[논문]Development of Impact Evaluation and Diagnostic Indicators for Sinkholes

Lee, KyungSu; Kim, TaeHyeong

doi:10.5392/ijoc.2018.14.3.053

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Based on the previous studies on sinkholes and ground subsidence conducted until date, the factors affecting the occurrence of sinkholes can be divided into natural environmental factors and human environmental factors in accordance with the purpose of the study. Furthermore, to be more specific, th...

Based on the previous studies on sinkholes and ground subsidence conducted until date, the factors affecting the occurrence of sinkholes can be divided into natural environmental factors and human environmental factors in accordance with the purpose of the study. Furthermore, to be more specific, the human environment can be classified into the artificial type and the social type. In this study, the assessment indices for assessing risks of sinkholes and ground subsidence were developed by performing AHP analysis based on the results of the study by Lee et al. (2016), who selected the risk factors for the occurrence of sinkholes by performing Delphi analysis targeting relevant experts. Analysis showed that the artificial environmental factors were of significance in affecting the occurrence of sinkholes. Explicitly, the underground factors were found to be of importance in the natural environment, and among them, the level of underground water turned out to be an imperative influencing factor. In the artificial environment, the underground and subterranean structures exhibited similar importance, and in the underground structures, the excessive use of the underground space was found to be an important influencing factor. In the subterranean ones, the level of water leakage and the erosion of the water supply and sewage piping system were the influential factors, and in the surface, compaction failure was observed as an imperative factor. In the social environment, the regional development, and above all, the groundwater overuse were found to be important factors. In the managemental and institutional environment, the improper construction management proved to be the most important influencing factor.

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표/그림 (10)

그림 Fig. 1. Research Flow Chart
그림 Fig. 2. Results of Selection of Risk Factors of the Occurrence of Sinkholes (Lee et al., 2016) [6]
표 Table 1. R.I. According to Size of the Matrix (Satty, 1990) [7]
표 Table 2. Demographic Characteristics of the Expert Group
표 Table 3. Results of AHP analysis of the First Stratum
표 Table 4. Results of AHP analysis of the Second Stratum
표 Table 5. Results of AHP analysis of the Third Stratum in the Natural Environment
표 Table 6. Results of AHP analysis of the Third Stratum in the Artificial Environment
표 Table 7. Results of AHP analysis of the Third Stratum in the Social Environment
표 Table 8. Assessment Indices of the Environment Impact Assessment of Sinkholes

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문제 정의

In this study, it is important by what risk factors sinkholes occur because this study is for the effective prevention of sinkhole disasters by finding priority through the selection of risk causes of sinkholes. Although a lot of studies have been carried out about the clear definition and the pattern of a sinkhole, it has not been established yet.
To look at the causes of sinkholes, they occurred due to the pupillation caused by melted limestone in the limestone area in the foreign countries, and due to comprehensive causes in Korea: pumping around the subway stations, vibration caused by subway and large vehicles, breakage of the sewage and water supply pipes, change of the level of the groundwater around excavation work. The purpose of this study is to perform AHP analysis based on the causes of the occurrence of sinkholes that Lee et al.(2016) [6], selected, and to develop the risk assessment indices of sinkholes by selecting the relative weight of each factor.

제안 방법

(2016) [6] composed the group of 6 experts at first and chose a factor that could pose a risk through the first brainstorming and literature research. And then they composed the group of 30 experts again, and performed the 2nd and the 3rd Delphi analysis. By doing this, they divided three areas in total and composed a sub-area corresponding to each of them.
The artificial environment is subdivided into underground structures and underground construction materials and the social environment is subdivided into regional development and management/institutional environment. The details include difference between pervious soil and Impervious one, the flow of surface water and management thereof, changes in effective stress of soil layer due to global warming, distortion of groundwater flow according to the impact of underground structure and problems due to construction method, vibrations caused by railway and traffic, the impact according to types of structure excavation method and types of pseudo-construction methods of a retaining wall, the degree of aging of the sewage and water supply pipes, etc.
The Delphi technique is the decision methodology with which the comprehensive causes like sinkholes are found out with expert groups. To look at the causes of sinkholes, they occurred due to the pupillation caused by melted limestone in the limestone area in the foreign countries, and due to comprehensive causes in Korea: pumping around the subway stations, vibration caused by subway and large vehicles, breakage of the sewage and water supply pipes, change of the level of the groundwater around excavation work. The purpose of this study is to perform AHP analysis based on the causes of the occurrence of sinkholes that Lee et al.

이론/모형

AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology was used for selecting the risk causes of sinkholes for environmental impact assessment. AHP is the Multi-based decision-making technique in which the assessment criteria are stratified and the weight is determined according to the stratum if decisions are made based on a number of assessment criteria.

참고문헌 (10)

U. P. Lee, Basic A geographical dictionary for high school students, Sinwon Culture co. Ltd., 2002.
D. Y. Lee, "Ground Subsidence, Sinkhole in the center of the city," monthly Seoul technique story, vol. 224, 2014, pp. 2-36.
E. L. Jo, "Frequent Sinkhole-for the fundamental Solution," Korea Construction Industry Research, CERIK Journal, 2014, pp. 11-13.
B. S. Lee, "the Lesson of Sinkholes," the journal of Korean disaster prevention, vol. 5, no. 14, 2014, pp. 6-11.
I. J. Park and S. H. Park, "the Analysis of the causes of sinkholes and their measures," the journal of Korean disaster prevention, vol. 5, no. 14, 2014, pp.12-17.
K. S. Lee, T. H. Kim, T. H. Kim, and S. H. Park, "Deriving the risk factors of the occurrence of sinkholes by Delphi technique," Korea Contents Institute, vol. 16, no. 4, 2016, pp. 65-75.
T. L. Saaty, Multicriteria Decision Making: The Analytic Hierarchy Process, Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation, RWS Pubns, edition, 1990.
S. M. Choi, J. K. Lim, S. K. Oh, and C. H. Seo, "A Study on the Weight Determination of Selection Items of Waterproofing Methods by AHP Technique," Korea Construction Institute, Journal of Technical Seminar, vol. 8, no. 2, 2008, pp. 205-211.
T. L. Saaty and K. P. Kearns, Analytical Planning: The Organization of System, Pergamon Press, 1985.
T. L. Saaty and L. G. Vargas, The Logic of Priorities: Applications of Business, Energy, Health and Transportation, International Series in Management Science Operations Research, Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing, Boston, The Hague, London, 1982.

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