabric and Filters as an Alternative원문보기
나노 입자는 화장품, 식품, 기계, 화학 산업 등에 다양한 용도로 활용되고 있으며, 그 응용분야가 광범히 하여 나노 입자 사용에 대한 관심과 연구가 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 특히 금속나노 입자 중 하나인 은나노 입자는 항균 및 항진균 효과가 뛰어나 의류, 실내 공기필터, 증류필터 등 다양한 방면에 활용되고 있다. 하지만 은나노 입자의 지속적인 노출 시, 입자 크기와 노출방식에 따라 인체에 독성을 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있어 친환경적이고 생물학적으로 안전한 천연물 유래 소재를 활용한 은나노 입자의 기술개발이 필요하다. 천연물이 적용된 실내필터와 의류는 생산의 용이성, 제품 내구성 및 항균 활성에서 은나노 적용제품과 비교될 수 있는 것으로 나타고 있다. 본 연구에서는 은나노의 생체 내 미치는 독성 메커니즘에 대해 알아보고 은나노의 대안으로 항균 활성을 지닌 천연물의 항균 활성에 대해 기술하고자 한다.
나노 입자는 화장품, 식품, 기계, 화학 산업 등에 다양한 용도로 활용되고 있으며, 그 응용분야가 광범히 하여 나노 입자 사용에 대한 관심과 연구가 지속적으로 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 특히 금속나노 입자 중 하나인 은나노 입자는 항균 및 항진균 효과가 뛰어나 의류, 실내 공기필터, 증류필터 등 다양한 방면에 활용되고 있다. 하지만 은나노 입자의 지속적인 노출 시, 입자 크기와 노출방식에 따라 인체에 독성을 유발하는 것으로 알려져 있어 친환경적이고 생물학적으로 안전한 천연물 유래 소재를 활용한 은나노 입자의 기술개발이 필요하다. 천연물이 적용된 실내필터와 의류는 생산의 용이성, 제품 내구성 및 항균 활성에서 은나노 적용제품과 비교될 수 있는 것으로 나타고 있다. 본 연구에서는 은나노의 생체 내 미치는 독성 메커니즘에 대해 알아보고 은나노의 대안으로 항균 활성을 지닌 천연물의 항균 활성에 대해 기술하고자 한다.
There has been increasing attention and research in various nanoparticle applications. Nanoparticles have been used for a variety of purposes in different departments including but not limited to cosmetics, food, machinery, and chemical. A highly sought-after field to use nanoparticles, especially n...
There has been increasing attention and research in various nanoparticle applications. Nanoparticles have been used for a variety of purposes in different departments including but not limited to cosmetics, food, machinery, and chemical. A highly sought-after field to use nanoparticles, especially natural or artificial silver nanoparticles (SNPs), is the utilization of their significant antimicrobial properties in daily items such as fabrics, indoor air filters, and, water filtration units where abundant bacterial and fungal growth are inevitable. These applications of SNPs, however, have enabled continuous human exposure and hence paved the way for potential SNP toxicity depending on exposure method and particle size. This potential toxicity has led to researches on safer antimicrobial solutions to be utilized in textile and filtration. In this context, products of natural origin have gained expanding interest due to their eco-friendly, cost-effective, and biologically safe properties along their promising antibacterial and antifungal activities. Natural product-applied fabrics and filters have been shown to be comparable to those that are SNP-treated in terms of ease production, material durability, and antimicrobial efficiency. This article summarizes and assesses the current state of in vitro and in vitro toxicity of SNPs and discusses the potential of natural products as an alternative.
There has been increasing attention and research in various nanoparticle applications. Nanoparticles have been used for a variety of purposes in different departments including but not limited to cosmetics, food, machinery, and chemical. A highly sought-after field to use nanoparticles, especially natural or artificial silver nanoparticles (SNPs), is the utilization of their significant antimicrobial properties in daily items such as fabrics, indoor air filters, and, water filtration units where abundant bacterial and fungal growth are inevitable. These applications of SNPs, however, have enabled continuous human exposure and hence paved the way for potential SNP toxicity depending on exposure method and particle size. This potential toxicity has led to researches on safer antimicrobial solutions to be utilized in textile and filtration. In this context, products of natural origin have gained expanding interest due to their eco-friendly, cost-effective, and biologically safe properties along their promising antibacterial and antifungal activities. Natural product-applied fabrics and filters have been shown to be comparable to those that are SNP-treated in terms of ease production, material durability, and antimicrobial efficiency. This article summarizes and assesses the current state of in vitro and in vitro toxicity of SNPs and discusses the potential of natural products as an alternative.
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문제 정의
In conclusion, this compact review was aimed to promote the potential of natural product-origin antimicrobial agents in antimicrobial fabrics and filtrations. Although, both organic and inorganic silver nanoparticles exert very efficient antimicrobial activity when applied to fabrics and filtration units, studies clearly indicated the lack of assessment on their toxic effects.
In the light of toxicity risks of SNPs mentioned in this review, natural antimicrobial agents are again gaining attention due to their efficient yet safe utilization for ensuring bacteria-free quality of indoor air, water and fabrics. Therefore, literature consists of several studies that focuses on the possibility of natural-origin antibacterial substances to be applied to filters and fabrics.
제안 방법
[26] expressed the non-toxic effects of repeated SNP inhalation via the Sprague-Dawley rats. Subjects inhaled the particles through nasal-only way for 28 days, 6 hr a day, 5 times a week to mimic working hours of an average person. Results showed notably higher goblet cells containing neutral mucins than that of with acid mucins in lungs indicating not a toxicity but a susceptibility to infection.
성능/효과
All tested dyes were able show notable inhibitory effect with minimum inhibitory concentrations varying from 5 to 40 μg, Quercus infectoria being the most effective, against commonly present microbial strains Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Results from different studies clearly showed that continuous exposure to high levels of SNPs caused considerable toxicity in vital organs including but not limited to brain, lung, and liver, brain being the most susceptible to toxic effects (Table 2). However, comprehensive and detailed stud-ies are needed for better understanding of SNP toxicity and its capacity body-wide after different modes of exposure.
flavescens nanoparticles and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Results indicated that air filters were notably superior in terms of antimicrobial and filtration efficiency after the application of natural product nanoparticles. A similar approach was followed to produce natural product antimicrobial nanoparticles from Euscaphis japonica extract [24].
Subjects inhaled the particles through nasal-only way for 28 days, 6 hr a day, 5 times a week to mimic working hours of an average person. Results showed notably higher goblet cells containing neutral mucins than that of with acid mucins in lungs indicating not a toxicity but a susceptibility to infection.
후속연구
Also, examination of the thyme essential oil applied fabrics under Scanning Electron Microscopy indicated that the oil is bound to fabric with good physical and mechanical properties. However, study urges further studies to determine the durability of the fabrics to light exposure and laundering. Sarkar et al.
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