Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of core exercise methods on muscle activation and muscle thickness in healthy young adults and to propose effective core exercise methods. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: A total of 30 healthy young adults (14 males, 16 females...
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of core exercise methods on muscle activation and muscle thickness in healthy young adults and to propose effective core exercise methods. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: A total of 30 healthy young adults (14 males, 16 females) voluntarily participated in the study. Subjects were randomized to the prone plank exercise (n=10), reverse plank exercise (n=10), or bridge exercise (n=10) groups. Muscle activity and thickness of the rectus abdominis (RA), multifidus (MF), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles were measured using surface electromyography and ultrasound. Subjects from each group participated in the exercises five times a week, with five 20-second sets during week 1. The set time was increased by 10 seconds per week. Results: Muscle activity and thickness in the prone plank, reverse plank, and bridge exercise group were statistically significant different for RA, MF, EO, and IO changes over time, and interaction between time and groups were also significantly different (p<0.05). We analyzed statistically significant differences between groups using a one-way analysis of variance for each period. A significant difference was observed after 4 weeks of exercise (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that the prone plank exercise is a beneficial method for enhancing muscle activation and thickness of the RA, EO, and IO compared to the reverse plank and bridge exercises. On the other hand, the reverse plank and bridge exercises are effective methods for enhancing the MF compared to the prone plank exercise.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of core exercise methods on muscle activation and muscle thickness in healthy young adults and to propose effective core exercise methods. Design: Three-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: A total of 30 healthy young adults (14 males, 16 females) voluntarily participated in the study. Subjects were randomized to the prone plank exercise (n=10), reverse plank exercise (n=10), or bridge exercise (n=10) groups. Muscle activity and thickness of the rectus abdominis (RA), multifidus (MF), external oblique (EO), and internal oblique (IO) muscles were measured using surface electromyography and ultrasound. Subjects from each group participated in the exercises five times a week, with five 20-second sets during week 1. The set time was increased by 10 seconds per week. Results: Muscle activity and thickness in the prone plank, reverse plank, and bridge exercise group were statistically significant different for RA, MF, EO, and IO changes over time, and interaction between time and groups were also significantly different (p<0.05). We analyzed statistically significant differences between groups using a one-way analysis of variance for each period. A significant difference was observed after 4 weeks of exercise (p<0.05). Conclusions: The results suggest that the prone plank exercise is a beneficial method for enhancing muscle activation and thickness of the RA, EO, and IO compared to the reverse plank and bridge exercises. On the other hand, the reverse plank and bridge exercises are effective methods for enhancing the MF compared to the prone plank exercise.
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문제 정의
Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of prone plank, reverse plank, and bridge exercises on muscle activity and thickness in healthy young adults and propose effective core exercises.
제안 방법
Before the intervention, all subjects were assessed for maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and muscle thickness of the RA, MF, EO, and IO. The intervention was performed in each group for 4 weeks and outcome measures were re-measured at 2 weeks and 4 weeks as in the pre-test.
For the prone plank exercise, study participants were asked to maintain their elbows flexed at 90° in the push-up position, with the forearms and toes on the floor.
Measurements for the RA were performed using the probe transversally while the subject was in a supine position. It was measured inwardly and upward 2 cm at the umbilicus [12].
The general characteristics of the subjects were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and results were presented as the mean±standard deviation.
Before the intervention, all subjects were assessed for maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and muscle thickness of the RA, MF, EO, and IO. The intervention was performed in each group for 4 weeks and outcome measures were re-measured at 2 weeks and 4 weeks as in the pre-test. Each group performed 5 sets of 20 seconds in the first week, 5 sets of 30 seconds in the second week, 5 sets of 40 seconds the third week, and 5 sets of 40 seconds in the fourth week.
The one-way placement variance analysis was performed for the group-to-group homogeneity test and group comparison. The repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare the difference between groups, the changes between the different time points, and the interaction between the time and groups. A one-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the groups at each time point.
Sex, age, height, weight, and other general information were recorded for all subjects. The selected subjects were divided into 3 groups by random sampling to minimize selection bias and were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: prone plank, reverse plank, and bridge exercise. The randomization process was performed using computer-generated numbers produced by a basic random number generator (Random Allocation Software ver.
대상 데이터
Homogeneity between groups was examined among the 30 subjects (16 males, 14 females). The prone plank, reverse plank and bridge exercise groups were identified as the same group with no difference.
Thirty healthy young adults (14 males, 16 females), from Chunnam Techno University located in Jeonnam, Korea, participated in this study. Subjects were fully informed about the purpose and method of the study before participating and written informed consent was voluntarily provided.
데이터처리
The repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare the difference between groups, the changes between the different time points, and the interaction between the time and groups. A one-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the groups at each time point. The post-test was conducted using the Duncan test.
The Shapiro-Wilks testing was performed to test for normality, and the normal distribution was satisfied. The one-way placement variance analysis was performed for the group-to-group homogeneity test and group comparison. The repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to compare the difference between groups, the changes between the different time points, and the interaction between the time and groups.
A one-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the groups at each time point. The post-test was conducted using the Duncan test. The statistical significance level was set to α= 0.
05). We further analyzed the difference between groups using a one-way analysis of variance for each time. There was no statistically significant difference in the pre-test and after 2 weeks results, but there was a significant difference after 4 weeks (p<0.
성능/효과
There was no statistically significant difference in the pre-test and after 2 weeks results, but there was a significant difference after 4 weeks (p<0.05).
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