[논문]기술기반창업기업의 기업활동이 기업성장에 미치는 영향

이명종; 주영진

doi:10.16972/apjbve.14.6.201912.59

기술기반창업기업의 기업활동이 기업성장에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Technology-Based Entrepreneurship(TBE) Activities on Firms Growth 원문보기

벤처창업연구= Asia-Pacific journal of business and venturing, v.14 no.6, 2019년, pp.59 - 76

초록
AI-Helper

대부분의 기술기반창업기업이 죽음의 계곡(VoD: valley of death)을 극복하지 못하고 쇠퇴하거나 소멸하는 과정을 겪게 된다. 본 연구는 기술기반창업기업의 성장차원을 구분하고, 기술기반창업기업의 기업활동이 기업성장에 미치는 영향력의 시간 흐름에 따른 변화를 확인할 목적으로 수행되었다. 본 연구는 다수의 성장지표에 대한 탐색적요인분석(EFA: exploratory factor analysis)을 통해 규모와 수익으로 구분된 2차원의 성장차원을 확인하였으며, 규모와 수익으로 구분된 4가지 상태와 폐업을 포함한 5가지 상태의 이산적 기업성장상태를 정의하였다. 기술기반창업기업의 기업활동이 기업성장에 미치는 영향은 고용활동, 마케팅활동, 연구개발활동, 재무활동, 일반관리활동 등 5가지 대표적인 기업활동을 독립변수로 하고, 이산적 기업성장상태(규모×수익, 폐업)를 종속변수로 한 다항로짓모형(MNL: multi-nomial logit model)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 시간 흐름에 따른 기술기반창업기업의 성장단계는 창업생존율이 급격하게 저하되는 주요 기간을 고려하여 창업초기, 창업중기, 창업후기 등의 3단계로 업력을 범주화하였다. 본 연구의 분석자료는 정부·공공기관의 창업지원기업에 대한 2차자료를 바탕으로 하였으며, 분석대상은 업력 10년 이내의 기술기반창업기업으로 하였다. 분석결과 기술기반창업기업의 고용활동과 마케팅활동은 창업초기와 중기의 활동이 기업성장상태에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 고용활동은 긍정적 영향과 부정적 영향을 함께 미치는 반면, 마케팅활동은 규모와 수익 성장에 긍정적 영향만을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 연구개발활동, 재무활동, 일반관리활동은 기업성장 전 과정에서 기업성장상태에 긍정적 영향과 부정적 영향을 함께 미치는 기업활동으로 나타났다. 아울러 기업의 고유특성인 창업자 창업당시 연령, 기업의 업종 및 소재지역은 성장단계에 따라 기업성장상태에 차별적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Most technology-based entrepreneurship(TBE) go through an process of decline or disappear without overcoming the valley of death(VoD). The purpose of this study is to identify the growth dimension of TBE and to test the influence of firms activities on firms growth over time. This study identified the two-dimensional growth dimension divided by size and profit through exploratory factor analysis(EFA) of a number of growth indicators. Then, we defined the discrete state of growth firm in four states, divided by size and profit, and five states, including the closure of business. Multi-nomial logit model is used to predict the effect of TBE activities on a discrete state of growth firm(size×profit, closure of business) based on multiple independent variables. The independent variables are based on five representative firms activities: employment, marketing, R&D, financial activities, and general management activities. The growth stage of TBE over time has been categorized into three stages: early stage, middle stage, and late stage of business, taking into account the main periods during which the survival rate of startups sharply decreases. The analytical data of this study was based on the secondary data of the start-up supporting companies of government and public institutions. The subjects of analysis were TBE within 10 years. As a result of the empirical analysis, the employment and marketing activities of TBE show that early and mid-term activities had an effect on the state of firms growth. However, if there is a difference, employment activities have both positive and negative effects, while marketing activities have only a positive effect on size and profit growth. And besides, R&D activities, financial activities, and general management activities throughout the entire process of firms growth were found to be firms activities that have both positive and negative effects on firms growth. In addition, the age of the founder, the firms' industry, and the geographic location of the firms, which are general characteristics of the company, were found to have a distinctive effect on the growth status of the firms according to the growth stage.

주제어

질의응답

핵심어	질문	논문에서 추출한 답변
	죽음의 계곡이란 무엇인가?	대부분의 기술기반창업기업이 재무적, 기술적, 경영자원의 결핍 등으로 발생하는 죽음의 계곡(VoD: valley of death)을 극복하지 못하고 결국은 쇠퇴하거나 소멸하는 과정을 겪게 된다(Ries, 2011). 실제로 국내 신생기업의 약 50%가 3년 이내에 폐업하는 상황이며, 매출 또는 고용이 최근 3년 동안 20% 이상 증가하는 고성장기업 비율은 약 2% 수준에 불과한 실정이다(통계청, 2018).
	제한된 연구방법론을 적용함에 따라 발견되는 몇 가지 주요한 한계점은 무엇인가?	첫 번째, 기업의 성장을 측정하기 위해 다양한 지표들을 단편적으로 사용함으로써 다각적 측면의 기업성장을 설명하기 어려운 한계가 있다(Delmar et al., 2003; Wiklund, 1999). 두 번째, 자원기반 관점의 성장영향 연구에 있어 기업성장에 대한 특정 기업활동의 영향만을 제한적으로 살펴보고 있음에 따라, 다양한 기업활동의 영향을 통합적으로 살펴볼 필요가 있다 (Wiklund et al., 2009). 세 번째, 기업의 성장은 변화의 과정으로서 시간의 흐름에 따라 기업 성장의 원인과 결과, 그리고 피드백효과가 어떻게 변화하는지 관찰할 필요가 있다(Chandler & Lyon, 2001; Davidsson & Wiklund, 2000).
	기술기반창업기업의 기업활동이 기업성장에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 이용한 것은 무엇인가?	본 연구는 다수의 성장지표에 대한 탐색적요인분석(EFA: exploratory factor analysis)을 통해 규모와 수익으로 구분된 2차원의 성장차원을 확인하였으며, 규모와 수익으로 구분된 4가지 상태와 폐업을 포함한 5가지 상태의 이산적 기업성장상태를 정의하였다. 기술기반창업기업의 기업활동이 기업성장에 미치는 영향은 고용활동, 마케팅활동, 연구개발활동, 재무활동, 일반관리활동 등 5가지 대표적인 기업활동을 독립변수로 하고, 이산적 기업성장상태(규모×수익, 폐업)를 종속변수로 한 다항로짓모형(MNL: multi-nomial logit model)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 시간 흐름에 따른 기술기반창업기업의 성장단계는 창업생존율이 급격하게 저하되는 주요 기간을 고려하여 창업초기, 창업중기, 창업후기 등의 3단계로 업력을 범주화하였다.

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저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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